PowerMock学习(五)之Verifying的使用

前言

Verifying是一个非常强大的测试工具,在mock系列框架中使用广泛,主要用于验证方法是否被调用,下面将举例说明。

场景

模拟这样一个场景,通过Dao查询学生,如果存在更新原来学生,不存在则创建一个学生。

1、先来创建dao层的代码,具体示例代码如下:

package com.rongrong.powermock.verifying;


/**
 * @author rongrong
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2019/11/26 20:56
 */
public class StudentVerifyDao {

    public int getStudentCount(Student student) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    public void saveStudent(Student student) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    public void updateStudent(Student student) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

}

2、接着我们再来编写,service层的代码,具体示例代码如下:

package com.rongrong.powermock.verifying;

import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * @author rongrong
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2019/11/26 21:05
 */
public class StudentVerifyService {

    public void saveOrUpdate(Student student) {
        final StudentVerifyDao verifyDao = new StudentVerifyDao();
        int count = verifyDao.getStudentCount(student);
        if (count > 0) {
            verifyDao.updateStudent(student);
        } else {
            verifyDao.saveStudent(student);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void test(){
        StudentVerifyService verifyService = new StudentVerifyService();
        verifyService.saveOrUpdate(new Student());
    }
}

3、接着来做个简单的单元测试,也可以说是调用吧,这段代码运行是必须报错的,这里就不做解释,为什么报错了,代码如下:

    @Test
    public void test(){
        StudentVerifyService verifyService = new StudentVerifyService();
        verifyService.saveOrUpdate(new Student());
    }

直接运行,报错如下图所示:

4、使用powermock来测试,具体代码如下:

package com.rongrong.powermock.verifying;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;

/**
 * @author rongrong
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2019/11/26 22:05
 */
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
//提前将StudentVerifyService这个类准备好
@PrepareForTest(StudentVerifyService.class)
public class TestStudentVerifyService {

    @Test
    public void testStudentLessThanZero(){
        //mock一个假对象
        StudentVerifyDao studentVerifyDao = PowerMockito.mock(StudentVerifyDao.class);
        //mock对象构造过程
        try {
            PowerMockito.whenNew(StudentVerifyDao.class).withNoArguments().thenReturn(studentVerifyDao);
            Student student = new Student();
            //模拟当调用查询学生个数时候,没有找到,我给了0
            PowerMockito.when(studentVerifyDao.getStudentCount(student)).thenReturn(0);
            StudentVerifyService studentVerifyService = new StudentVerifyService();
            //调用保存并更新方法
            studentVerifyService.saveOrUpdate(student);
            //没有那么走的就是保存方法啦
            Mockito.verify(studentVerifyDao).saveStudent(student);
            //这里就不走更新了,所以用了mockito.never()方法
            Mockito.verify(studentVerifyDao,Mockito.never()).updateStudent(student);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testStudentMoreThanZero(){
        //mock一个假对象
        StudentVerifyDao studentVerifyDao = PowerMockito.mock(StudentVerifyDao.class);
        Student student = new Student();
        try {
            //mock对象构造过程即局部变量构造
            PowerMockito.whenNew(StudentVerifyDao.class).withNoArguments().thenReturn(studentVerifyDao);
            //模拟调用查询学生存在,那么返回值给1即可
            PowerMockito.when(studentVerifyDao.getStudentCount(student)).thenReturn(1);
            StudentVerifyService studentVerifyService = new StudentVerifyService();
            //调用保存并更新方法
            studentVerifyService.saveOrUpdate(student);
            //如果存在,这里要去更新学生信息
            Mockito.verify(studentVerifyDao).updateStudent(student);
            //Mockito.never()后就不会走保存的方法了
            Mockito.verify(studentVerifyDao,Mockito.never()).saveStudent(student);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

直接运行,你会发现,运行通过,如下图所示:

总结

1、仔细看,在service中有个局部变量,这也就注定了我们只能使用powermock来测试

2、当有Mockito.never()出现的时候当前修饰行的方法将不被执行

3、这块应用的事mock局部变量的方法的使用,只是加了些方法后,变得复杂看似,但实际并不复杂,还请感兴趣的朋友,反复实践。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/longronglang/p/11920856.html