问题出现的原因：没有在server端配置listener.ora文件，动态注册的方式就会出现1楼的错误
解决办法：在listener.ora文件中添加了静态注册信息
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ASM =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vm-a)(PORT = 1522))
)
SID_LIST_ASM =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2_asm)
(SID_NAME = +ASM)
)
)
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然后启动listener
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LSNRCTL> set current_listener asm
Current Listener is asm
LSNRCTL> start
Starting /oracle/product/10.2_asm/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /oracle/product/10.2_asm/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /oracle/product/10.2_asm/network/log/asm.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vm-a)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=vm-a)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias asm
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 31-AUG-2006 16:22:35
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /oracle/product/10.2_asm/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /oracle/product/10.2_asm/network/log/asm.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vm-a)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
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客户端tnsnames.ora配置：
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1.11_asm =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.11)(PORT = 1522))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = +ASM)
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
)
)
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在客户端连接asm实例
SQL> conn sys/123456@1.11_asm as sysdba
已连接。