javax.servlet.UnavailableException: com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServlet

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软件平台：

编程语言：JAVA

开发工具：MyEclipse 2014

服务器：apache-tomcat-7.0.52 or jetty-distribution-9.1.4.v20140401

问题描述：

使用MyEclipse内置Tomcat服务器运行通过JAX WS技术创建的WebService时正常，但是使用独立Tomcat或Jetty服务器启动时报错：

严重: Error configuring application listener of class com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1718)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1569)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClass(DefaultInstanceManager.java:529)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClassMaybePrivileged(DefaultInstanceManager.java:511)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:139)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4888)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5467)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)

解决方法：

Tomcat需要jax-ws RI包，将jax-ws RI的lib目录下的包拷贝至项目的WEB-INFlib目录下。

下载地址：https://jax-ws.java.net

需要拷贝的包有：

　　 1. gmbal-api-only.jar

2. ha-api.jar

        3. jaxb-core.jar
        4. jaxb-impl.jar
        5. jaxws-api.jar
        6. jaxws-rt.jar
        7. management-api.jar
        8. policy.jar
        9. stax-ex.jar
        10. streambuffer.jar

也可以像我一样，把所有的包都拷贝过去

P.S.：

这个问题困扰我整整一天，网络上众说纷纭，各种解决方法大都尝试过，网上好多人说的都有问题，比如有人说需要的包有

gmbal-api-only.jar
ha-api.jar
jaxb-impl.jar
jaxws-api.jar
jaxws-rt.jar
management-api.jar
policy.jar
stax-ex.jar
streambuffer.jar

我添加后，出现如下错误：

严重: ContainerBase.addChild: start: 
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/HitchingServer]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/sun/istack/localization/Localizable
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2944)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1208)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1688)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1569)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2944)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1208)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1688)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1569)
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:2397)
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:1806)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.Introspection.getDeclaredFields(Introspection.java:106)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:261)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationListenerAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:90)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:63)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:400)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:876)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:371)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5355)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 10 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.istack.localization.Localizable
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1718)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1569)
    ... 38 more
四月 13, 2014 7:37:53 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
严重: Error deploying web application directory G:Program Filesapache-tomcat-7.0.52webappsHitchingServer
java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/HitchingServer]]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:904)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)

更有人说：

如果在Tomcat 6.0上部署，则需要加上JAX-WS API / Runtime 两个库

不知道他们是如何成功的，反正我是没成功。

参考：

http://www.mkyong.com/webservices/jax-ws/java-lang-classnotfoundexception-com-sun-xml-ws-transport-http-servlet-wsservletcontextlistener/

JAX-WS文档：

3. Installation Instructions

The following applies to the JAX-WS standalone bundles.

Extract JAX-WS RI 2.2.8 bundle
To use with GlassFish

Glassfish contains JAX-WS within Metro package so no installation required. For updating JAX-WS installation in Glassfish please refer to Metro project.

To install on Tomcat

Set CATALINA_HOME to your Tomcat installation.
Run
```
ant install
```
This essentially copies lib/*.jar from the root of JAX-WS RI extracted bundle to $CATALINA_HOME/shared/lib
If you are running on top of JDK6, run
```
ant install-api
```
or use
```
ant -help
```
for detailed information.

If you intend to only invoke an already existing Web service, then alternatively you can use the wsimport and wsgen scripts in the bin directory of the JAX-WS RI 2.2.8 bundle.

4. Running on top of JDK 6

JDK 6u4 includes JAX-WS 2.1 and JAXB 2.1 API and RI. JAX-WS RI 2.2.8 includes RI of JAX-WS/JAXB 2.2. In order to run JAX-WS RI 2.2.8 you would need to specify ONLY jaxws-api.jar, and jaxb-api.jar jars using theJava Endorsed Standards Override Mechanism