二十三. Django Form组件局部钩子与全局钩子 和注册页面使用

一. Form组件  注册页面使用

https://www.jianshu.com/p/7e61160dc689

https://download.csdn.net/download/baobao267/10722491   Django之Form表单验证及Ajax验证方式汇总

Django Form所有内置字段

Field
    required=True,               是否允许为空
    widget=None,                 HTML插件
    label=None,                  用于生成Label标签或显示内容
    initial=None,                初始值
    help_text='',                帮助信息(在标签旁边显示)
    error_messages=None,         错误信息 {'required': '不能为空', 'invalid': '格式错误'}
    validators=[],               自定义验证规则
    localize=False,              是否支持本地化
    disabled=False,              是否可以编辑
    label_suffix=None            Label内容后缀
 
 
CharField(Field)
    max_length=None,             最大长度
    min_length=None,             最小长度
    strip=True                   是否移除用户输入空白
 
IntegerField(Field)
    max_value=None,              最大值
    min_value=None,              最小值
 
FloatField(IntegerField)
    ...
 
DecimalField(IntegerField)
    max_value=None,              最大值
    min_value=None,              最小值
    max_digits=None,             总长度
    decimal_places=None,         小数位长度
 
BaseTemporalField(Field)
    input_formats=None          时间格式化   
 
DateField(BaseTemporalField)    格式：2015-09-01
TimeField(BaseTemporalField)    格式：11:12
DateTimeField(BaseTemporalField)格式：2015-09-01 11:12
 
DurationField(Field)            时间间隔：%d %H:%M:%S.%f
    ...
 
RegexField(CharField)
    regex,                      自定制正则表达式
    max_length=None,            最大长度
    min_length=None,            最小长度
    error_message=None,         忽略，错误信息使用 error_messages={'invalid': '...'}
 
EmailField(CharField)      
    ...
 
FileField(Field)
    allow_empty_file=False     是否允许空文件
 
ImageField(FileField)      
    ...
    注：需要PIL模块，pip3 install Pillow
    以上两个字典使用时，需要注意两点：
        - form表单中 enctype="multipart/form-data"
        - view函数中 obj = MyForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
 
URLField(Field)
    ...
 
 
BooleanField(Field)  
    ...
 
NullBooleanField(BooleanField)
    ...
 
ChoiceField(Field)
    ...
    choices=(),                选项，如：choices = ((0,'上海'),(1,'北京'),)
    required=True,             是否必填
    widget=None,               插件，默认select插件
    label=None,                Label内容
    initial=None,              初始值
    help_text='',              帮助提示
 
 
ModelChoiceField(ChoiceField)
    ...                        django.forms.models.ModelChoiceField
    queryset,                  # 查询数据库中的数据
    empty_label="---------",   # 默认空显示内容
    to_field_name=None,        # HTML中value的值对应的字段
    limit_choices_to=None      # ModelForm中对queryset二次筛选
     
ModelMultipleChoiceField(ModelChoiceField)
    ...                        django.forms.models.ModelMultipleChoiceField
 
 
     
TypedChoiceField(ChoiceField)
    coerce = lambda val: val   对选中的值进行一次转换
    empty_value= ''            空值的默认值
 
MultipleChoiceField(ChoiceField)
    ...
 
TypedMultipleChoiceField(MultipleChoiceField)
    coerce = lambda val: val   对选中的每一个值进行一次转换
    empty_value= ''            空值的默认值
 
ComboField(Field)
    fields=()                  使用多个验证，如下：即验证最大长度20，又验证邮箱格式
                               fields.ComboField(fields=[fields.CharField(max_length=20), fields.EmailField(),])
 
MultiValueField(Field)
    PS: 抽象类，子类中可以实现聚合多个字典去匹配一个值，要配合MultiWidget使用
 
SplitDateTimeField(MultiValueField)
    input_date_formats=None,   格式列表：['%Y--%m--%d', '%m%d/%Y', '%m/%d/%y']
    input_time_formats=None    格式列表：['%H:%M:%S', '%H:%M:%S.%f', '%H:%M']
 
FilePathField(ChoiceField)     文件选项，目录下文件显示在页面中
    path,                      文件夹路径
    match=None,                正则匹配
    recursive=False,           递归下面的文件夹
    allow_files=True,          允许文件
    allow_folders=False,       允许文件夹
    required=True,
    widget=None,
    label=None,
    initial=None,
    help_text=''
 
GenericIPAddressField
    protocol='both',           both,ipv4,ipv6支持的IP格式
    unpack_ipv4=False          解析ipv4地址，如果是::ffff:192.0.2.1时候，可解析为192.0.2.1， PS：protocol必须为both才能启用
 
SlugField(CharField)           数字，字母，下划线，减号（连字符）
    ...
 
UUIDField(CharField)           uuid类型

Django Form内置字段

我们之前在HTML页面中利用form表单向后端提交数据时，都会写一些获取用户输入的标签并且用form标签把它们包起来。

与此同时我们在好多场景下都需要对用户的输入做校验，比如校验用户是否输入，输入的长度和格式等正不正确。如果用户输入的内容有错误就需要在页面
上相应的位置显示对应的错误信息.。
Django form组件就实现了上面所述的功能。
总结一下，其实form组件的主要功能如下:
生成页面可用的HTML标签
对用户提交的数据进行校验
保留上次输入内容

1. FORM组件渲染方式一(可以使用但是不会保留上次输入正确的值会清空)

models

from django.db import models
# Create your models here.

class UserInfo(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()
    tel=models.CharField(max_length=32)

views

from django.forms import widgets
from myapp import models
from django.forms import fields
from django import forms

注意 : form组件字段名必须和模板中input的name="" 属性名一样   还要和model字段名一样  例如标记的 name

class Forms(forms.Form):
    name=forms.CharField(min_length=2,required=True,error_messages={
        "required":"不能为空！！！",
        "min_length":"用户不得低于2位！！"
    })
    pwd=forms.CharField(min_length=3,required=True,error_messages={
        "min_length":"密码不得低于3位！！",
        'required':'密码不能为空',
    })
    email=forms.EmailField(min_length=2,required=True,error_messages={
        "invalid":"格式错误",
        "min_length":"密码不得低于两位！！",
        'required': '邮件不能为空',

    })
    tel=forms.IntegerField(required=True,error_messages={
        "invalid":"格式错误",
        'required': '电话不能为空'
    })


def reg(request):
  if request.method=="POST":
      form_li = Forms(request.POST)  # 绑定上面类定义中的验证信息
      if  form_li.is_valid():   # 是否验证 is_valid()
          print (form_li.cleaned_data,"11111111111111")
          models.UserInfo.objects.create(**form_li.cleaned_data)   所有验证正确写入数据库
          return HttpResponse("ok")
      
      else:
        print (form_li.errors)
        print (form_li.errors.get("name"))
        err=form_li.errors
        return render(request,"login.html",{"err":err})
  else:
      form=Forms()
      return render(request, "login.html",{"form":form})

templates

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    {% load staticfiles %}
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">、
    <title>注册页面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{%static 'css/bootstrap.min.css'%}">
    
</head>
<body>
    <h1 style="text-align: center">FORM组件注册</h1>
  <div class="container">
      <div class="row">
          <form method="post" action="/reg/" novalidate class="form-horizontal">
                 {%csrf_token %}
              <div class="form-group">
                  <label for="user"> 用户:</label>
                  <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="请输入用户名！！" class="form-control">
                  <span class="error" style="color: red">{{ err.name.0 }}</span>
              </div>

               <div class="form-group">
                   <label for="pwd"> 密码:</label>
                   <input type="text" name="pwd" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入用密码！！">
                   <span class="error" style="color: red">{{ err.pwd.0 }}</span>
              </div>

              <div class="form-group">
                   <label for="em">邮箱:</label>
                   <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入邮箱！！">
                  <span class="error" style="color: red">{{ err.email.0 }}</span>
              </div>

               <div class="form-group">
                       <label for="tel">电话:</label>
                       <input type="text" name="tel" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入电话！！">
                       <span class="error" style="color: red">{{ err.tel.0 }}</span>
              </div>


               <button type="reset" class="btn btn-warning pull-left">重置</button>
              <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right">提交</button>
            </form>
      </div>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

注意: 当用户输错之后 再次输入 上次的内容不会保留在input框   -->不会保留上次输入内容

 

2.FORM组件渲染方式二(不推荐)

templates

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    {% load staticfiles %}
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">、
    <title>注册页面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{%static 'css/bootstrap.min.css'%}">


</head>
<body>
    <h1 style="text-align: center">FORM组件注册</h1>
  <div class="container">
      <div class="row">
          <form method="post" action="/reg/" novalidate class="form-horizontal">
                   {%csrf_token %}
                  {{ form.as_p }}
               <button type="reset" class="btn btn-warning pull-left">重置</button>
              <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right">提交</button>
            </form>
      </div>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

3.FORM组件渲染 方式三(推荐 Form渲染出来的input标签  会保留上次输入正确的值 不会清空)

views

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
from django.forms import widgets
from myapp import models
from django.forms import fields
from django import forms

class Forms(forms.Form):
    name=forms.CharField(label="用户",min_length=2,initial="请输入用户名！！",required=True,error_messages={
        "required":"不能为空！！！",
        "min_length":"用户不得低于2位！！"
    },
     widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))

    pwd=forms.CharField(label="密码",min_length=3,required=True,error_messages={
        "min_length":"密码不得低于3位！！",
        'required':'密码不能为空',
    },widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))

    email=forms.EmailField(label="邮件",min_length=2,required=True,error_messages={
        "invalid":"格式错误",
        "min_length":"密码不得低于两位！！",
        'required': '邮件不能为空',

    },widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))


    tel=forms.CharField(min_length=6,label="电话",required=True,error_messages={
         "invalid":"格式错误",
         'required': '电话不能为空',
          'min_length':'不能小于6位数'
    },widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))



def reg(request):
  if request.method=="POST":

      form= Forms(request.POST)  # 绑定上面类定义中的验证信息
      if  form.is_valid():   # 是否验证 is_valid()
          print (form.cleaned_data,"11111111111111")
          models.UserInfo.objects.create(**form_li.cleaned_data)
          print (form.cleaned_data["name"], "***********")
          return HttpResponse("ok")
      else:
        err=form.errors
        print (err)
        # return render(request,"login.html",locals())
        return render(request, "login.html",{"err":err,"form":form})  #  注意这个form是有值的  格式输入正确了就保留input里面的值
  else:
      form=Forms()
      # return render(request, "login.html",locals())
      return render(request, "login.html",{"form":form})   # 这和form没有值只是负责渲染页面

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect

from django.forms import widgets
from myapp import models
from django.forms import fields
from django import forms

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse('哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈')
class Forms(forms.Form):
    name=forms.CharField(label="用户",min_length=2,initial="请输入用户名！！",required=True,error_messages={
        "required":"不能为空！！！",
        "min_length":"用户不得低于2位！！"
    },
     widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))


    pwd=forms.IntegerField(label="密码",required=True,error_messages={
        'required':'密码不能为空'
    },widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))


    email=forms.EmailField(label="邮件",min_length=2,required=True,error_messages={
        "invalid":"格式错误",
        "min_length":"密码不得低于两位！！",
        'required': '邮件不能为空',

    },widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))



    tel=forms.CharField(min_length=6,label="电话",required=True,error_messages={
         "invalid":"格式错误",
         'required': '电话不能为空',
          'min_length':'不能小于6位数'
    },widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))



def reg(request):
  if request.method=="POST":

      form= Forms(request.POST)  # 绑定上面类定义中的验证信息
      if  form.is_valid():   # 是否验证 is_valid()
          print (form.cleaned_data,"11111111111111")
          models.UserInfo.objects.create(**form.cleaned_data)
          print (form.cleaned_data["name"], "***********")
          return HttpResponse("ok")
      else:
        err=form.errors
        print (err)
        # return render(request,"login.html",locals())
        return render(request, "login.html",{"err":err,"form":form})  #  注意这个form是有值的  格式输入正确了就保留input里面的值
  else:
      form=Forms()
      # return render(request, "login.html",locals())
      return render(request, "login.html",{"form":form})   # 这和form没有值只是负责渲染除页面

templates

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    {% load staticfiles %}
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">、
    <title>注册页面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{%static 'css/bootstrap.min.css'%}">

</head>
<body>
    <h1 style="text-align: center">FORM组件注册</h1>
  <div class="container">
      <div class="row">
         <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-3">
               <form method="post" action="/reg/" novalidate >
                 {%csrf_token %}
                       用户: <p>{{ form.name }}<span class="error" style="color: red">{{ err.name.0 }}</span></p>
                       密码: <p>{{ form.pwd }}<span class="error" style="color: red">{{ err.pwd.0 }}</span> </p>
                       邮箱: <p>{{ form.email}}<span class="error" style="color: red">{{ err.email.0 }}</span> </p>
                       电话: <p>{{ form.tel}}<span class="error" style="color: red">{{ err.tel.0 }}</span> </p>
                             <input type="submit" value="提交" >
            </form>
         </div>
      </div>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

 urls

  path(r'reg/', views.reg, name='regs'),

                                         

4 .FORM组件渲染 方式三(推荐 Form渲染完全出页面  会保留上次输入正确的值 不会清空)

views


from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect

from django.forms import widgets
from myapp import models
from django.forms import fields
from django import forms

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse('哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈')




class Forms(forms.Form):

    name=forms.CharField(label="用户",min_length=2,initial="请输入用户名！！",required=True,error_messages={
        "required":"不能为空！！！",
        "min_length":"用户不得低于2位！！"
    },
     widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))



    pwd=forms.IntegerField(label="密码",required=True,error_messages={
        'required':'密码不能为空'
    },widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))


    email=forms.EmailField(label="邮件",min_length=2,required=True,error_messages={
        "invalid":"格式错误",
        "min_length":"密码不得低于两位！！",
        'required': '邮件不能为空',

    },widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))



    tel=forms.CharField(min_length=6,label="电话",required=True,error_messages={
         "invalid":"格式错误",
         'required': '电话不能为空',
          'min_length':'不能小于6位数'
    },widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))



def reg(request):
  if request.method=="POST":

      form= Forms(request.POST)  # 绑定上面类定义中的验证信息
      if  form.is_valid():   # 是否验证 is_valid()
          print (form.cleaned_data,"11111111111111")
          models.UserInfo.objects.create(**form.cleaned_data)
          print (form.cleaned_data["name"], "***********")
          return HttpResponse("ok")
      else:
        err=form.errors
        print (err)
        # return render(request,"login.html",locals())
        return render(request, "login.html",{"err":err,"form":form})  #  注意这个form是有值的  格式输入正确了就保留input里面的值
  else:
      form=Forms()
      # return render(request, "login.html",locals())
      return render(request, "login.html",{"form":form})   # 这和form没有值只是负责渲染除页面


#

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    {% load staticfiles %}
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">、
    <title>注册页面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{%static 'css/bootstrap.min.css'%}">
</head>
<body>
    <h1 style="text-align: center">FORM组件注册</h1>
  <div class="container">
      <div class="row">
         <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-3">
               <form method="post" action="/reg/" novalidate >
                 {%csrf_token %}
                   {%for filed in form %}
                   <div class="form-group">
                      <label>{{ filed.label }}:</label>
                      {{ filed }}
                       <span class="errors">{{ filed.errors.0 }}</span>
                   </div>
                   {% endfor %}
               <input type="submit" value="提交" class="btn btn-success pull-right">
            </form>
         </div>
      </div>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

二.方式四  局部钩子与全局钩子(推荐 Form渲染完全出页面  会保留上次输入正确的值 不会清空) 完美

我们在Fom类中定义 clean_字段名() 方法，就能够实现对特定字段进行校验。

我们在Fom类中定义 clean() 方法，就能够实现对字段进行全局校验。

from django.db import models
# Create your models here.

class UserInfo(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()
    tel=models.CharField(max_length=32)

  path(r'reg/', views.reg, name='regs'),

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect

from django.forms import widgets
from myapp import models
from django.forms import fields
from django import forms
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
def index(request):
    return HttpResponse('哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈')



class Forms(forms.Form):
    name=forms.CharField(label="用户",min_length=2,initial="请输入用户名！！",required=True,error_messages={
        "required":"不能为空！！！",
        "min_length":"用户不得低于2位！！"
    },
     widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))
    pwd=forms.CharField(
        label="密码",
        required=True,
        min_length = 2,
        error_messages={
        'required':'密码不能为空',
        'min_length': '标题最少为5个字符'
    },widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))

    r_pwd = forms.CharField(
        required=True,
        label="确认密码",
        min_length=2,
        error_messages={
            "required":"不能为空！！",
            'min_length': '标题最少为5个字符'
        },
        widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"})
    )

    email=forms.EmailField(label="邮件",min_length=2,required=True,error_messages={
        "invalid":"格式错误",
        "min_length":"密码不得低于两位！！",
        'required': '邮件不能为空',

    },widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))

    tel=forms.CharField(min_length=6,label="电话",required=True,error_messages={
         "invalid":"格式错误",
         'required': '电话不能为空',
          'min_length':'不能小于6位数'
    },widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}))

    # 局部钩子   clean_name
    def clean_name(self):
        val = self.cleaned_data.get("name")
        if not val.isdigit():
            return val
        else:
            raise ValidationError("用户名不能是纯数字!")

    # 定义全局的钩子， clean
    def clean(self):  # 定义全局的钩子，用来校验密码和确认密码字段是否相同
        pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("pwd")
        r_pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("r_pwd")
        if pwd == r_pwd:
            return self.cleaned_data
        else:
              raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致!')


def reg(request):
  if request.method=="POST":
      form= Forms(request.POST)  # 绑定上面类定义中的验证信息
      if  form.is_valid():   # 是否验证 is_valid()
          # models.UserInfo.objects.create(**form.cleaned_data)
          name=form.cleaned_data["name"]
          pwd = form.cleaned_data["pwd"]
          emails= form.cleaned_data["email"]
          tel = form.cleaned_data["tel"]
          print (name,pwd,emails,tel)
          models.UserInfo.objects.create(name=name,pwd=pwd,email=emails,tel =tel )
          print (form.cleaned_data, "11111111111111")
          return HttpResponse("ok")
      else:
        err=form.errors
        get_err= form.errors.get("__all__")
        print(get_err,"9999999999") # 两次密码不一致! 9999999999

        # return render(request,"login.html",locals())
        return render(request, "login.html",{"err":err,"form":form,"get_err":get_err})  #  注意这个form是有值的  格式输入正确了就保留input里面的值
  else:
      form=Forms()
      # return render(request, "login.html",locals())
      return render(request, "login.html",{"form":form})   # 这和form没有值只是负责渲染除页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    {% load staticfiles %}
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">、
    <title>注册页面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{%static 'css/bootstrap.min.css'%}">
</head>
<body>
    <h1 style="text-align: center">FORM组件注册</h1>
  <div class="container">
      <div class="row">
         <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-3">
               <form method="post" action="/reg/" novalidate >
                 {%csrf_token %}
                   {%for filed in form %}
                   <div class="form-group">
                      <label>{{ filed.label }}:</label>
                      {{ filed }}<span style="color: red" class="errors">{{ filed.errors.0 }}</span>

                       {% if filed.label == "确认密码"%}
                           <span style="color: red" class="errors">{{  get_err.0 | default:"" }}</span>
                       {% endif %}
                   </div>
                   {% endfor %}
               <input type="submit" value="提交" class="btn btn-success pull-right">
            </form>
         </div>
      </div>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

五.  其他 下拉框 单选框等 

https://www.cnblogs.com/liwenzhou/p/8747872.html

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect

from django.forms import widgets
from myapp import models
from django.forms import fields
from django import forms
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("1111")

class TestForm(forms.Form):
  user=fields.CharField(
          required=True,  # 不能为空
          max_length=12,  # 最大长度
          min_length=3,   # 最小长度
          error_messages={},           # 错误提示
          label="用户 ",
          initial="请输入用户名!!!!" ,
          widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"}),
          )

  age=fields.IntegerField(
       label="年龄 ",
                # 最小值
       error_messages={" max_value":"给定的参数太大了！！！！！"},
       widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class": "form-control"}),
    )

  email=fields.EmailField(
         label="邮件 ",
         widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={"class": "form-control"}),
    )

  img=fields.FileField(
         label="上传图片 ",
         widget=widgets.ClearableFileInput(),
    )

   # ChoiceField 选择
  city=fields.ChoiceField(
         label="城市 ",
         choices=[(1,"村长",),(2,"上海",),(3,"深圳",),(4,"广州",)],
         initial=3,
          widget=forms.widgets.Select()
    )

  bobby=fields.MultipleChoiceField(
         label="爱好 ",
         choices=[(1,"打篮球",),(2,"跑步",),(3,"健身",),(4,"打羽毛球",)],
         initial=[1],
         widget=forms.widgets.CheckboxSelectMultiple()
    )

  r = fields.CharField(
      label="单选",
      initial=2,
      widget=widgets.RadioSelect(choices=((1,'上海1'),(2,'北京2'),))
  )

  s = fields.ChoiceField(
      label="单选2",
      choices=((1, '上111海'), (2, '北222京'), (3, '北333京')),
      initial=2,
      widget=widgets.RadioSelect
  )

  xoo=fields.FilePathField(
     label="路径 ",
     path="myapp"
    )

  # 单选下拉框
  xdb = fields.CharField(
      label="单选下啦写法1 ",
      widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(1, "打篮球1",), (2, "跑步2",), (3, "健身3",), (4, "打羽毛球4",)])
  )

  # 单选下拉框
  db = fields.IntegerField(
      label="单选下啦写法2 ",
      widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(1, "打篮球1",), (2, "跑步2",), (3, "健身3",), (4, "打羽毛球4",)])

  )


  # 单选下拉框
  b = fields.ChoiceField(
      label="单选下啦写法3 ",
      choices=[(1, "打篮球5",), (2, "跑步6",), (3, "健身7",), (4, "打羽毛球8",)],
  )






  # 单checkbox
  u = fields.CharField(
      label="单checkbox",
      widget=widgets.CheckboxInput()
  )


  # 多选checkbox,值为列表
  e = fields.MultipleChoiceField(
      label=" 多选checkbox,值为列表",
      initial=[2, ],
      choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),),
      widget=widgets.CheckboxSelectMultiple
  )



  # 单radio，值为字符串
  aaa= fields.CharField(
      label="单radio，值为字符串",
      initial=2,
      widget=widgets.RadioSelect(choices=((1, '上海1'), (2, '北京2'),))
  )


  # 单radio，值为字符串
  saa = fields.ChoiceField(
      label="单radio，值为字符串",
      choices=((1, '上111海'), (2, '北222京'), (3, '北333京')),
      initial=2,
      widget=widgets.RadioSelect
  )



"""
class LoverForms(forms.Form):
   price=fields.IntegerField()
   user_id=fields.IntegerField(
      # widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(0,"张杰"),(1,"杨过"),(2,"古龙"),]),
       widget=widgets.Select(choices=models.UserInfo.objects.values_list("id","username"))
    )
# 特殊 的单选或多选时 数据源是否能事实更新
# __init__ 是初始化数据 就是程序只启动一次  在页面刷新 就可以加载数据库的数据 这样就不用每次去启动程序加载数据库里面的数据
   def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
       super(LoverForms,self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)  #  这里会拷贝self 字段 
       self.fields["user_id"].widget.choices=choices=models.UserInfo.objects.values_list("id","username")

"""


def reg(request):
     if request.method=="POST":
         form=TestForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
         if form.is_valid():
             return HttpResponse("1111")
     else:
        form=TestForm()
        return  render(request,"login.html",{"form":form})

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    {% load staticfiles %}
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">、
    <title>注册页面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{%static 'css/bootstrap.min.css'%}">
</head>
<body>
    <h1 style="text-align: center">FORM组件注册</h1>
  <div class="container">
      <div class="row">
         <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-3">
               <form method="post" action="/reg/" novalidate >
                 {%csrf_token %}
                   {%for filed in form %}
                   <div class="form-group">
                      <label>{{ filed.label }}:</label>
                              {{ filed }}
                   </div>

                   {% endfor %}
               <input type="submit" value="提交" class="btn btn-success pull-right">
            </form>
         </div>
      </div>
  </div>




</body>
</html>

 

choice字段注意事项 和数据库实时更新

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect

from django.forms import widgets
from myapp import models
from django.forms import fields
from django import forms
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("1111")

class TestForm(forms.Form):
    name=forms.CharField(label="用户:",min_length=2)

    city = fields.ChoiceField(
        label="城市:",
        choices=models.Ctiy.objects.all().values_list("id","name"),
        initial=1,
        widget=forms.widgets.Select()
    )
    # 重写父类方法  和数据库中数据实时更新
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(TestForm,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['city'].choices = models.Ctiy.objects.all().values_list('id', 'name')

def reg(request):
     if request.method=="POST":
         form=TestForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
         if form.is_valid():
             return HttpResponse("1111")
     else:
        form=TestForm()
        aa=models.Ctiy.objects.all().values_list("id","name")
        print(aa)
        return  render(request,"login.html",{"form":form})

from django.db import models
# Create your models here.

class UserInfo(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()
    tel=models.CharField(max_length=32)

class Ctiy(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=20,null=True,unique=True)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    {% load staticfiles %}
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">、
    <title>注册页面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{%static 'css/bootstrap.min.css'%}">
</head>
<body>
<form method="POST" action="/reg/"  id="fm">

    {% for field in form %}
        {{ field.label }}  {{ field }}
    {% endfor %}

<form>
    

</body>
</html>

                     

 其他

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
# from .models import UserInfo
from myapp import models
# 启动服务器
# D:4learnpython1Web_Djangwebpython>python manage.py runserver
# form组件  来争对用户验证
from myapp.Forms import UserForm


"""from django import forms
from django.forms import fields
# 创建验证表单信息 生成input 
class UserForm(forms.Form):
      username=fields.CharField()
      email=fields.EmailField()"""



# 显示
def user(request):
    user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    return render(request,"html_app/01user.html",{"aa":user_list})

# 添加
def add_user(request):
      if request.method=="GET":
         obj=UserForm()   # 创建的类
         return render(request,"html_app/02add_user.html",{"bb":obj})
      else:
         obc=UserForm(request.POST)
         if obc.is_valid():     #  去判断form的验证
            # print(obc.cleaned_data)
            models.UserInfo.objects.create(**obc.cleaned_data) 
            return redirect("/myapp/user/")     # 重定向
         else:
            return render(request,"html_app/02add_user.html",{"cc":obc})
# 编辑
def edit_user(request,nid):
  if request.method=="GET":
       data=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
       aa=UserForm({"username":data.username,"email":data.email}) 
       return render(request,"html_app/03edit_user.html",{"bb":aa,"nid":nid})
  else :
       cc=UserForm(request.POST)
       if cc.is_valid(): 
           models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**cc.cleaned_data)        
           return redirect("/myapp/user/")  
       else:
          return render(request,"html_app/03edit_user.html",{"bb":aa})