linux下配置安装

阿里云软件源配置说明
本教程所用centos:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/centos      https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror
--源配置
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum makecache生成缓存

--centos7 安装

https://www.cnblogs.com/yaohong/p/7240387.html

 http://blog.csdn.net/jcxch/article/details/48632761

http://blog.csdn.net/ldpxxx/article/details/25948435

--jdk

        rpm -qa | grep jdk

        sudo yum remove xxx(上个命令查找到)

        wget http://learning.happymmall.com/jdk/jdk-7u80-linux-x64.rpm
        
        --aliyun用官网下载的比较快
        wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/java/jdk/7u80-b15/jdk-7u80-linux-x64.rpm?AuthParam=1499055182_01e4d2b4fa7768d55a1cc2cc87ca2407

        sudo rpm -ivh jdk-7u80-linux-x64.rpm    //默认是/usr/java下
        配置环境变量
        sudo vim /etc/profile
            export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80
            export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
            export MAVEN_HOME=/developer/apache-maven-3.0.5
            export NODE_HOME=/usr/local/node-v4.4.7-linux-x64
            export RUBY_HOME=/usr/local/ruby
            export CATALINA_HOME=/developer/apache-tomcat-7.0.73

            export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$NODE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:$RUBY_HOME/bin

            export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

        source /etc/profile
        java -version

--tomcat

        wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.73/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.73.tar.gz
        
        wget http://learning.happymmall.com/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.73.tar.gz
        

        tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.73.tar.gz
        vim apache-tomcat-7.0.73/conf/server.xml 
        <Connector URIEncoding="UTF-8" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
               
        ./startup.sh
        tailf logs/catalina.out
        tail -500f logs/catalina.out

--maven

    wget http://learning.happymmall.com/maven/apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.tar.gz
    
    wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/maven/maven-3/3.0.5/binaries/apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.tar.gz
    
    mvn -version

--vsftpd

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-04/142699.htm

    rpm -qa | grep vsftpd     //查看是否安装
    sudo yum -y install vsftpd
    cd /
    mkdir product
    cd product
    useradd ftpuser -d /product/ftpfile -s /sbin/nologin
    chown -R ftpuser.ftpuser ./ftpfile/
    passwd ftpuser
    123456
    
    cd /etc/vsftpd/
    vim chroot_list
            ftpuser
    
    vim /etc/selinux/config 
            SELINUX=disabled
    
    setsebool -P ftp_home_dir 1
    
    mv vsftpd.conf vsftpd.conf.bak
    wget http://learning.happymmall.com/vsftpdconfig/vsftpd.conf
    
    vim vsftpd.conf
    ...
    
    cd /product/ftpfile
    mkdir img
    chown ftpuser img/
    chgrp ftpuser img/
    ll | grep ftp        //查看当前文件夹的组 用户
    chmod g+w img/
    
    service vsftpd start
    service vsftpd restart
    -- 开机启动vsftpd ftp服务
    chkconfig vsftpd on
    
    yum install ftp
    ftp 47.94.213.186
    passive
    exit

注: 从2.3.5之后,vsftpd增强了安全检查,如果用户被限定在了其主目录下,则该用户的主目录不能再具有写权限了!如果检查发现还有写权限,就会报该错误。
要修复这个错误,可以用命令chmod a-w /home/user去除用户主目录的写权限,注意把目录替换成你自己的。
或者你可以在vsftpd的配置文件中增加下列两项中的一项:
allow_writeable_chroot=YES

vsftpd出现553 Could not create file 解决方法,以Linux系统centos版本为例:
1、首先确保FTP目录文件是可写的,ls查看,如果不是修改权限。
ls -l
chmod 777 FTP目录
2、使用以下命令。
#查看ftpd_disable_trans ftp_home_dir allow_ftpd_full_access 是否为on。
getsebool -a|grep ftp
#如果不是则使用
setsebool allow_sftpd_full_access on
setsebool ftpd_disable_trans on
setsebool ftp_home_dir on
3、一般执行以上命令后就可以了,如果还不行请查看FTP的配置文件,如果配置文件没有问题可以先远程连接服务器在FTP目录下随便创建一个文件,使用ftp刷新下目录,问题即可解决。

--nginx

    cd /developer/setup
    wget http://learning.happymmall.com/nginx/linux-nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
    wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
    
    --nginx安装依赖命令
    yum -y install gcc zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel
    
    
    tar -zxvf linux-nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
    
    ./configure
    make
    make install
    whereis nginx
    cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
    vim nginx.conf
            include vhost/*.conf;    --有分号    
     mkdir vhost
     wget http://learning.happymmall.com/nginx/linux_conf/vhost/admin.happymmall.com.conf
     wget http://learning.happymmall.com/nginx/linux_conf/vhost/happymmall.com.conf
     wget http://learning.happymmall.com/nginx/linux_conf/vhost/img.happymmall.com.conf
     wget http://learning.happymmall.com/nginx/linux_conf/vhost/s.happymmall.com.conf
     
    cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
    ./nginx

--mysql

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-09/135288.htm

        查看有没有安装mysql 
        rpm -qa | grep mysql-server
        
        yum -y install mysql-server
        
        vim /etc/my.cnf
            
            [mysqld]
            datadir=/var/lib/mysql
            socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
            user=mysql
            character-set-server=utf8
            default-character-set=utf8
     
        mysql的自启动
        chkconfig mysqld on
        chkconfig --list
        chkconfig --list mysqld
        
        service mysqld restart
        mysql -u root
        select user,host,password from mysql.user;
        
        set password for root@localhost = password('rootpassword');
        set password for root@127.0.0.1 = password('rootpassword');
        set password for root@iz2ze2van3ny7c9xebojxwz = password('rootpassword');
        delete from mysql.user where user='';
        
        select user,host,password from mysql.user;
        insert into mysql.user(user,host,password) values ("liuzhipeng","localhost",password("liuzhipengpassword"));
        flush privileges;
        ---root 重新登录
        mysql -u root -prootpassword
        create database `mmall` default character set utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
        show databases;
        
        --赋予mmall所有权限到liuzhipeng
        grant all privileges on mmall.* to liuzhipeng@localhost identified by 'liuzhipengpassword' with grant option;
        flush privileges;
        
        exit
        
        cd /developer
        wget http://learning.happymmall.com/mmall.sql
        ---root 重新登录
        use mmall
        source /developer/mmall.sql
        show tables;
        select * from mmall_product G;
    
        
insert into mysql.user(user,host,password) values("liuzhipeng","%",password("liuzhipengpassword"));
grant all privileges on mmall.* to 'liuzhipeng'@'%' identified by 'liuzhipengpassword' with grant option;
delete from mysql.user where host='%';
flush privileges;
show processlist;
select user,host,password from mysql.user;
select * from mysql.user G;
mysql -h 47.94.213.186 -P 3306 -u liuzhipeng -pliuzhipengpassword

ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '47.94.213.186' (10060)
如下图所示,链接远程的数据库提示Can't connect to MySQL server (10060)。
遇到这个问题,我们首先做一个分析,导致这种状况出现的几种原因:
a、bind-address 对于连接的ip做了一个限定
b、数据库用户只能在指定的ip上连接
c、网络,防火墙可能导致的问题
aliyun的安全组
阿里云防火墙

--git

        --git安装依赖命令
        sudo yum -y install zlib-devel openssl-devel cpio expat-devel gettext-devel curl-devel perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils- MakeMaker

        wget xxxxx.tar.gz
        tar -zxvf git-v2.8.0.tar.gz 
        cd git-v2.8.0
        make prefix=/usr/local/git all
        make prefix=/usr/local/git install
        
        whereis git
        vim /etc/profile
            export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$
NODE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:$RUBY_HOME/bin


        source /etc/profile
        git --version
        
        
        git config --global user.name porters
        git config --global user.email 1906846616@qq.com

        git config --global core.autocrlf false                //忽略win和linux的换行符转换
        git config --global core.quotepath off        //避免中文乱码
        git config --global gui.encoding utf-8
        
        ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "1906846616@qq.com"
        --一路回车
        
        eval `ssh-agent`
        ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
        
        cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
        ...

--线上防火墙

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-05/117473.htm

==================================centos7:=======================================

禁用/停止自带的firewalld服务

#停止firewalld服务

  sudo systemctl stop firewald.service

#禁用firewalld服务

  systemctl mask firewalld

#禁止firewall开机启动

  systemctl disable firewalld.service

  firewall-cmd --state #查看默认防火墙状态(关闭后显示notrunning,开启后显示running)

======================================================================================

#先检查是否安装了iptables

  service iptables status

#安装iptables
  yum install -y iptables

#升级iptables
  yum update iptables 

#安装iptables-services、iptables-devel

  sudo yum install iptables-services iptables-devel

#注册iptables服务#相当于以前的chkconfig iptables on

  systemctl enable iptables.service

--设置开机自启动

  systemctl start iptables.service

#查看状态

  systemctl status iptables.service

 ==========================================

#开启转发功能

  (1) 在 /etc/sysctl.conf 中添加 net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

  (2) sudo sysctl -p 同步内核参数

  (3) 继续查看内核参数 less /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward  如果为1 则配置生效

===========================================

#查看iptables现有规则
  iptables -L -n

#先允许所有,不然有可能会杯具
  iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT

#清空所有默认规则
  iptables -F

#清空所有自定义规则
  iptables -X
#所有计数器归0
  iptables -Z

#允许本机lo通信 允许来自于lo接口的数据包(本地访问)

iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
--配置允许SSH登陆端口进入
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT

#开放22端口
  iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
#开放21端口(FTP)
  iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
#开放80端口(HTTP)
  iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
#开放443端口(HTTPS)
  iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

--允许所有的ping操作

  iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT

#允许ping

  iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT

--设置默认的访问规则 

  iptables -P INPUT DROP

  iptables -P FORWARD DROP

  iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT

#允许接受本机请求之后的返回数据 RELATED,是为FTP设置的

  iptables -A INPUT -m state --state  RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

#其他入站一律丢弃

  iptables -P INPUT DROP

#所有出站一律绿灯

  iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT

#所有转发一律丢弃

iptables -P FORWARD DROP

--允许关联的状态包通过

iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

--开放特定的端口,以80为例

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT

其他规则设定

#如果要添加内网ip信任(接受其所有TCP请求)
  iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 45.96.174.68 -j ACCEPT
#过滤所有非以上规则的请求
  iptables -P INPUT DROP
#要封停一个IP,使用下面这条命令:
  iptables -I INPUT -s ***.***.***.*** -j DROP
#要解封一个IP,使用下面这条命令:
  iptables -D INPUT -s ***.***.***.*** -j DROP

 

解决vsftpd在iptables开启后,无法使用被动模式的问题

 

1.首先在/etc/sysconfig/iptables-config中修改或者添加以下内容

#添加以下内容,注意顺序不能调换
IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_ftp"
IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_nat_ftp"

2.重新设置iptables设置

iptables -A INPUT -m state --state  RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

===================================================================

以下为完整设置脚本

#!/bin/sh
iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
iptables -F
iptables -X
iptables -Z
iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -P INPUT DROP
iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
iptables -P FORWARD DROP


service iptables save
systemctl restart iptables.service

==================================================================

--保存配置

service iptables save

--重启

systemctl restart iptables.service

#查看iptables配置文件

  sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

 

 


cd /etc/sysconfig/ ll | grep ipt //查找 iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT service iptables save mv iptables iptables.baks wget http://learning.happymmall.com/env/iptables 修改一下 service iptables restart

--其他

    win:(本机访问拦截 --->47.94.213.186)
            C:WindowsSystem32driversetc
            
            47.94.213.186 www.sundaysmall.com
            47.94.213.186 admin.sundaysmall.com
            47.94.213.186 img.sundaysmall.com
            47.94.213.186 s.sundaysmall.com
            
            47.94.213.186 www.mmall.com
            47.94.213.186 admin.mmall.com
            47.94.213.186 img.mmall.com
            47.94.213.186 s.mmall.com
    linux: 
        cd /etc
        ll | grep host
        vim /etc/hosts
    
    nginx:
        listen 47.94.213.186;
        autoindex on;
        server_name mmall.com www.mmall.com;
        ...
        
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        }    
        或者
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
        }    
        location / {
            root /product/ftpfile/img/;
            add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
        }
        location / {
            root /product/front/;
            add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
        }
        
        --在aliyun验证
        ping www.mmal.com
        
        负载均衡
        upstream tomcat_server_pool{
            server 192.168.101.5:8080 weight=10;
            server 192.168.101.6:8080 weight=10;
        }

        server {
            listen 80;
            server_name aaa.test.com;
            location / {
                     proxy_pass http://tomcat_server_pool;
                     index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
            }
        }

---自动化发布脚本

        cd /developer
        wget http://learning.happymmall.com/deploy/deploy.sh
        vim deploy.sh
        
        mkdir git-repository
        sudo chown -R liuzhipeng /developer/
        sudo chown u+w -R /developer/
        sudo chown u+r -R /developer/
        sudo chown u+x -R /developer/
        
        cd git-repository
        git clone git@git.oschina.net:porters/mmall.git
        sh ./deploy.sh
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuzhipeng/p/7571377.html