本教程用到的提供soap接口的网址是:http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/这 个页面有多个方法可以通过soap调用,页面上也有说明.如果用IE的浏览器还能看到此网页提供的wsdl文件.要做soap的webservice首先 要了解一些关于webservice和soap的一些基本知识.下面几个网址可能会帮你快速入门.
SOAP教程:http://www.w3school.com.cn/soap/index.asp
使 用WSDL发布WebService:http://blog.csdn.net/meiqingsong/archive/2005/04/04/336057.aspx
为 了便于理解,我先讲下soap的大体原理:我们在iPhone封装soap请求信息,发送到某个提供soap服务的服务器,如下例中我们用到的http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/.服 务器能接受和识别soap请求,当它接到请求,就根据客户端的请求情况调用服务器上的某个函数,并将函数返回结果封装成soap反馈信息发送给客户端.客 户端接收到soap反馈信息后,进行解析处理,以用户能理解的形式呈现给用户.整个过程就这么简单.
好了,假设现在你已经有关于 soap的基础知识(没有也没关系,看了例子,再理解就更好理解了),下面我们开始做soap的例子.
第一步,建一个 Hello_SOAP项目.用IB将Hello_SOAPViewController.xib做成如下图的界面
然后在Hello_SOAPViewController.h中添加如下代码
代码
1. @interface Hello_SOAPViewController : UIViewController
2. {
3. IBOutlet UITextField *nameInput;
4. IBOutlet UILabel *greeting;
5.
6. NSMutableData *webData;
7. NSMutableString *soapResults;
8. NSXMLParser *xmlParser;
9. BOOL recordResults;
10. }
11.
12. @property(nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *nameInput;
13. @property(nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UILabel *greeting;
14.
15. @property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableData *webData;
16. @property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableString *soapResults;
17. @property(nonatomic, retain) NSXMLParser *xmlParser;
18.
19. -(IBAction)buttonClick: (id) sender;
20. - (void)getOffesetUTCTimeSOAP;
然后在Hello_SOAPViewController.xib中将两个输出口和一个动作连接好,这个不用手把手吧?
在 Hello_SOAPViewController.m文件中加入以下方法 :
代码
1. - (void)getOffesetUTCTimeSOAP
2. {
3. recordResults = NO;
4. //封装soap请求消息
5. NSString *soapMessage = [NSString stringWithFormat:
6. @"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>n"
7. "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">n"
8. "<soap:Body>n"
9. "<getOffesetUTCTime xmlns="http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/">n"
10. "<hoursOffset>%@</hoursOffset>n"
11. "</getOffesetUTCTime>n"
12. "</soap:Body>n"
13. "</soap:Envelope>n",nameInput.text
14. ];
15. NSLog(soapMessage);
16. //请求发送到的路径
17. NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.nanonull.com/TimeService/TimeService.asmx"];
18. NSMutableURLRequest *theRequest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
19. NSString *msgLength = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [soapMessage length]];
20.
21. // 以下对请求信息添加属性前四句是必有的，第五句是soap信息。
22. [theRequest addValue: @"text/xml; charset=utf-8" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
23. [theRequest addValue: @"http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/getOffesetUTCTime" forHTTPHeaderField:@"SOAPAction"];
24.
25. [theRequest addValue: msgLength forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
26. [theRequest setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
27. [theRequest setHTTPBody: [soapMessage dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
28.
29. // 请求
30. NSURLConnection *theConnection = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:theRequest delegate:self];
31.
32. // 如果连接已经建好，则初始化data
33. if( theConnection )
34. {
35. webData = [[NSMutableData data] retain];
36. }
37. else
38. {
39. NSLog(@"theConnection is NULL");
40. }
41.
42.
43. }
代码有注释.不重复讲解.soap并不难,难的是没有案例告诉我们怎么把其它平台的 soap移植过来,这里我给出了代码,我相信对iphone开发人员的话应该能看懂了.我在下面会把此案例的源代码附上.如果自己做不出来再看我的代码. 如果我这样讲您觉得不够细,那说明您的iphone开发还不是太深入,那么您应该用不到soap技术.可以飘过了.
下面的代码是接收信息并解析, 显示到用户界面
代码
1. -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response
2. {
3. [webData setLength: 0];
4. NSLog(@"connection: didReceiveResponse:1");
5. }
6. -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data
7. {
8. [webData appendData:data];
9. NSLog(@"connection: didReceiveData:2");
10.
11. }
12.
13. //如果电脑没有连接网络，则出现 此信息（不是网络服务器不通）
14. -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
15. {
16. NSLog(@"ERROR with theConenction");
17. [connection release];
18. [webData release];
19. }
20. -(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
21. {
22. NSLog(@"3 DONE. Received Bytes: %d", [webData length]);
23. NSString *theXML = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytes: [webData mutableBytes] length:[webData length] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
24. NSLog(theXML);
25. [theXML release];
26.
27. //重新加載xmlParser
28. if( xmlParser )
29. {
30. [xmlParser release];
31. }
32.
33. xmlParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData: webData];
34. [xmlParser setDelegate: self];
35. [xmlParser setShouldResolveExternalEntities: YES];
36. [xmlParser parse];
37.
38. [connection release];
39. //[webData release];
40. }