前后台交互实现点击超链接通过指定的 url 去网络或者文件服务器下载文件

前台 VUE 界面:

<el-table-column prop="attachment" align="center" label="附件详情">
    <template slot-scope="scope">
        <!--<el-button @click="downloadFile(scope.row.fileName,scope.row.fileUrl)">{{scope.row.fileName}}</el-button>-->
        <a @click="downloadFile(scope.row.fileName,scope.row.fileUrl)">{{scope.row.fileName}}</a>
    </template>
</el-table-column>
//window.open打开一个新的浏览器窗口,通过 url 对后台的 rest 接口进行调用
downloadFile(fileName,fileUrl){ let param
= {"fileUrl": fileUrl, "fileName": fileName};   window.open(   downloadManage.downloadFile(param),   this.openType ); },
/* 下载文件,对参数 url 和 fileName 进行拼接处理,然后通过 window.open 对后台的 rest 接口进行调用 */
export const downloadManage = {
  downloadFile: (query) => requestGetUrl('/process/downloadFile.do_', query, 'post'),
};

后台java代码:(rest接口,供前台进行调用)

  /**
     * 下载文件   
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/downloadFile.do_")
    @ResponseBody
    public void downloadFile(
            HttpServletResponse response,
            @RequestParam String fileUrl,
            @RequestParam String fileName
    ) {
        downLoadFromUrl(fileUrl,fileName,response);
    }

    /**
     * 从网络Url中下载文件
     * @param urlStr       指定的url
     * @param fileName     下载文件完成要叫的名字
     * @param response
     */
    public static void  downLoadFromUrl(String urlStr,String fileName,HttpServletResponse response){

        try {
            URL url = new URL(urlStr);
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
    
         //增加头部,说明该文件为附件,只能进行下载,不直接读
            response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload; charset=UTF-8");
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName);

            //得到输入流
            InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();

            BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
            OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
            BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(os);
            /* ContentLength必须设置,否则文件下载不全
             * 或者调用 BufferedOutputStream#write(byte[] b, int off, int len) 方法输出
             */
            response.setContentLength(bis.available());
            byte[] b = new byte[1024];
            while(bis.read(b) != -1) {
                bos.write(b);
            }
            bos.flush();


            LOGGER.info("info:"+fileName+" download success");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            LOGGER.error("uploadFile failed", e);
        }

    }

注意:上面的方法有一个小问题:用过url去网络获取 inputStream 是一点一点不断获取,获取的过程中就去写这个 inputStream  ,则 inputStream  还没有获取完就写了,导致文件最后有缺失,所以可以给 inputStream 加一个同步锁synchronized,就能使 inputStream  全部获取完并写,这样就能获取完整的 inputStream 并写下来,就能下载一个完整的文件

public static void  downLoadFromUrl(String urlStr,String fileName,HttpServletResponse response){

        URL url = null;
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        try {
            url = new URL(urlStr);
            conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
        }catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("HttpURLConnection failed", e);
        }
        try (
                InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();
                BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
                OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
                BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(os);
        ) {
            //未知上传的文件类型设置ContentType 和 Header
            response.setContentType("application/octet-stream; charset=UTF-8");
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + new String(fileName.getBytes(),"ISO8859-1"));

            //同步块,同步 inputStream ,边获取 inputStream 边写,一直到全部获取完 inputStream
            synchronized (inputStream) {
                byte[] b = new byte[1024];
                int count = 0;
                int len;
                while((len = bis.read(b)) != -1) {
                    bos.write(b, 0, len);
                    count++;
                }
                bos.flush();
                //多少 Kb 大小的文件,则循环多少次,为count值
                LOGGER.info("write BufferedOutputStream:" + count);
                LOGGER.info("info:" + fileName + " download success");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("uploadFile failed", e);
        }

    }

会出现如下通常我们网上点击某超链接下载文件的效果:(下载完成出现在浏览器页面左下角)

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuqing576598117/p/9936400.html