利用贝塞尔曲线绘制(UIBezierPath)自定义iOS动态速度表,可以自定义刻度,刻度值,进度条样式

GitHubDemo下载地址

使用UIBezierPath画图步骤:

  1. 创建一个UIBezierPath对象
  2. 调用-moveToPoint:设置初始线段的起点
  3. 添加线或者曲线去定义一个或者多个子路径

改变UIBezierPath对象跟绘图相关的属性。如,我们可以设置画笔的属性、填充样式等

UIBezierPath创建方法介绍

我们先看看UIBezierPath类提供了哪些创建方式,这些都是工厂方法,直接使用即可。

+ (instancetype)bezierPath;
+ (instancetype)bezierPathWithRect:(CGRect)rect;
+ (instancetype)bezierPathWithOvalInRect:(CGRect)rect;
+ (instancetype)bezierPathWithRoundedRect:(CGRect)rect
                             cornerRadius:(CGFloat)cornerRadius;
+ (instancetype)bezierPathWithRoundedRect:(CGRect)rect
                        byRoundingCorners:(UIRectCorner)corners
                              cornerRadii:(CGSize)cornerRadii;
+ (instancetype)bezierPathWithArcCenter:(CGPoint)center
                                 radius:(CGFloat)radius
                             startAngle:(CGFloat)startAngle
                               endAngle:(CGFloat)endAngle
                              clockwise:(BOOL)clockwise;
+ (instancetype)bezierPathWithCGPath:(CGPathRef)CGPath;

本文主要是利用下面的方法绘制圆形,进而形成动态的速度表盘形式:

+ (instancetype)bezierPathWithArcCenter:(CGPoint)center
                                 radius:(CGFloat)radius
                             startAngle:(CGFloat)startAngle
                               endAngle:(CGFloat)endAngle
                              clockwise:(BOOL)clockwise;

这个工厂方法用于画弧,参数说明如下:

  1. center: 弧线中心点的坐标
  2. radius: 弧线所在圆的半径
  3. startAngle: 弧线开始的角度值
  4. endAngle: 弧线结束的角度值
  5. clockwise: 是否顺时针画弧线
UIBezierPath* outArc=[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:LuCenter radius:self.arcRadius startAngle:startAngle endAngle:endAngle clockwise:YES];
    CAShapeLayer* shapeLayer=[CAShapeLayer layer];
    shapeLayer.lineWidth=lineWitdth;
    shapeLayer.fillColor=filleColor.CGColor;
    shapeLayer.strokeColor=strokeColor.CGColor;
    shapeLayer.path=outArc.CGPath;
    shapeLayer.lineCap=kCALineCapRound;
    [self.layer addSublayer:shapeLayer];

CAShapeLayer有着几点很重要(使用CAShapeLayer与UIBezierPath可以实现不在view的drawRect方法中就画出一些想要的图形):

  1. 它依附于一个给定的path,必须给与path,而且,即使path不完整也会自动首尾相接

  2. strokeStart以及strokeEnd代表着在这个path中所占用的百分比

  3. CAShapeLayer动画仅仅限于沿着边缘的动画效果,它实现不了填充效果

 下面介绍一下速度表盘的实现过程:

  1. 画外围弧度
    /**
     *  画弧度
     *
     *  @param startAngle  开始角度
     *  @param endAngle    结束角度
     *  @param lineWitdth  线宽
     *  @param filleColor  扇形填充颜色
     *  @param strokeColor 弧线颜色
     */
    -(void)drawArcWithStartAngle:(CGFloat)startAngle endAngle:(CGFloat)endAngle lineWidth:(CGFloat)lineWitdth fillColor:(UIColor*)filleColor strokeColor:(UIColor*)strokeColor{
        //保存弧线宽度,开始角度,结束角度
        self.lineWidth=lineWitdth;
        self.startAngle=startAngle;
        self.endAngle=endAngle;
        self.arcAngle=endAngle-startAngle;
        self.arcRadius=Calculate_radius;
        self.scaleRadius=self.arcRadius-self.lineWidth;
        self.scaleValueRadius=self.scaleRadius-self.lineWidth;
        self.speedLabel.text=@"0%";
        
        
        UIBezierPath* outArc=[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:LuCenter radius:self.arcRadius startAngle:startAngle endAngle:endAngle clockwise:YES];
        CAShapeLayer* shapeLayer=[CAShapeLayer layer];
        shapeLayer.lineWidth=lineWitdth;
        shapeLayer.fillColor=filleColor.CGColor;
        shapeLayer.strokeColor=strokeColor.CGColor;
        shapeLayer.path=outArc.CGPath;
        shapeLayer.lineCap=kCALineCapRound;
        [self.layer addSublayer:shapeLayer];
    }
  2. 绘制刻度,可以实现任意等分
    /**
     *  画刻度
     *
     *  @param divide      刻度几等分
     *  @param remainder   刻度数
     *  @param strokeColor 轮廓填充颜色
     *  @param fillColor   刻度颜色
     */
    -(void)drawScaleWithDivide:(int)divide andRemainder:(NSInteger)remainder strokeColor:(UIColor*)strokeColor filleColor:(UIColor*)fillColor scaleLineNormalWidth:(CGFloat)scaleLineNormalWidth scaleLineBigWidth:(CGFloat)scaleLineBigWidth{
        
        CGFloat perAngle=self.arcAngle/divide;
        //我们需要计算出每段弧线的起始角度和结束角度
        //这里我们从- M_PI 开始,我们需要理解与明白的是我们画的弧线与内侧弧线是同一个圆心
        for (NSInteger i = 0; i<= divide; i++) {
            
            CGFloat startAngel = (self.startAngle+ perAngle * i);
            CGFloat endAngel   = startAngel + perAngle/5;
            
            UIBezierPath *tickPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:LuCenter radius:self.scaleRadius startAngle:startAngel endAngle:endAngel clockwise:YES];
            CAShapeLayer *perLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
            
            if((remainder!=0)&&(i % remainder) == 0) {
                perLayer.strokeColor = strokeColor.CGColor;
                perLayer.lineWidth   = scaleLineBigWidth;
                
            }else{
                perLayer.strokeColor = strokeColor.CGColor;;
                perLayer.lineWidth   = scaleLineNormalWidth;
                
            }
            
            perLayer.path = tickPath.CGPath;
            [self.layer addSublayer:perLayer];
            
        }
    }
  3. 绘制刻度值,刻度值可以按照任意数值等分
    /**
     *  画刻度值,逆时针设定label的值,将整个仪表切分为N份,每次递增仪表盘弧度的N分之1
     *
     *  @param divide 刻度值几等分
     */
    -(void)DrawScaleValueWithDivide:(NSInteger)divide{
        CGFloat textAngel =self.arcAngle/divide;
        if (divide==0) {
            return;
        }
        for (NSUInteger i = 0; i <= divide; i++) {
            CGPoint point = [self calculateTextPositonWithArcCenter:LuCenter Angle:-(self.endAngle-textAngel*i)];
            NSString *tickText = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld%%",(divide - i)*100/divide];
            //默认label的大小23 * 14
            UILabel *text = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(point.x - 8, point.y - 7, 30, 14)];
            text.text = tickText;
            text.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:10.f];
            text.textColor = [UIColor redColor];
            text.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;
            [self addSubview:text];
        }
    }
    //默认计算半径-10,计算label的坐标
    - (CGPoint)calculateTextPositonWithArcCenter:(CGPoint)center
                                           Angle:(CGFloat)angel
    {
        CGFloat x = (self.scaleValueRadius+3*self.lineWidth)* cosf(angel);
        CGFloat y = (self.scaleValueRadius+3*self.lineWidth)* sinf(angel);
        return CGPointMake(center.x + x, center.y - y);
    }
  4. 进度条曲线
    /**
     *  进度条曲线
     *
     *  @param fillColor   填充颜色
     *  @param strokeColor 轮廓颜色
     */
    - (void)drawProgressCicrleWithfillColor:(UIColor*)fillColor strokeColor:(UIColor*)strokeColor{
        UIBezierPath *progressPath  = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:LuCenter radius:self.arcRadius startAngle:self.startAngle endAngle:self.endAngle clockwise:YES];
        CAShapeLayer *progressLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
        self.progressLayer = progressLayer;
        progressLayer.lineWidth = self.lineWidth+0.25f;
        progressLayer.fillColor = fillColor.CGColor;
        progressLayer.strokeColor = strokeColor.CGColor;
        progressLayer.path = progressPath.CGPath;
        progressLayer.strokeStart = 0;
        progressLayer.strokeEnd = 0.0;
        progressLayer.lineCap=kCALineCapRound;
        [self.layer addSublayer:progressLayer];
    }
  5. 为进度条添加渐变图层,图层颜色是从左向右渐变
    /**
     *  添加渐变图层
     *
     *  @param colorGradArray 颜色数组,如果想达到红-黄-红效果,数组应该是红,黄,红
     */
    -(void)setColorGrad:(NSArray*)colorGradArray{
        //渐变图层
        CALayer *gradientLayer = [CALayer layer];
        CAGradientLayer *gradientLayer1 =  [CAGradientLayer layer];
        //增加渐变图层,frame为当前layer的frame
        gradientLayer1.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, self.bounds.size.width, self.bounds.size.height);
        [gradientLayer1 setColors:colorGradArray];
        [gradientLayer1 setStartPoint:CGPointMake(0, 1)];
        [gradientLayer1 setEndPoint:CGPointMake(1, 1)];
        [gradientLayer addSublayer:gradientLayer1];
        
        [gradientLayer setMask:_progressLayer]; //用progressLayer来截取渐变层
        [self.layer addSublayer:gradientLayer];
    }

    个人写代码喜欢添加注释,可是在奈何文笔不行,表达不清,请移步到我的GitHub上下载Demo,如果有什么问题也可以给我发邮件,评论探讨。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/luerniu/p/5808854.html