HttpClient的使用（项目实例）

项目目录

实体类

package com.example.demo.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @author lyd
 * @Description: 用户实体类
 * @date 11:55
 */
@Data
public class User {

	private String name;

	private Integer age;

	private String gender;

	private String motto;


}

三种Get的实现方式测试类

package com.example.demo.TestHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author lyd
 * @Description: Get测试
 * @date 10:21
 */
public class TestGet {


	/**
	 * 无参测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void doGetTestOne() {

		// 创建Http客户端
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
		// 创建Get请求
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8080/doGetTestOne");

		// 响应模型
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 客户端发送Get请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
			// 从响应模型中获取响应实体
			HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
			System.out.println("响应状态为：" + response.getStatusLine());
			if (responseEntity != null) {
				System.out.println("响应内容长度为：" + responseEntity.getContentLength());
				System.out.println("响应内容为：" + responseEntity);
				System.out.println("响应内容为：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			// 释放资源
			try {
				if (httpClient != null) {
					httpClient.close();
				}

				if (response != null) {
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 有参测试：直接拼接url
	 */
	@Test
	public void doGetTestWayOne() {
		// 参数
		StringBuffer params = new StringBuffer();
		params.append("name=liu");
		params.append("&");
		params.append("age=24");


		// 创建Http客户端
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
		// 创建Get请求
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8080/doGetTestWayOne?" + params);


		// 响应模型
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 配置信息
			RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
					// 设置连接超时时间
					.setConnectTimeout(5000)
					// 设置请求超时时间
					.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
					// 设置读写超时时间
					.setSocketTimeout(5000)
					// 设置是否允许重定向
					.setRedirectsEnabled(true).build();

			// 添加配置信息
			httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);

			// 客户端发送Get请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

			// 从响应模型中获取响应实体
			HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
			System.out.println("响应状态为：" + response.getStatusLine());
			if (responseEntity != null) {
				System.out.println("响应内容长度为：" + responseEntity.getContentLength());
				System.out.println("响应内容为：" + responseEntity);
				System.out.println("响应内容为：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			// 释放资源
			try {
				if (httpClient != null) {
					httpClient.close();
				}

				if (response != null) {
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}


	}

	/**
	 * 有参测试:动态生成url
	 */
	@Test
	public void doGetTestWayTwo() {
		// 参数
		List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
		params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "liu"));
		params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("age", "12"));

		/**
		 * URL是一种具体的URI，它是URI的一个子集，它不仅唯一标识资源，而且还提供了定位该资源的信息
		 */
		URI uri = null;
		try {
			uri = new URIBuilder()
					.setScheme("http")
					.setHost("localhost")
					.setPort(8080)
					.setPath("/doGetTestWayTwo")
					.setParameters(params)
					.build();
		} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		// 创建Http客户端
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
		// 创建Get请求
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

		// 响应模型
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 配置信息
			RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
					// 设置连接超时时间
					.setConnectTimeout(5000)
					// 设置请求超时时间
					.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
					// 设置读写超时时间
					.setSocketTimeout(5000)
					// 设置是否允许重定向
					.setRedirectsEnabled(true).build();

			// 添加配置信息
			httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);

			// 客户端发送Get请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

			// 从响应模型中获取响应实体
			HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
			System.out.println("响应状态为：" + response.getStatusLine());
			if (responseEntity != null) {
				System.out.println("响应内容长度为：" + responseEntity.getContentLength());
				System.out.println("响应内容为：" + responseEntity);
				System.out.println("响应内容为：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			// 释放资源
			try {
				if (httpClient != null) {
					httpClient.close();
				}

				if (response != null) {
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}


	}


}

三个Get请求对应的三个地址

package com.example.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author lyd
 * @Description: Get对应接收示例
 * @date 10:38
 */
@RestController
public class GetController {

	@RequestMapping("doGetTestOne")
	public String doGetTestOne(){
		return "123";
	}

	@RequestMapping("doGetTestWayOne")
	public String doGetTestWayOne(String name,Integer age){
		return name+age+"岁";
	}

	@RequestMapping("doGetTestWayTwo")
	public String doGetTestWayTwo(String name,Integer age){
		return name+age+"岁";
	}


}

两种Post的实现方式测试类

package com.example.demo.TestHttpClient;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.example.demo.pojo.User;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author lyd
 * @Description: Post测试
 * @date 11:32
 */
public class TestPost {

   /**
    * Post无参测试
    */
   @Test
   public void doPostTestOne() {
      // 创建Http客户端
      CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
      // 创建Post请求
      HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/doPostTestOne");

      // 响应模型
      CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
      try {
         // 客户端发送Get请求
         response = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);
         // 从响应模型中获取响应实体
         HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
         System.out.println("响应状态为：" + response.getStatusLine());
         if (responseEntity != null) {
            System.out.println("响应内容长度为：" + responseEntity.getContentLength());
            System.out.println("响应内容为：" + responseEntity);
            System.out.println("响应内容为：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
         }
      } catch (IOException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } finally {
         // 释放资源
         try {
            if (closeableHttpClient != null) {
               closeableHttpClient.close();
            }

            if (response != null) {
               response.close();
            }
         } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
         }
      }

   }

   /**
    * Post对象参数测试
    */
   @Test
   public void doPostTestTwo() {
      // 创建Http客户端
      CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
      // 创建Post请求
      HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/doPostTestTwo");

      User user = new User();
      user.setName("liuliu");
      user.setGender("boy");
      user.setMotto("要帅");
      user.setAge(13);

      String jsonStr = JSON.toJSONString(user);

      StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(jsonStr,"utf8");

      httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf8");
      httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);

      // 响应模型
      CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
      try {
         // 客户端发送Get请求
         response = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);
         // 从响应模型中获取响应实体
         HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
         System.out.println("响应状态为：" + response.getStatusLine());
         if (responseEntity != null) {
            System.out.println("响应内容长度为：" + responseEntity.getContentLength());
            System.out.println("响应内容为：" + responseEntity);
            System.out.println("响应内容为：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
         }
      } catch (IOException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } finally {
         // 释放资源
         try {
            if (closeableHttpClient != null) {
               closeableHttpClient.close();
            }

            if (response != null) {
               response.close();
            }
         } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
         }
      }

   }

}

Post测试对应的两个地址

package com.example.demo.controller;

import com.example.demo.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author lyd
 * @Description: Post
 * @date 11:38
 */
@RestController
public class PostController {

	@RequestMapping(value = "/doPostTestOne",method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String doPostTestOne(){
		return "这个Post请求没有任何参数";
	}

	/**
	 * 对象参数
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/doPostTestTwo",method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String doPostTestTwo(@RequestBody User user){
		return user.toString();
	}


}

发送文件测试类

package com.example.demo.TestHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

/**
 * @author lyd
 * @Description: 测试发送文件
 * @date 13:58
 */
public class TestTransferFiles {

	@Test
	public void transferFiles() {
		CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/transferFiles");
		CloseableHttpResponse closeableHttpResponse = null;

		MultipartEntityBuilder multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
		// 多个文件可以同使用一个key,后端用集合或数组接收即可
		String filesKey = "files";

		// 第一个文件
		File file1 = new File("D:\IdeaProjects\test-HttpClient\src\main\resources\verifyImg\1.png");
		multipartEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody(filesKey, file1);

		// 第二个文件
		File file2 = new File("D:\IdeaProjects\test-HttpClient\src\main\resources\verifyImg\2.png");
		try {
			// 防止服务端收到的文件名乱码。 我们这里可以先将文件名URLEncode，然后服务端拿到文件名时在URLDecode。就能避免乱码问题。
			multipartEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody(filesKey, file2, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY, URLEncoder.encode(file2.getName(), "utf8"));
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		// text/plain的意思是将文件设置为纯文本的形式，浏览器在获取到这种文件时并不会对其进行处理。
		ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain", Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
		multipartEntityBuilder.addTextBody("name", "关羽", contentType);
		multipartEntityBuilder.addTextBody("age", "20", contentType);

		HttpEntity httpEntity = multipartEntityBuilder.build();
		httpPost.setEntity(httpEntity);

		try {
			// 客户端发送post请求
			closeableHttpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);
			// 从响应模型中获取响应实体
			HttpEntity responseEntity = closeableHttpResponse.getEntity();
			System.out.println("响应状态为：" + closeableHttpResponse.getStatusLine());
			if (responseEntity != null) {
				System.out.println("响应内容长度为：" + responseEntity.getContentLength());
				System.out.println("响应内容为：" + responseEntity);
				System.out.println("响应内容为：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			// 释放资源
			try {
				if (closeableHttpClient != null) {
					closeableHttpClient.close();
				}

				if (closeableHttpResponse != null) {
					closeableHttpResponse.close();
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}

		}
	}


}

接收文件的地址

package com.example.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author lyd
 * @Description: 传送文件测试
 * @date 14:19
 */
@RestController
public class FilesController {

	@PostMapping(value = "/transferFiles")
	public String transferFiles(@RequestParam String name,
								@RequestParam Integer age,
								@RequestParam List<MultipartFile> multipartFiles) {
		StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(64);
		stringBuilder
				.append("name=")
				.append(name)
				.append(",age=")
				.append(age);

		String fileName;
		for (MultipartFile file : multipartFiles) {
			stringBuilder.append("
文件信息:
");
			fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
			if (fileName == null) {
				continue;
			}
			stringBuilder.append("文件名:" + fileName);
			stringBuilder.append("
文件类型:" + file.getContentType());
		}

		return stringBuilder.toString();
	}


}

上面有用到的实体类

package com.example.demo.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @author lyd
 * @Description: 用户实体类
 * @date 11:55
 */
@Data
public class User {

	private String name;

	private Integer age;

	private String gender;

	private String motto;


}

项目源码

https://github.com/Wranglery/test-HttpClient