java框架-----spring框架------spring概述

1.spring框架（概述）

1. • Spring框架中可用的功能模块有：（spring官网参考资料）
   • Dependency Injection（IoC）
   • Aspect-Oriented Programming including Spring's declarative transaction management（AOP）
   • Spring MVC web application and RESTful web service framework
   • Foundational support for JDBC, JPA, JMS
   • Much more…
   • All avaible features and modules are described in the Modules section of the reference documentation. Their maven/gradle coordinates are also described there.
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2. 构成spring框架的所有模块
   • The Spring Framework consists of features organized into about 20 modules. These modules are grouped into Core Container, Data Access/Integration, Web, AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming), Instrumentation, Messaging, and Test, as shown in the following diagram.　　
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     All avaible features and modules are described in the Modules section of the reference documentation. 

   • 在spring开发包中，上图所示各个模块被分开打包成“spring-模块名称-版本号.RELEASE.jar”，(e.g. spring-core-4.3.4.RELEASE.jar, spring-webmvc-4.3.4.RELEASE.jar, spring-jms-4.3.4.RELEASE.jar, etc.). 实际工程中，并不需要将spring的所有模块都包含进你的工程，你可以根据实际需要只选择你的工程能够用到的那几个模块对应的jar包添加至你的工程中就可以了。
   • 另外，spring框架的所有jar包以及spring框架所依赖的其他jar包都可以在maven的中央仓库找到，所以如果你的工程是使用maven进行管理的，那么你的工程中引入spring时将会变得非常便捷：因为maven会自动从maven的中央仓库下载你的项目所依赖的spring的jar包以及spring所依赖的其他jar包到maven local repository中，
3. 如何使用spring

　　　　　　step1，明确spring是支持maven的

　　　　　　　　　　Each release of the Spring Framework will publish artifacts to the following places:

• • • • • Maven Central, which is the default repository that Maven queries, and does not require any special configuration to use. Many of the common libraries that Spring depends on also are available from Maven Central and a large section of the Spring community uses Maven for dependency management, so this is convenient for them. The names of the jars here are in the form spring-*-<version>.jar and the Maven groupId is org.springframework.
        • ArtifactId见下表

        • GroupId	ArtifactId	Description
          org.springframework	spring-aop	Proxy-based AOP support
          org.springframework	spring-aspects	AspectJ based aspects
          org.springframework	spring-beans	Beans support, including Groovy
          org.springframework	spring-context	Application context runtime, including scheduling and remoting abstractions
          org.springframework	spring-context-support	Support classes for integrating common third-party libraries into a Spring application context
          org.springframework	spring-core	Core utilities, used by many other Spring modules
          org.springframework	spring-expression	Spring Expression Language (SpEL)
          org.springframework	spring-instrument	Instrumentation agent for JVM bootstrapping
          org.springframework	spring-instrument-tomcat	Instrumentation agent for Tomcat
          org.springframework	spring-jdbc	JDBC support package, including DataSource setup and JDBC access support
          org.springframework	spring-jms	JMS support package, including helper classes to send and receive JMS messages
          org.springframework	spring-messaging	Support for messaging architectures and protocols
          org.springframework	spring-orm	Object/Relational Mapping, including JPA and Hibernate support
          org.springframework	spring-oxm	Object/XML Mapping
          org.springframework	spring-test	Support for unit testing and integration testing Spring components
          org.springframework	spring-tx	Transaction infrastructure, including DAO support and JCA integration
          org.springframework	spring-web	Web support packages, including client and web remoting
          org.springframework	spring-webmvc	REST Web Services and model-view-controller implementation for web applications
          org.springframework	spring-webmvc-portlet	MVC implementation to be used in a Portlet environment
          org.springframework	spring-websocket	WebSocket and SockJS implementations, including STOMP support

        • 如果你决定使用maven管理你的软件工程，那么如何使用maven为你的项目自动添加spring框架的相关jar包呢？详细教程参见如下链接：使用maven为我的项目添加spring相关jar包
        • So the first thing you need to decide is how to manage your dependencies: we generally recommend the use of an automated system like Maven, Gradle or Ivy, but you can also do it manually by downloading all the jars yourself.