C#编程之dll使用（二）

接着上一章内容，这一章我们主要实现C#调用dll内的算法。

同样的，我们按照之前几章编写好的动态效果应用程序进行修改。因为我们需要实现加减乘除运算，使用我们在之前的应用程序添加额外的控件：

AXML代码实现添加额外控件：

 1     <Grid Background="Black">
 2         <Grid.RowDefinitions>
 3             <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
 4             <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
 5             <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
 6             <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
 7             <RowDefinition Height="60"/>
 8         </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 9         <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
10             <ColumnDefinition/>
11             <ColumnDefinition/>
12         </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
13         
14         <Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Entry your First Data:</Label>
15         <TextBox Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit1" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="0" TextAlignment="Right"/>
16         
17         <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Entry your Second Data:</Label>
18         <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit2" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="0" TextAlignment="Right"/>
19         
20         <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Your Result:</Label>
21         <TextBox Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit3" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" IsReadOnly="True" TextAlignment="Right"/>
22         
23         <Label Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Method Entry: +,  -,  *,  /</Label>
24         <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit4" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="+" TextAlignment="Center" />
25         
26         <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0" Name="submit" Click="Click_submiit" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Center" >Get Result</Button>
27         <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="1" Name="Clear" Click="Click_clean" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Center">Reset Deft</Button>
28     </Grid>

接着，我们开始运算编程：

在cs文件中添加命名空间 using System.Runtime.InteropServices; 这个服务主要是提供了相应的类或者方法来支持托管/非托管模块间的互相调用。
DllImportAttribute 该类提供了对非托管动态链接库进行引用的方法，并告诉编译器该程序的静态入口点是非托管的动态连接库，它的静态属性提供了对非托管动态链接库进行调用所必需的信息，作为最基本的要求，该类应该定义提供调用的非托管动态链接库的名称。 [DllImport(@"F:MiloLu2015vsC#cppDllDebugcppDll.dll", EntryPoint = "Calculation", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)] 参数1代表我们dll动态库文件的存放位置，当然如果将dll复制到项目下indebug下就直接更改为 [DllImport("cppDll.dll", EntryPoint = "Calculation", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)] 即可。
定义静态外部dll接口函数作为我们的入口函数： public static extern double calculation(double a, double b, char c); 这里与我们C++调用dll接口函数定义是一样，名称可以更改，但参数数目必须与dll定义的一样多。否则我们调用的过程中可能会导致程序出错。

下面我们实现按键点击事件：

复位按键事件：

private void Click_clean(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            m_edit1.Text = m_edit2.Text = m_edit3.Text = "0";
            m_edit4.Text = "+";
        }

运算按键事件：

private void Click_submiit(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                double a = Convert.ToDouble(m_edit1.Text);
                double b = Convert.ToDouble(m_edit2.Text);
                char c = Convert.ToChar(m_edit4.Text);
                double result = calculation(a, b, c);
                m_edit3.Text = result.ToString();
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }

注意这里我们运用了 system.convert 类，将编辑框内容强制进行转换，这可能会导致异常风险，例如当编辑框1输入的是非数字字符，那么转换就会失败，导致程序崩溃。为了避免这种情况的发生，我们加入异常处理 try.... catch.... 在异常情况下打印异常信息。

完整代码：

AXML:

  1 <Window x:Class="WpfControls.MainWindow"
  2         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  3         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
  4         Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="525" >
  5     <Window.Resources>
  6         <!--define glass gradient stop resource-->
  7         <GradientStopCollection x:Key="myGradientStopResource">
  8             <GradientStop Color="WhiteSmoke" Offset="0.2"/>
  9             <GradientStop Color="Transparent" Offset="0.4"/>
 10             <GradientStop Color="WhiteSmoke" Offset="0.5"/>
 11             <GradientStop Color="Transparent" Offset=" 0.75"/>
 12             <GradientStop Color="WhiteSmoke" Offset="0.9"/>
 13             <GradientStop Color="Transparent" Offset=" 1.0"/>
 14         </GradientStopCollection>
 15 
 16         <!--define gradient brush resource-->
 17         <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="myGlassBrushResource" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint=" 1,1" Opacity="0.75"
 18                              GradientStops="{StaticResource myGradientStopResource }"/>
 19 
 20         <!--background brush resource-->
 21         <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="grayBlueGradientBrush" StartPoint=" 0,0" EndPoint="1,1">
 22             <GradientStop Color="Gray" Offset="0"/>
 23             <GradientStop Color="Cyan" Offset="0.5"/>
 24             <GradientStop Color="Gold" Offset="1.0"/>
 25         </LinearGradientBrush>
 26 
 27         <!--define button options-->
 28         <Style TargetType="Button">
 29             <!--define button background-->
 30             <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource grayBlueGradientBrush}"/>
 31             <!--define button template-->
 32             <Setter Property="Template">
 33                 <Setter.Value>
 34                     <!--target type is button-->
 35                     <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
 36                         <Grid Margin="-26,0,-56,2">
 37                             <!--outline rectangle-->
 38                             <Rectangle x:Name="outerRectangle" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
 39                                        VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Stroke="{TemplateBinding Background}"
 40                                        RadiusX="20" RadiusY="20" StrokeThickness="10" Fill="Transparent"/>
 41                             <!--inner rectangle-->
 42                             <Rectangle x:Name="innerRectangle" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
 43                                        VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Stroke="Transparent"
 44                                        RadiusX="20" RadiusY="20" StrokeThickness="10" Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}"/>
 45                             <!--glass rectangle-->
 46                             <Rectangle x:Name="glassCube" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
 47                                        VerticalAlignment="Stretch" StrokeThickness="2"
 48                                        RadiusX="10" RadiusY="10" Opacity="0" 
 49                                        Fill="{StaticResource myGlassBrushResource}"
 50                                        RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,0.5" Margin="0">
 51                                 <!--rectangle stroke-->
 52                                 <Rectangle.Stroke>
 53                                     <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint=" 0.5,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
 54                                         <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
 55                                             <GradientStop Color="LightBlue" Offset="0.0"/>
 56                                             <GradientStop Color="Gray" Offset="1.0"/>
 57                                         </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
 58                                     </LinearGradientBrush>
 59                                 </Rectangle.Stroke>
 60                                 <!--glass rectangle render transform-->
 61                                 <Rectangle.RenderTransform>
 62                                     <TransformGroup>
 63                                         <!--To stretch or contact horizontally or vertially-->
 64                                         <ScaleTransform/>
 65                                         <!--rotate transform by angles-->
 66                                         <RotateTransform/>
 67                                     </TransformGroup>
 68                                 </Rectangle.RenderTransform>
 69                             </Rectangle>
 70                             <!--dock panel-->
 71                             <DockPanel Name="myContentPresenterDockPanel">
 72                                 <ContentPresenter x:Name="myContentPresent" Margin="20"
 73                                                   Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" TextBlock.Foreground="Black"/>
 74                             </DockPanel>
 75                         </Grid>
 76                         <!--control template-->
 77                         <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
 78                             <!--mouse over trigger-->
 79                             <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
 80                                 <!--rectangle stroke-->
 81                                 <Setter Property="Rectangle.Stroke" TargetName="outerRectangle"
 82                                         Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}}"/>
 83                                 <Setter Property="Rectangle.Opacity" Value="1" TargetName="glassCube"/>
 84                             </Trigger>
 85                             <!--Mouse focused trigger-->
 86                             <Trigger Property="IsFocused" Value="True">
 87                                 <Setter Property="Rectangle.Stroke" TargetName="innerRectangle"
 88                                         Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}}"/>
 89                                 <Setter Property="Rectangle.Opacity" Value="1" TargetName="glassCube"/>
 90                             </Trigger>
 91                             <!--Event trigger mouse enter-->
 92                             <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseEnter">
 93                                 <!--actions-->
 94                                 <EventTrigger.Actions>
 95                                     <!--begin story board-->
 96                                     <BeginStoryboard Name="mouseEnterBeginStoryboard">
 97                                         <Storyboard>
 98                                             <!--animation-->
 99                                             <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="glassCube"
100                                                              Storyboard.TargetProperty=
101                                                              "(Rectangle.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)"
102                                                              By="-0.1" Duration="0:0:0.5" />
103                                             <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="glassCube"
104                                                              Storyboard.TargetProperty=
105                                                              "(Rectangle.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleY)"
106                                                              By="-0.1" Duration="0:0:0.5" />
107                                         </Storyboard>
108                                     </BeginStoryboard>
109                                 </EventTrigger.Actions>
110                             </EventTrigger>
111                             <!--event trigger mouse leave-->
112                             <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseLeave">
113                                 <EventTrigger.Actions>
114                                     <StopStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="mouseEnterBeginStoryboard"/>
115                                 </EventTrigger.Actions>
116                             </EventTrigger>
117                             <!--event trigger button click-->
118                             <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Button.Click">
119                                 <EventTrigger.Actions>
120                                     <BeginStoryboard>
121                                         <Storyboard>
122                                             <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="glassCube"
123                                                              Storyboard.TargetProperty=
124                                                              "(Rectangle.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[1].(RotateTransform.Angle)"
125                                                              By="360" Duration="0:0:0.5"/>
126                                         </Storyboard>
127                                     </BeginStoryboard>
128                                 </EventTrigger.Actions>
129                             </EventTrigger>
130                         </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
131                     </ControlTemplate>
132                 </Setter.Value>
133             </Setter>
134         </Style>
135 
136     </Window.Resources>
137     <Grid Background="Black">
138         <Grid.RowDefinitions>
139             <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
140             <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
141             <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
142             <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
143             <RowDefinition Height="60"/>
144         </Grid.RowDefinitions>
145         <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
146             <ColumnDefinition/>
147             <ColumnDefinition/>
148         </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
149         
150         <Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Entry your First Data:</Label>
151         <TextBox Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit1" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="0" TextAlignment="Right"/>
152         
153         <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Entry your Second Data:</Label>
154         <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit2" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="0" TextAlignment="Right"/>
155         
156         <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Your Result:</Label>
157         <TextBox Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit3" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" IsReadOnly="True" TextAlignment="Right"/>
158         
159         <Label Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="White" HorizontalAlignment="Right">Method Entry: +,  -,  *,  /</Label>
160         <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Name="m_edit4" Margin="0,5,10,5" Background="BurlyWood" Text="+" TextAlignment="Center" />
161         
162         <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0" Name="submit" Click="Click_submiit" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Center" >Get Result</Button>
163         <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="1" Name="Clear" Click="Click_clean" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Center">Reset Deft</Button>
164     </Grid>
165 </Window>

cs完整代码：

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.Linq;
 4 using System.Text;
 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 6 using System.Windows;
 7 using System.Windows.Controls;
 8 using System.Windows.Data;
 9 using System.Windows.Documents;
10 using System.Windows.Input;
11 using System.Windows.Media;
12 using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
13 using System.Windows.Navigation;
14 using System.Windows.Shapes;
15 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
16 
17 namespace WpfControls
18 {
19     /// <summary>
20     /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
21     /// </summary>
22     public partial class MainWindow : Window
23     {
24         [DllImport(@"F:MiloLu2015vsC#cppDllDebugcppDll.dll", EntryPoint = "Calculation", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
25         public static extern double calculation(double a, double b, char c);
26         public MainWindow()
27         {
28             InitializeComponent();
29         }
30 
31         private void Click_submiit(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
32         {
33             try
34             {
35                 double a = Convert.ToDouble(m_edit1.Text);
36                 double b = Convert.ToDouble(m_edit2.Text);
37                 char c = Convert.ToChar(m_edit4.Text);
38                 double result = calculation(a, b, c);
39                 m_edit3.Text = result.ToString();
40             }
41             catch(Exception ex)
42             {
43                 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
44             }
45         }
46 
47         private void Click_clean(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
48         {
49             m_edit1.Text = m_edit2.Text = m_edit3.Text = "0";
50             m_edit4.Text = "+";
51         }
52     }
53 }

编译运行：

输入对应的运算符，就可以实现我们的对应的加减乘除运算。整体看起，既有动态效果，又有运算.....至此，对应动态库的运用我们有了初步的了解。

End.

谢谢.