excel 在web导入到数据库的操作方法

这个操作的大致步骤是把本地文件存入到服务器端,
然后再读取服务端的文件并且使用NPOI这个第三方的插件去读取文件导入到数据库批量插入
需要注意的是,前端需要使用form包裹type=file的文件标签,并且文件标签需要有name属性,否则后台无法获取,在一个就是form需要含有enctype="multipart/form-data"属性,
对于input过滤其他非excel的文件,可以添加如下属性:accept="application/vnd.ms-excel,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"

HTML:

<form id="form" class="form-horizontal" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="txt_signInTitleOfDetail">选择文件</label>
        <input type="file" name="file" class="form-control" accept="application/vnd.ms-excel,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet" />
    </div>
    <input type="button" class="btn btn-primary" value="保存" id="btn_Save">
</form>

JS:

//这里的HTMLFormElement是强制转换的写法,因为是typescript所以不强制转换的话编译不能通过
var myForm = <HTMLFormElement>$('#你的要提交的form的ID')[0];
var formData = new FormData(myForm);//和后台联通让后台接受form的系统类
//获取文件名
var filePath = $('#txt_upload').val();
var fileName = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf('\') + 1);
formData.append('fileName', fileName);
$('#waring').text("操作中,请等待");
$.ajax({
    url: '/Home/后台的导入方法',
    type: 'POST',
    cache: false,
    data: formData,
    processData: false,
    contentType: false
}).done(function (res) {
    //批量导入后刷新页面
    $('#waring').text(res.message);
}).fail(function (res) {
    $('#waring').text("导入数据失败");
});

后台:

public JsonResult 你的方法() 
        {
            var httpRequest = HttpContext.Request;

            string fileName = string.Format("{0}_{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss"), httpRequest.Form["fileName"].ToString());
            //文件夹
            string dir = Server.MapPath("~/temp");
            if (!Directory.Exists(dir))
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(dir);
            }

            //文件全路径,获取了本地的文件路径
            string filePath = Path.Combine(dir, fileName);

            foreach (string key in httpRequest.Files)  // 文件键  
            {
                var postedFile = httpRequest.Files[key];    // 获取文件键对应的文件对象  
                postedFile.SaveAs(filePath);
            }
            //// 读取Excel文件,导入数据
            ExcelToDB(filePath);

            return Json(new
            {
                status = true,
                message = "导入成功!"
            });
        }
        

        private void ExcelToDB(string filePath)
        {
            FileStream fs = null;
            IWorkbook workbook = null;
            ISheet sheet = null;
            IRow row = null;
            //ICell cell = null;
            int startRow = 1;
            try
            {
                using (fs = System.IO.File.OpenRead(filePath))
                {
                    // 2007版本
                    if (filePath.IndexOf(".xlsx") > 0)
                        workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs);
                    // 2003版本
                    else if (filePath.IndexOf(".xls") > 0)
                        workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);

                    if (workbook != null)
                    {
                        workbook.MissingCellPolicy = MissingCellPolicy.RETURN_BLANK_AS_NULL;
                        //sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);//读取第一个sheet,当然也可以循环读取每个sheet
                        sheet = workbook.GetSheet("Sheet1");

                        if (sheet != null)
                        {
                            int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;//总行数
                            if (rowCount > 0)
                            {
                                IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow(0);//第一行
                                int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum;//列数

                                WriteData(sheet, row, startRow, rowCount);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                throw new Exception("无信息");
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            throw new Exception("没有找到Sheet1");
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        throw new Exception("加载Excel失败");
                    }
                }

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                if (fs != null)
                {
                    fs.Close();
                }

                throw ex;
            }
        }
        
        
         /// <summary>
        /// 从excel写入登记表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sheet"></param>
        /// <param name="row"></param>
        /// <param name="startRow"></param>
        /// <param name="rowCount"></param>
        /// <param name="isCover"></param>
        private void WriteData(ISheet sheet, IRow row, int startRow, int rowCount)
        {
            List<你的插入类> 你的插入类 = new List<你的插入类>();
            string Title = string.Empty;
            string Time = string.Empty;
            string EndTime = string.Empty;
            string Range = string.Empty;
            //填充行
            for (int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i)
            {
                row = sheet.GetRow(i);
                if (row == null) continue;

                try
                {
                    //读取一行每个字段值
                    Title = row.GetCell(0, MissingCellPolicy.CREATE_NULL_AS_BLANK).ToString(); //
                    Time = row.GetCell(1, MissingCellPolicy.CREATE_NULL_AS_BLANK).ToString();//
                    EndTime = row.GetCell(2, MissingCellPolicy.CREATE_NULL_AS_BLANK).ToString();//
                    taskType = 1;//
                    signInRange = row.GetCell(3, MissingCellPolicy.CREATE_NULL_AS_BLANK).ToString();//

                    //没有信息,直接跳过
                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Title) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Time) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(EndTime)) 
                    {
                        continue;
                    } 
                    
                    info item = new info()
                    {
                        读取的行在这里和实体类赋值
                    };

                    list.Add(item);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    
                }
            }

            //批量插入
            Dal.BatchInsert(list);
        }
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/llcdbk/p/10571920.html