Android开发打开文件的Intent及使用

在写文件管理系统时会用到各种打开不同格式的文件的需求，由于Android系统默认内置了一些可以打开的系统应用，但还是不能满足需求，比如打开视频文 件、word等，需要安装相应的播放软件才可以使用，这时程序会通过Intent查找可以使用的软件实现通过代码打开一个文件需要2部分，一部分是要获取 到不同文件的后缀，以便根据需求匹配相应的Intent，另一个就是不同格式的文件打开的Intent不同1、在values目录下定义后缀数组文件 fileendings

View Code 
  1     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  2     <resources>
  3     <array name="fileEndingImage">
  4     <item>.png</item>
  5     <item>.gif</item>
  6     <item>.jpg</item>
  7     <item>.jpeg</item>
  8     <item>.bmp</item>
  9     </array>
 10     <array name="fileEndingAudio">
 11     <item>.mp3</item>
 12     <item>.wav</item>
 13     <item>.ogg</item>
 14     <item>.midi</item>
 15     </array>
 16     <array name="fileEndingVideo">
 17     <item>.mp4</item>
 18     <item>.rmvb</item>
 19     <item>.avi</item>
 20     <item>.flv</item>
 21     </array>
 22     <array name="fileEndingPackage">
 23     <item>.jar</item>
 24     <item>.zip</item>
 25     <item>.rar</item>
 26     <item>.gz</item>
 27     <item>.apk</item>
 28     <item>.img</item>
 29     </array>
 30     <array name="fileEndingWebText">
 31     <item>.htm</item>
 32     <item>.html</item>
 33     <item>.php</item>
 34     <item>.jsp</item>
 35     </array>
 36     <array name="fileEndingText">
 37     <item>.txt</item>
 38     <item>.java</item>
 39     <item>.c</item>
 40     <item>.cpp</item>
 41     <item>.py</item>
 42     <item>.xml</item>
 43     <item>.json</item>
 44     <item>.log</item>
 45     </array>
 46     <array name="fileEndingWord">
 47     <item>.doc</item>
 48     <item>.docx</item>
 49     </array>
 50     <array name="fileEndingExcel">
 51     <item>.xls</item>
 52     <item>.xlsx</item>
 53     </array>
 54     <array name="fileEndingPPT">
 55     <item>.ppt</item>
 56     <item>.pptx</item>
 57     </array>
 58      
 59     <array name="fileEndingPdf">
 60     <item>.p<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 61     <resources>
 62     <array name="fileEndingImage">
 63     <item>.png</item>
 64     <item>.gif</item>
 65     <item>.jpg</item>
 66     <item>.jpeg</item>
 67     <item>.bmp</item>
 68     </array>
 69     <array name="fileEndingAudio">
 70     <item>.mp3</item>
 71     <item>.wav</item>
 72     <item>.ogg</item>
 73     <item>.midi</item>
 74     </array>
 75     <array name="fileEndingVideo">
 76     <item>.mp4</item>
 77     <item>.rmvb</item>
 78     <item>.avi</item>
 79     <item>.flv</item>
 80     </array>
 81     <array name="fileEndingPackage">
 82     <item>.jar</item>
 83     <item>.zip</item>
 84     <item>.rar</item>
 85     <item>.gz</item>
 86     <item>.apk</item>
 87     <item>.img</item>
 88     </array>
 89     <array name="fileEndingWebText">
 90     <item>.htm</item>
 91     <item>.html</item>
 92     <item>.php</item>
 93     <item>.jsp</item>
 94     </array>
 95     <array name="fileEndingText">
 96     <item>.txt</item>
 97     <item>.java</item>
 98     <item>.c</item>
 99     <item>.cpp</item>
100     <item>.py</item>
101     <item>.xml</item>
102     <item>.json</item>
103     <item>.log</item>
104     </array>
105     <array name="fileEndingWord">
106     <item>.doc</item>
107     <item>.docx</item>
108     </array>
109     <array name="fileEndingExcel">
110     <item>.xls</item>
111     <item>.xlsx</item>
112     </array>
113     <array name="fileEndingPPT">
114     <item>.ppt</item>
115     <item>.pptx</item>
116     </array>
117      
118     <array name="fileEndingPdf">
119     <item>.pdf</item>
120     </array>
121     </resources>df</item>
122     </array>
123     </resources>

2、定义OpenFiles工具类，只需传输File参数即可，然后通过返回的Intent打开文件

View Code 
  1     public class OpenFiles {
  2     //android获取一个用于打开HTML文件的intent
  3     public static Intent getHtmlFileIntent(File file)
  4     {
  5     Uri uri = Uri.parse(file.toString()).buildUpon().encodedAuthority("com.android.htmlfileprovider").scheme("content").encodedPath(file.toString()).build();
  6     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
  7     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "text/html");
  8     return intent;
  9     }
 10     //android获取一个用于打开图片文件的intent
 11     public static Intent getImageFileIntent(File file)
 12     {
 13     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
 14     intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
 15     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
 16     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
 17     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
 18     return intent;
 19     }
 20     //android获取一个用于打开PDF文件的intent
 21     public static Intent getPdfFileIntent(File file)
 22     {
 23     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
 24     intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
 25     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
 26     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
 27     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/pdf");
 28     return intent;
 29     }
 30     //android获取一个用于打开文本文件的intent
 31     public static Intent getTextFileIntent(File file)
 32     {
 33     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
 34     intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
 35     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
 36     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
 37     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "text/plain");
 38     return intent;
 39     }
 40      
 41     //android获取一个用于打开音频文件的intent
 42     public static Intent getAudioFileIntent(File file)
 43     {
 44     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
 45     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
 46     intent.putExtra("oneshot", 0);
 47     intent.putExtra("configchange", 0);
 48     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
 49     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/*");
 50     return intent;
 51     }
 52     //android获取一个用于打开视频文件的intent
 53     public static Intent getVideoFileIntent(File file)
 54     {
 55     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
 56     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
 57     intent.putExtra("oneshot", 0);
 58     intent.putExtra("configchange", 0);
 59     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
 60     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "video/*");
 61     return intent;
 62     }
 63      
 64      
 65     //android获取一个用于打开CHM文件的intent
 66     public static Intent getChmFileIntent(File file)
 67     {
 68     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
 69     intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
 70     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
 71     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
 72     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/x-chm");
 73     return intent;
 74     }
 75      
 76      
 77     //android获取一个用于打开Word文件的intent
 78     public static Intent getWordFileIntent(File file)
 79     {
 80     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
 81     intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
 82     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
 83     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
 84     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword");
 85     return intent;
 86     }
 87     //android获取一个用于打开Excel文件的intent
 88     public static Intent getExcelFileIntent(File file)
 89     {
 90     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
 91     intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
 92     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
 93     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
 94     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel");
 95     return intent;
 96     }
 97     //android获取一个用于打开PPT文件的intent
 98     public static Intent getPPTFileIntent(File file)
 99     {
100     Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
101     intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
102     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
103     Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
104     intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
105     return intent;
106     }
107     //android获取一个用于打开apk文件的intent
108     public static Intent getApkFileIntent(File file)
109     {
110     Intent intent = new Intent();
111     intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
112     intent.setAction(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
113     intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
114     return intent;
115     }
116      
117      
118     }

3、定义用于检查要打开的文件的后缀是否在遍历后缀数组中

View Code 
1     private boolean checkEndsWithInStringArray(String checkItsEnd,
2     String[] fileEndings){
3     for(String aEnd : fileEndings){
4     if(checkItsEnd.endsWith(aEnd))
5     return true;
6     }
7     return false;
8     }

4、通过调用OpenFiles类返回的Intent，打开相应的文件

View Code 
 1     if(currentPath!=null&¤tPath.isFile())
 2     {
 3     String fileName = currentPath.toString();
 4     Intent intent;
 5     if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
 6     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingImage))){
 7     intent = OpenFiles.getImageFileIntent(currentPath);
 8     startActivity(intent);
 9     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
10     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingWebText))){
11     intent = OpenFiles.getHtmlFileIntent(currentPath);
12     startActivity(intent);
13     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
14     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPackage))){
15     intent = OpenFiles.getApkFileIntent(currentPath);
16     startActivity(intent);
17      
18     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
19     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingAudio))){
20     intent = OpenFiles.getAudioFileIntent(currentPath);
21     startActivity(intent);
22     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
23     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingVideo))){
24     intent = OpenFiles.getVideoFileIntent(currentPath);
25     startActivity(intent);
26     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
27     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingText))){
28     intent = OpenFiles.getTextFileIntent(currentPath);
29     startActivity(intent);
30     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
31     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPdf))){
32     intent = OpenFiles.getPdfFileIntent(currentPath);
33     startActivity(intent);
34     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
35     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingWord))){
36     intent = OpenFiles.getWordFileIntent(currentPath);
37     startActivity(intent);
38     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
39     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingExcel))){
40     intent = OpenFiles.getExcelFileIntent(currentPath);
41     startActivity(intent);
42     }else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().
43     getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPPT))){
44     intent = OpenFiles.getPPTFileIntent(currentPath);
45     startActivity(intent);
46     }else
47     {
48     showMessage("无法打开，请安装相应的软件！");
49     }
50     }else
51     {
52     showMessage("对不起，这不是文件！");
53     }
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/loonggg/p/2846436.html