Ubuntu18.04更换国内源

Ubuntu18.04更换国内源

备份/etc/apt/sources.list文件

#阿里云源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sourses.list.backup

新建/etc/apt/sources.list文件并添加以下内容

出现没有安装vim的情况下，

1. 我在安装vim前已经 apt-get update 但是还是出现以下报错：

   Reading package lists... Done
   Building dependency tree
   Reading state information... Done
   E: Unable to locate package vim
   

2. 所以必须进行配置新的源，但是没有vim又没办法对配置文件进行修改，故采用以下方法进行修改

   echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie main non-free contrib" >/etc/apt/sources.list
   echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie-proposed-updates main non-free contrib" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
   echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie main non-free contrib" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
   echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie-proposed-updates main non-free contrib" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
   

   采用管道命令进行添加配置信息

3. 更改完成之后执行以下命令

   apt update
   apt upgrade
   

4. 其他的一些apt命令

   sudo apt-get update  更新源
   sudo apt-get install package 安装包
   sudo apt-get remove package 删除包
   sudo apt-cache search package 搜索软件包
   sudo apt-cache show package  获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等
   sudo apt-get install package --reinstall  重新安装包
   sudo apt-get -f install  修复安装
   sudo apt-get remove package --purge 删除包，包括配置文件等
   sudo apt-get build-dep package 安装相关的编译环境
   sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安装的包
   sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统
   sudo apt-cache depends package 了解使用该包依赖那些包
   sudo apt-cache rdepends package 查看该包被哪些包依赖
   sudo apt-get source package  下载该包的源代码
   sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean 清理无用的包
   sudo apt-get check 检查是否有损坏的依赖
   

   其他几个国内的源：

   #中科大源
   deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   
   #阿里云源
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   
   #清华源
   deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse