Oracle 执行计划

Oracle执行计划是什么

  关于执行计划的概念,相信大家都有过基础的了解。这里不详细解释概念性东西,只需要知道。执行计划是Oracle根据SQL语句生成的一个执行步骤的表述即可。

  执行计划分三部分:1.执行计划的SQL语句,SQL Id 以及对应的执行计划 hash value 。 2.执行计划主体部分。 3.执行计划补充说明。如下:

-- 这里是SQL语句 select empno,ename from emp 的执行计划

-- 第一部分

SQL_ID  78bd3uh4a08av, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select empno,ename from emp
 
Plan hash value: 3956160932
 

-- 第二部分 (主体部分)
-- 这里主要关注部分,可以看到执行时的执行步骤,执行顺序,对应的谓词信息、列信息, 消耗成本等    
-------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name | E-Rows |
-------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |        |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP  |     16 |
-------------------------------------------


 -- 第三部分 (补充说明)
Note
-----
   - Warning: basic plan statistics not available. These are only collected when:
       * hint 'gather_plan_statistics' is used for the statement or
       * parameter 'statistics_level' is set to 'ALL', at session or system level

Oracle执行计划怎么获取

  获取SQL执行计划的方法有很多,最简单的是在PL/SQL 中直接按F5,就可以获得SQL的执行计划。结果如下:

       

  explain plan 命令

   使用explain plan 命令得到的结果跟直接按F5得到的结果一致,其操作过程为(以SQL select * from emp 为例):

-- 1.执行 explain 命令SQL,这里的for后面为需要查看执行计划的SQL语句:

  explain plan for select * from emp;

-- 2.执行如下语句 

    select * from table(dbms_xplan.display)

-- 得到执行结果如下:
Plan hash value: 3956160932
 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |    16 |   592 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP  |    16 |   592 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

  上面的SQL执行计划,虽然可以得到执行计划,但是不一定是刚执行过的SQL使用的执行计划。也就是说可能是不准确的。使用下面的方法可以得到准确的执行过的SQL的执行计划:

-- 这里的all和advanced都行,二选一。但是必须是从dos窗口中执行,它会取上一次执行的SQL的执行计划返回。
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'all/advanced'));

-- 通过使用该SQL查询执行过的SQL语句的SQLid
SELECT SQL_ID FROM v$SQL  WHERE SQL_TEXT like'select * from emp'
-- 查询该SQL的执行计划,需要在同一个session中执行。
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('sql_id/hash_value',child_cursor_number,'all/advanced'));

  而且,通过以上两种方式得到的执行计划数据会更全一些,会包含执行计划的头部信息和补充说明信息。例如:

SQL_ID  a2dk8bdn0ujx7, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select * from emp
 
Plan hash value: 3956160932
 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |       |       |     3 (100)|          |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP  |    16 |   592 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / EMP@SEL$1
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "EMP"."EMPNO"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10], 
       "EMP"."JOB"[VARCHAR2,9], "EMP"."MGR"[NUMBER,22], 
       "EMP"."HIREDATE"[DATE,7], "EMP"."SAL"[NUMBER,22], 
       "EMP"."COMM"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."DEPTNO"[NUMBER,22]

Oracle执行计划怎么看 

  执行顺序

  通过执行计划,我们可以看出执行计划的执行步骤和执行类型。但是执行计划是怎么个执行顺序呢,先执行的哪一步后执行哪一步呢?有个原则,先右后下。简单的说,从上到下,执行计划如果有缩进,算是子过程。类似于目录结构,有向右缩进,就是当前的子过程。先执行完子过程,然后回到父过程。然后执行下一个。下面用个例子说明下执行过程的流程。

  执行计划如下:

SQL_ID  22svdfk7watap, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select emp.ename,EMP_TEMP.EMPNO from emp,EMP_TEMP where emp.ename in 
(select ename from EMP_TEMP where empno > 100)
 
Plan hash value: 1993712166
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation             | Name     | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT      |          |       |       |    16 (100)|          |
|*  1 |  HASH JOIN            |          |   194 |  4074 |    16   (7)| 00:00:01 |
|   2 |   MERGE JOIN CARTESIAN|          |   182 |  2730 |    13   (8)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    SORT UNIQUE        |          |    14 |   154 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  4 |     TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP_TEMP |    14 |   154 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   5 |    BUFFER SORT        |          |    14 |    56 |    10  (10)| 00:00:01 |
|   6 |     TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP_TEMP |    14 |    56 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   7 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL   | EMP      |    16 |    96 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$5DA710D3
   4 - SEL$5DA710D3 / EMP_TEMP@SEL$2
   6 - SEL$5DA710D3 / EMP_TEMP@SEL$1
   7 - SEL$5DA710D3 / EMP@SEL$1
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - access("EMP"."ENAME"="ENAME")
   4 - filter("EMPNO">100)
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - (#keys=1) "EMP"."ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10], "EMP_TEMP"."EMPNO"[NUMBER,22]
   2 - "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10], "EMP_TEMP"."EMPNO"[NUMBER,22]
   3 - (#keys=1) "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
   4 - (rowset=256) "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
   5 - (#keys=0) "EMP_TEMP"."EMPNO"[NUMBER,22]
   6 - (rowset=256) "EMP_TEMP"."EMPNO"[NUMBER,22]
   7 - (rowset=256) "EMP"."ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
 

  在这个执行计划中,先找到id为0的行,发现有子项目,然后跳到1→2→3→4然后发现id为4的步骤没有子步骤,那么数据库首先执行4这一行。执行完后,看是否存在当前同一级的执行步骤,发现没有,然后返回到步骤3执行步骤3.然后判断发现步骤3有同一级别的执行步骤,进一步判断步骤3是否具有子步骤。发现具有子步骤6,然后执行步骤6.继续之前的判断,执行步骤5然后没有同级步骤存在,执行步骤2,然后下一级步骤执行步骤7,跳上一级执行步骤1步骤0 。整体的执行顺序就是这个样子的。

  常见执行类型

   1.表扫描相关执行计划:全表扫描、.rowId扫描。SQL语句和执行结果如下:

-- 全表扫描:table access full ,扫描表格的全部内容。
-- SQL 语句
select * from emp

-- 执行计划

SQL_ID  a2dk8bdn0ujx7, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select * from emp
 
Plan hash value: 3956160932
 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |       |       |     3 (100)|          |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP  |    16 |   592 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / EMP@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$1" "EMP"@"SEL$1")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "EMP"."EMPNO"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10], 
       "EMP"."JOB"[VARCHAR2,9], "EMP"."MGR"[NUMBER,22], 
       "EMP"."HIREDATE"[DATE,7], "EMP"."SAL"[NUMBER,22], 
       "EMP"."COMM"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."DEPTNO"[NUMBER,22]
 
全表扫描

  

-- rowId扫描,直接通过rowid获取。
-- SQL语句
select * from emp where rowid = 'AAAtkkAAGAABqYmAAA'

-- 执行计划
SQL_ID  5jqu54nycrbg8, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select * from emp where rowid = 'AAAtkkAAGAABqYmAAA'
 
Plan hash value: 1116584662
 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                  | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT           |      |       |       |     1 (100)|          |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY USER ROWID| EMP  |     1 |    37 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / EMP@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      ROWID(@"SEL$1" "EMP"@"SEL$1")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "EMP"."EMPNO"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10], 
       "EMP"."JOB"[VARCHAR2,9], "EMP"."MGR"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."HIREDATE"[DATE,7], 
       "EMP"."SAL"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."COMM"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."DEPTNO"[NUMBER,22]
rowId扫描

  2.B索引扫描,主要有唯一性索引扫描(index unique scan)、索引范围扫描(index range scan)、索引全部扫描(index  full scan)、索引快速全扫描(index fast full scan)、索引跳跃扫描(index skip scan)。SQL与执行计划如下:

-- 唯一性索引扫描,要求索引是唯一索引(如主键),关键字是 INDEX UNIQUE SCAN

select empno from emp where empno=7368;
-- 执行计划 

SQL_ID  grw180q65y5yd, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select empno from emp where empno=7368
 
Plan hash value: 56244932
 
-----------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name   | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |        |       |       |     1 (100)|
|*  1 |  INDEX UNIQUE SCAN| PK_EMP |     1 |     4 |     0   (0)|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / EMP@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      INDEX(@"SEL$1" "EMP"@"SEL$1" ("EMP"."EMPNO"))
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - access("EMPNO"=7368)
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "EMPNO"[NUMBER,22]
 
唯一性索引扫描
-- 索引范围扫描,谓语条件是索引一部分的时候,关键字是 INDEX RANGE SCAN  
-- SQL语句
select * from emp where empno > 7521 --这里如果谓语不是唯一索引,等于号也会是范围索引
-- 执行计划
SQL_ID  1kbvtjx2cff29, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select * from emp where empno > 7521
 
Plan hash value: 2787773736
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                           | Name   | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT                    |        |       |       |     3 (100)|          |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID BATCHED| EMP    |    11 |   407 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN                  | PK_EMP |    11 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / EMP@SEL$1
   2 - SEL$1 / EMP@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      INDEX_RS_ASC(@"SEL$1" "EMP"@"SEL$1" ("EMP"."EMPNO"))
      BATCH_TABLE_ACCESS_BY_ROWID(@"SEL$1" "EMP"@"SEL$1")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   2 - access("EMPNO">7521)
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "EMPNO"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10], "EMP"."JOB"[VARCHAR2,9], 
       "EMP"."MGR"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."HIREDATE"[DATE,7], "EMP"."SAL"[NUMBER,22], 
       "EMP"."COMM"[NUMBER,22], "EMP"."DEPTNO"[NUMBER,22]
   2 - "EMP".ROWID[ROWID,10], "EMPNO"[NUMBER,22]
 
索引范围扫描
-- 索引全扫描,系统对索引进行全部扫描 关键字是  INDEX FULL SCAN 

-- SQL语句
select empno from emp

-- 执行计划
SQL_ID  g6z8w0zj8fma2, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select empno from emp
 
Plan hash value: 179099197
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation        | Name   | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT |        |       |       |     1 (100)|          |
|   1 |  INDEX FULL SCAN | PK_EMP |    16 |    64 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / EMP@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      INDEX(@"SEL$1" "EMP"@"SEL$1" ("EMP"."EMPNO"))
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "EMPNO"[NUMBER,22]
 
索引全部扫描
--  索引快速全扫描,内容较多时才会出现,执行计划中的关键字为:INDEX FAST FULL SCAN

-- SQL语句
   -- 首先需要创建一个表
   create table test (name varchar2(1),test_id number not null);
   -- 创建相应的索引
   create index t_idx on test(test_id);
   -- 执行计划添加数据
   begin
   for i in 1..100000 loop
   insert into test values ('A',i);
   end loop;
   commit;
   end;
   -- 执行查询SQL
   select test_id from test;
-- 执行计划
SQL_ID  gqs77pc0cba78, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select test_id from test
 
Plan hash value: 3163761342
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation            | Name  | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT     |       |       |       |    68 (100)|          |
|   1 |  INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| T_IDX | 99726 |  1266K|    68   (0)| 00:00:01 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / TEST@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      INDEX_FFS(@"SEL$1" "TEST"@"SEL$1" ("TEST"."TEST_ID"))
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "TEST_ID"[NUMBER,22]
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)
 
索引快速全扫描
--  索引跳跃扫描,当索引为组合索引,又要根据索引的后置字段匹配时,Oracle有时候会选择索引跳跃式扫描。关键字为:INDEX SKIP SCAN 
--SQL 语句
    -- 首先,删除原来的索引,建立新索引
    drop  index t_idx ;
    create index t_idx_2 on test (namess,test_id);
    -- 执行SQL语句
    select /*+ t_idx_2 */ * from test where test_id = 1000
-- 执行计划

SQL_ID  5mjpux6q2dqs7, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+ t_idx_2 */ * from test where test_id = 10000
 
Plan hash value: 906579381
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation        | Name    | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT |         |       |       |     3 (100)|          |
|*  1 |  INDEX SKIP SCAN | T_IDX_2 |     1 |     6 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / TEST@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      INDEX_SS(@"SEL$1" "TEST"@"SEL$1" ("TEST"."NAMESS" "TEST"."TEST_ID"))
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - access("TEST_ID"=10000)
       filter("TEST_ID"=10000)
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "TEST"."NAMESS"[VARCHAR2,1], "TEST_ID"[NUMBER,22]
 
索引跳跃扫描

  3.位图索引扫描,需要建立位图索引 bitMap。我应用不多,不献丑了。

  4.表连接相关索引:排序合并连接、嵌套循环连接、哈希链接、反连接、半连接。

-- 在执行计划上对应的关键字为: SORT JOIN 和 MERGE JOIN 

--数据准备

CREATE TABLE t1(c1 number,c2 varchar2(1));


CREATE TABLE t2(c2 varchar2(1),c3 varchar2(2));

INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1,'A');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (2,'B');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (3,'C');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (4,'D');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (5,'E');

INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ('A','A2');      
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ('B','B2');      
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ('C','C2');      
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ('D','D2');      
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ('E','E2');      


-- sql 语句

select /*+ use_merge(t1 t2) */ t1.c1,t1.c2,t2.c3 from t1,t2 where t1.c2= t2.c2;


-- 执行计划
SQL_ID  0d9sbrn5axmr9, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+ use_merge(t1 t2) */ t1.c1,t1.c2,t2.c3 from t1,t2 where 
t1.c2= t2.c2
 
Plan hash value: 412793182
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation           | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT    |      |       |       |     8 (100)|          |
|   1 |  MERGE JOIN         |      |     5 |   100 |     8  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   2 |   SORT JOIN         |      |     5 |    75 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1   |     5 |    75 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  4 |   SORT JOIN         |      |     5 |    25 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   5 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| T2   |     5 |    25 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1
   3 - SEL$1 / T1@SEL$1
   5 - SEL$1 / T2@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$1" "T1"@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      LEADING(@"SEL$1" "T1"@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      USE_MERGE(@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   4 - access("T1"."C2"="T2"."C2")
       filter("T1"."C2"="T2"."C2")
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1], "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22], 
       "T2"."C3"[VARCHAR2,2]
   2 - (#keys=1) "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1], "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22]
   3 - "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22], "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1]
   4 - (#keys=1) "T2"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1], "T2"."C3"[VARCHAR2,2]
   5 - "T2"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1], "T2"."C3"[VARCHAR2,2]
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)
排序合并连接
-- 在执行计划上对应的关键字为:NESTED LOOPS


--数据准备同上

-- sql 语句

select /*+ use_nl(t1 t2) */ t1.c1,t1.c2,t2.c3 from t1,t2 where t1.c2= t2.c2;


-- 执行计划
SQL_ID  fmtusp6nx39uv, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+ use_nl(t1 t2) */ t1.c1,t1.c2,t2.c3 from t1,t2 where t1.c2= 
t2.c2
 
Plan hash value: 1967407726
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |      |       |       |    12 (100)|          |
|   1 |  NESTED LOOPS      |      |     5 |   100 |    12   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1   |     5 |    75 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| T2   |     1 |     5 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1
   2 - SEL$1 / T1@SEL$1
   3 - SEL$1 / T2@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$1" "T1"@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      LEADING(@"SEL$1" "T1"@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      USE_NL(@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   3 - filter("T1"."C2"="T2"."C2")
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22], "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1], 
       "T2"."C3"[VARCHAR2,2]
   2 - "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22], "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1]
   3 - "T2"."C3"[VARCHAR2,2]
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)
 
嵌套循环连接
-- 在执行计划上对应的关键字为:HASH JOIN 


--数据准备同上

-- sql 语句

select  t1.c1,t1.c2,t2.c3 from t1,t2 where t1.c2= t2.c2;


-- 执行计划

SQL_ID  1z4x7bp0xm2sa, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select  t1.c1,t1.c2,t2.c3 from t1,t2 where t1.c2= t2.c2
 
Plan hash value: 1838229974
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |      |       |       |     6 (100)|          |
|*  1 |  HASH JOIN         |      |     5 |   100 |     6   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1   |     5 |    75 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| T2   |     5 |    25 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1
   2 - SEL$1 / T1@SEL$1
   3 - SEL$1 / T2@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$1" "T1"@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      LEADING(@"SEL$1" "T1"@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      USE_HASH(@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$1")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - access("T1"."C2"="T2"."C2")
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - (#keys=1) "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1], "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22], 
       "T2"."C3"[VARCHAR2,2]
   2 - (rowset=256) "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22], "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1]
   3 - (rowset=256) "T2"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1], "T2"."C3"[VARCHAR2,2]
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)
 
哈希链接
-- 在执行计划上对应的关键字为:ANTI


--数据准备同上

-- sql 语句

select * from t1 where c2 not in (select c2 from t2 where c3 = 'B2')


-- 执行计划

SQL_ID  awz9nmmzpd0jp, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select * from t1 where c2 not in (select c2 from t2 where c3 = 'B2')
 
Plan hash value: 1275484728
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |      |       |       |     6 (100)|          |
|*  1 |  HASH JOIN ANTI NA |      |     5 |   100 |     6   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1   |     5 |    75 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| T2   |     1 |     5 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$5DA710D3
   2 - SEL$5DA710D3 / T1@SEL$1
   3 - SEL$5DA710D3 / T2@SEL$2
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$5DA710D3")
      UNNEST(@"SEL$2")
      OUTLINE(@"SEL$1")
      OUTLINE(@"SEL$2")
      FULL(@"SEL$5DA710D3" "T1"@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$5DA710D3" "T2"@"SEL$2")
      LEADING(@"SEL$5DA710D3" "T1"@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$2")
      USE_HASH(@"SEL$5DA710D3" "T2"@"SEL$2")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - access("C2"="C2")
   3 - filter("C3"='B2')
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - (#keys=1) "C2"[VARCHAR2,1], "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22]
   2 - "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22], "C2"[VARCHAR2,1]
   3 - "C2"[VARCHAR2,1]
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)
 
反连接
-- 在执行计划上对应的关键字为:SEMI


--数据准备同上

-- sql 语句

select * from t1 where exists (select * from t2 where t1.c2= t2.c2 and c3='A2')


-- 执行计划

SQL_ID  fs5rxxz52a0hy, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select * from t1 where exists (select * from t2 where t1.c2= t2.c2 and 
c3='A2')
 
Plan hash value: 1713220790
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |      |       |       |     6 (100)|          |
|*  1 |  HASH JOIN SEMI    |      |     1 |    20 |     6   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1   |     5 |    75 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| T2   |     1 |     5 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$5DA710D3
   2 - SEL$5DA710D3 / T1@SEL$1
   3 - SEL$5DA710D3 / T2@SEL$2
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.2.0.1')
      DB_VERSION('12.2.0.1')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$5DA710D3")
      UNNEST(@"SEL$2")
      OUTLINE(@"SEL$1")
      OUTLINE(@"SEL$2")
      FULL(@"SEL$5DA710D3" "T1"@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$5DA710D3" "T2"@"SEL$2")
      LEADING(@"SEL$5DA710D3" "T1"@"SEL$1" "T2"@"SEL$2")
      USE_HASH(@"SEL$5DA710D3" "T2"@"SEL$2")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - access("T1"."C2"="T2"."C2")
   3 - filter("C3"='A2')
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - (#keys=1) "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1], "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22]
   2 - (rowset=256) "T1"."C1"[NUMBER,22], "T1"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1]
   3 - "T2"."C2"[VARCHAR2,1]
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)
半连接

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liyasong/p/oracle_zhixingjihua.html