LCA离线算法Tarjan的模板

hdu 2586:题意:输入n个点的n-1条边的树,m组询问任意点 a b之间的最短距离

思路:LCA中的Tarjan算法,RMQ还不会。。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
const int N = 40010;
const int M = 410;

int head[N];            //树边邻接表的表头
int __head[N];          //保存询问的邻接表的表头
struct edge{            //保存边
    int u,v,w,next;
}e[2*N];
struct ask{            //保存询问
    int u,v,lca,next;
}ea[M];
int dir[N];              //保存点到树根的距离
int fa[N];               //并查集,保存集合的代表元素
int ance[N];             //保存集合的组合,注意对象是集合而不是元素
bool vis[N];             //遍历时的标记数组

inline void add_edge(int u,int v,int w,int &k) //保存边
{
    e[k].u = u; e[k].v = v; e[k].w = w;
    e[k].next = head[u]; head[u] = k++;
    u = u^v; v = u^v; u = u^v;
    e[k].u = u; e[k].v = v; e[k].w = w;
    e[k].next = head[u]; head[u] = k++;
}

inline void add_ask(int u ,int v ,int &k) //保存询问
{
    ea[k].u = u; ea[k].v = v; ea[k].lca = -1;
    ea[k].next = __head[u]; __head[u] = k++;
    u = u^v; v = u^v; u = u^v;   ///看上去深奥。。其实就是swap(u,v);
    ea[k].u = u; ea[k].v = v; ea[k].lca = -1;
    ea[k].next = __head[u]; __head[u] = k++;
}

int Find(int x)
{
    return x == fa[x] ? x : fa[x] = Find(fa[x]);
}
void Union(int u ,int v)
{
    fa[v] = fa[u];  //可写为  fa[Find(v)] = fa[u];
}

void Tarjan(int u)
{
    vis[u] = true;
    ance[u] = fa[u] = u; //可写为 ance[Find(u)] = fa[u] = u;
    for(int k=head[u]; k!=-1; k=e[k].next)
        if( !vis[e[k].v] )
        {
            int v = e[k].v , w = e[k].w;
            dir[v] = dir[u] + w;
            Tarjan(v);
            Union(u,v);
            ance[Find(u)] = u;  
        }
    for(int k=__head[u]; k!=-1; k=ea[k].next)
        if( vis[ea[k].v] )
        {
            int v = ea[k].v;
            ea[k].lca = ea[k^1].lca = ance[Find(v)];
        }
}

int main()
{
    int tcase;
    scanf("%d",&tcase);
    while(tcase--){
    int n,q;
    scanf("%d%d",&n,&q);
    memset(head,-1,sizeof(head));
    memset(__head,-1,sizeof(__head));
    int tot = 0;
    for(int i=1; i<n; i++)  //建树
    {
        int u,v,w;
        scanf("%d%d%d",&u,&v,&w);
        add_edge(u,v,w,tot);
    }
    tot = 0;
    for(int i=0; i<q; i++) //拆开保存询问
    {
        int u,v;
        scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
        add_ask(u,v,tot);
    }
    memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));
    dir[1] = 0;
    Tarjan(1);
    for(int i=0; i<q; i++)
    {
        int s = i * 2 , u = ea[s].u , v = ea[s].v , lca = ea[s].lca;
        printf("%d
",dir[u]+dir[v]-2*dir[lca]);
    }
    }

    return 0;
}

hdu 2874:和上题一样都是求两点之间的最短距离,但是有多棵树,所以存在不连通的情况(用father判断一下就OK),,然后华丽丽的 超内存,拿别人的代码也是MLE

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
const int N = 10001;
const int M = 1000001;

int head[N];
int __head[N];
struct edge{
    int u,v,w,next;
}e[2*N];
struct ask{
    int u,v,lca,next;
}ea[2*M];
int dir[N];
int fa[N];
int ance[N];
bool vis[N];

inline void add_edge(int u,int v,int w,int &k) //保存边
{
    e[k].u = u; e[k].v = v; e[k].w = w;
    e[k].next = head[u]; head[u] = k++;
    u = u^v; v = u^v; u = u^v;
    e[k].u = u; e[k].v = v; e[k].w = w;
    e[k].next = head[u]; head[u] = k++;
}

inline void add_ask(int u ,int v ,int &k) //保存询问
{
    ea[k].u = u; ea[k].v = v; ea[k].lca = -1;
    ea[k].next = __head[u]; __head[u] = k++;
    u = u^v; v = u^v; u = u^v;   ///看上去深奥。。其实就是swap(u,v);
    ea[k].u = u; ea[k].v = v; ea[k].lca = -1;
    ea[k].next = __head[u]; __head[u] = k++;
}

int Find(int x)
{
    return x == fa[x] ? x : fa[x] = Find(fa[x]);
}
void Union(int u ,int v)
{
    int x = Find(u);
    int y = Find(v);
    fa[x] = y;
}

void Tarjan(int u)
{
    vis[u] = true;
    ance[u] = fa[u] = u; //可写为 ance[Find(u)] = fa[u] = u;
    for(int k=head[u]; k!=-1; k=e[k].next)
        if( !vis[e[k].v] )
        {
            int v = e[k].v , w = e[k].w;
            dir[v] = dir[u] + w;
            Tarjan(v);
            Union(u,v);
            ance[Find(u)] = u;  //可写为ance[u] = u;  //甚至不要这个语句都行
        }
    for(int k=__head[u]; k!=-1; k=ea[k].next)
        if( vis[ea[k].v] )
        {
            int v = ea[k].v;
            ea[k].lca = ea[k^1].lca = ance[Find(v)];
        }
}

int main()
{
    int k,n,q;
    while(scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&k,&q)!=EOF){

    memset(head,-1,sizeof(head));
    memset(__head,-1,sizeof(__head));
    int tot = 0;
    for(int i=0; i<k; i++)  //建树
    {
        int u,v,w;
        scanf("%d%d%d",&u,&v,&w);
        add_edge(u,v,w,tot);
    }
    tot = 0;
    for(int i=0; i<q; i++) //拆开保存询问
    {
        int u,v;
        scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
        add_ask(u,v,tot);
    }
    memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){  ///访问每个节点
        if(!vis[i]){
            dir[i]=0;
            Tarjan(i);
        }
    }
    for(int i=0; i<q; i++)
    {
        int s = i * 2 , u = ea[s].u , v = ea[s].v , lca = ea[s].lca;  ///s代表偶数边,奇偶只是方向不同罢了,所以取一个就行
        if(fa[u]!=fa[v]) printf("Not connected
");  ///父亲结点不同当然就不是同一棵子树了
        else printf("%d
",dir[u]+dir[v]-2*dir[lca]);
    }
    }

    return 0;
}
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liyinggang/p/5343953.html