git配置ssh秘钥（公钥以及私钥）linux

本文默认已经安装git，并有github或者gitlab账号

git在linux下安装参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/lz0925/p/10791147.html

在Linux中配置ssh密钥,在Git中使用SSH协议访问Github，使用 SSH 协议, 您可以连接并验证远程服务器和服务。在每次访问时连接到 GitHub 而不提供用户名或密码。

第一步：检查是否存在SSH秘钥

ls -al ~/.ssh

如果显示 cannot access /root/.ssh: No such file or directory 表示目录不存在，ssh不存在，如果存在也可以继续执行第二步

第二步：生成ssh-key 密钥对，包含：公钥、私钥

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "271xxxxxx@qq.com"

第一次回车，然后会让你输入两遍密码，可以输个自己容易记住的也可以不输入直接一路回车到底，出现下面的情况就成功了

The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|.=oB+o.          |
|oo% ooo .        |
| =.* o+B.        |
|  + =.E+=        |
| . + + +S*       |
|  . . . * O      |
|     . + * .     |
|      o o        |
|       o         |
+----[SHA256]-----+

秘钥路径在刚刚输入密码后会告诉你，注意检查命令行，一般路径如下在用户目录下的.ssh目录

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

第三步：添加ssh-key私钥到 ssh-agent

1、首先确保ssh-agent正常工作

[root@ACA832F0 ~]# eval $(ssh-agent -s)
Agent pid 16843

2、直接将私钥id_rsa添加到ssh代理中，跟windows不同的是不需要修改后缀为.ppk

[root@ACA832F0 ~]# ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_rsa: 
Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_rsa (/root/.ssh/id_rsa)

第四步：将公钥id_rsa.pub添加到你的github或者gitlab等仓库中,

　　打开公钥文件复制全文

vim /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

　　使用邮箱登录仓库，用户setting -> SSH key 将公钥粘贴进去，起个容易识别的名字 title

第五步：验证

ssh -T git@172.168.50.41

出现类似下面的情况，OK

The authenticity of host '172.168.50.41 (172.168.50.41)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:28OQAVeipIe3M4oro+tTp+ExT5+z8+1PbE3ArCiTjYs.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:0c:3d:e9:65:24:e9:aa:c1:09:cc:69:0e:f7:b6:07:b3.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.168.50.41' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Welcome to GitLab, @lizh

第六步：使用，clone代码

[root@ACA832F0 project]# git clone ssh://git@192.168.50.49:22/backs/www.facility.com.git
Cloning into 'facility.klagri.com.cn'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 2023, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (2023/2023), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (1661/1661), done.
remote: Total 2023 (delta 322), reused 1967 (delta 278)
Receiving objects: 100% (2023/2023), 15.31 MiB | 33.01 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (322/322), done.