Gateway
geteway三大核心
- 路由
- 断言
- 过滤
依赖
<!--springcloud gateway-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
cloud-gateway-gateway9527快速搭建
- POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-gateway-gateway9527</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--springcloud gateway-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--eureka client-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--devtools-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
- YML
server:
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: cloud-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能，利用微服务名进行路由
routes:
- id: payment_routh #路由的ID，没有固定的规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名
#uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
- Path=/payment/get/** #断言，路径相匹配进行路由
- id: payment_routh2 #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求统一，建议配合服务名
#uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
- Path=/payment/lb/** #断言，路径相匹配的进行路由
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: true # 是否将自己注册进eurekaServer，默认true
fetchRegistry: true #是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息，默认为true。单节点无所谓，集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka #单机版
#defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版
instance:
hostname: cloud-gateway-service
- 主启动
package com.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableEurekaClient
public class GatewayMain9527 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(GatewayMain9527.class, args);
}
}
路由
Gateway网关路由有两种配置方法：
- 在配置文件yml中配置
server:
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: cloud-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能，利用微服务名进行路由
routes:
- id: payment_routh #路由的ID，没有固定的规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名
#uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
- Path=/payment/get/** #断言，路径相匹配进行路由
- id: payment_routh2 #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求统一，建议配合服务名
#uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
- Path=/payment/lb/** #断言，路径相匹配的进行路由
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: true # 是否将自己注册进eurekaServer，默认true
fetchRegistry: true #是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息，默认为true。单节点无所谓，集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka #单机版
#defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版
instance:
hostname: cloud-gateway-service
- 代码中注入RouteLocator的Bean
package com.example.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class GatewayConfig {
@Bean
public RouteLocator sustomRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder) {
RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = routeLocatorBuilder.routes();
routes.route("path_route_atguigu", r -> r.path("/guonei").uri("http://news.baidu.com/guonei")).build();
return routes.build();
}
}
断言
Spring Cloud Gateway将路由匹配作为Spring WebFlux HandlerMapping基础架构的一部分。
Spring Cloud Gateway包括许多内置Route Predicate工厂。所以这些Predicate都与HTTP请求的不同属性匹配。多个Route Predicate工厂可以进行组合。
Spring Cloud Gateway创建Route对象时，使用RoutePredicateFactory创建 Predicate对象，Predicate对象可以赋值给Route。Spring Cloud Gateway 包含许多内置的Route Predicate Factories。
所有这些谓词都匹配HTTP请求的不同属性。多种谓词工厂可以进行组合，并通过逻辑and。
说白了，Predicate就是为了实现一组匹配规则，让请求过来找到对应的Route进行处理
过滤
-
两个主要接口
imolements GlobalFilter,Ordered
-
能干嘛
全局日志记录、统一网关鉴权等
-
案例代码
package com.example.filter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import java.util.Date;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MyLogGateWayFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
log.info("********come in MyLogGatewayFilter：" + new Date());
String uname = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("uname");
if (uname == null) {
log.info("***** 用户名为null，非法用户！！！");
exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.NOT_ACCEPTABLE);
return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
}
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
@Override
public int getOrder() {
return 0;
}
}