c# MVC5（二） MVC与IOC结合

今天主要来讲解使用Unity来自动注入。Unity前面我们已经详细的介绍过了，如有需要请自行前往去看，今天我们的重点是说MVC与IOC的结合。

IOC：控制反转，控制反转的工具是DI(依赖注入：构造函数注入--属性注入--方法注入(按时间顺序)),DI使用的工具是Unity容器。

一：新增mvc项目，然后nuget添加引用

1   <package id="Unity" version="5.10.3" targetFramework="net45" />
2   <package id="Unity.Abstractions" version="4.1.3" targetFramework="net45" />
3   <package id="Unity.Configuration" version="5.10.0" targetFramework="net45" />
4   <package id="Unity.Container" version="5.10.3" targetFramework="net45" />
5   <package id="Unity.Interception" version="5.10.1" targetFramework="net45" />
6   <package id="Unity.Interception.Configuration" version="5.10.0" targetFramework="net45" />

二：新增文件夹CfgFiles新增一个unity.config文件，具体代码和注释如下：

 1 <configuration>
 2   <configSections>
 3     <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Unity.Configuration"/>
 4   </configSections>
 5   <unity>
 6     <sectionExtension type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension.Configuration.InterceptionConfigurationExtension, Unity.Interception.Configuration"/>
 7     <containers>
 8       <container name="ruanmouContainer">
 9         <extension type="Interception"/>
10         <!--<register type="命名空间.接口类型2,程序集" mapTo="命名空间.实现类型2,程序集" />-->
11         <register type="System.Data.Entity.DbContext, EntityFramework" mapTo="Ruanmou.EF.Model.JDDbContext, Ruanmou.EF.Model"/>
12        
13         <register type="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface.IUserCompanyService,Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface" mapTo="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service.UserCompanyService, Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service">
14           <interceptor type="InterfaceInterceptor"/>
15         </register>
16         
17         <register type="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface.IUserService,Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface" mapTo="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service.UserService, Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service">
18           <interceptor type="InterfaceInterceptor"/>
19           <interceptionBehavior type="Ruanmou.Project.AOP.LogBeforeBehavior, Ruanmou.MVC5"/>
20           <interceptionBehavior type="Ruanmou.Project.AOP.LogAfterBehavior, Ruanmou.MVC5"/>
21         </register>
22         
23         <register type="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface.ICompanyService,Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface" mapTo="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service.CompanyService, Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service">
24           <interceptor type="InterfaceInterceptor"/>
25         </register>
26       </container>
27     </containers>
28   </unity>
29 </configuration>

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需要注意的是：

1：一定在unity.config的属性中设置：复制到输出目录一定要设置：始终复制，这样做的目的是每次重新生成，会把这个untiy.config文件copy到bin目录下面。保证每次都是使用的是最新的。

2：下面这两个类是AOP拦截器需要的，如果需要的话则新增这些实体类，不需要的则直接删除掉。

三：新增读取unity.config配置文件类DIFactory，代码如下：

 1  public class DIFactory
 2  {
 3      private static IUnityContainer container = null;
 4      static DIFactory()
 5      {
 6          ExeConfigurationFileMap fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();
 7          fileMap.ExeConfigFilename = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "CfgFiles\Unity.Config");
 8          Configuration configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
 9          UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)configuration.GetSection(UnityConfigurationSection.SectionName);
10          container = new UnityContainer();
11          section.Configure(container, "ruanmouContainer");
12      }
13 
14      public static IUnityContainer GetContainer()
15      {
16          return container;
17      }        
18  }

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四：新增defaultController类的子类DIControllerFactory来进行重新，具体代码如下：

 1 public class DIControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory
 2 {
 3     private Logger logger = new Logger(typeof(DIControllerFactory));
 4 
 5     protected override IController GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType)
 6     {
 7         this.logger.Warn($"{controllerType.Name}被构造...");
 8 
 9         IUnityContainer container = DIFactory.GetContainer();
10         //return base.GetControllerInstance(requestContext, controllerType);
11         return (IController)container.Resolve(controllerType);
12     }
13 }

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五：在Global.asax中指定控制器为当前新增的控制器DIControllerFactory，代码如下：

 1  public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
 2  {
 3      private Logger logger = new Logger(typeof(MvcApplication));
 4      protected void Application_Start()
 5      {
 6 
 7          AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();//注册区域
 8          FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);//注册全局的Filter
 9          RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);//注册路由
10          BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);//合并压缩 ，打包工具 Combres
11 
12          ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new DIControllerFactory());
13 
14          this.logger.Info("网站启动了。。。");
15      }
16  }

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六：上面的准备工作已经做好了，下面来测试使用：

 1   public class ThirdController : Controller
 2   {
 3       private IUserService _iUserService = null;
 4       private ICompanyService _iCompanyService = null;
 5       private IUserCompanyService _iUserCompanyService = null;
 6       /// <summary>
 7       /// 构造函数注入---控制器得是由容器来实例化
 8       /// </summary>
 9       /// <param name="userService"></param>
10       /// <param name="companyService"></param>
11       /// <param name="userCompanyService"></param>
12       public ThirdController(IUserService userService, ICompanyService companyService, IUserCompanyService userCompanyService)
13       {
14           this._iUserService = userService;
15           this._iCompanyService = companyService;
16           this._iUserCompanyService = userCompanyService;
17 
18           
19       }
20 
21 
22       // GET: Third
23       public ActionResult Index()
24       {
25           IUserService service = this._iUserService;
26           User user = service.Find<User>(2);
27           return View();
28       }
29   }

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通过以上6个步骤则完成了IOC与MVC的完美结合，以后不用每次在new 一个业务类了。可以在初始化控制器的时候进行初始化那些业务类。