7.ES几种常见的搜索方式

主要知识点 

1, query string search

(1)  GET /ecommerce/product/_search

(2) GET/ecommerce/product/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc

   

2,query DSL

(1)GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query": { "match_all": {} }

}

2)、GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query" : {

   "match" : {

      "name" : "yagao"

  }

},

"sort": [

{ "price": "desc" } ]

}

 3)、GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query": { "match_all": {} },

"from": 1, # 从第几个开始查,从0开始

"size": 1 ,# 查几个

}

   

4)、GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query": { "match_all": {} },

"_source": ["name", "price"]

}

3query filter

1)、GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query" : {

  "bool" : {

    "must" : {

      "match" : {

        "name" : "yagao"

  }

},

"filter" : {

  "range" : {

    "price" : { "gt" : 25 } #大于25

        }

      }

    }

  }

}

4, full-text search

GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query" : {

  "match" : {

    "producer" : "yagao producer"

    }

  }

}

5, phrase search

GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query" : {

  "match_phrase" : {

    "producer" : "yagao producer"

    }

   }

}

   

6, highlight search

GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query" : {

  "match" : {

    "producer" : "producer"

  }

},

"highlight": {

  "fields" : {

    "producer" : {}

    }

   }

}

  • 一 query string search

    1、搜索全部商品

    语法:GET /ecommerce/product/_search

    结果的一些说明:

    took:耗费了几毫秒

    timed_out:是否超时,这里是没有

    _shards:数据拆成了5个分片,所以对于搜索请求,会打到所有的primary shard(或者是它的某个replica shard也可以)

    hits.total:查询结果的数量,3document

    hits.max_scorescore的含义,就是document对于一个search的相关度的匹配分数,越相关,就越匹配,分数也高

    hits.hits:包含了匹配搜索的document的详细数据

     结果如下:

    {

    "took": 2,

    "timed_out": false,

    "_shards": {

    "total": 5,

    "successful": 5,

    "failed": 0

    },

    "hits": {

    "total": 3,

    "max_score": 1,

    "hits": [

    {

    "_index": "ecommerce",

    "_type": "product",

    "_id": "2",

    "_score": 1,

    "_source": {

    "name": "jiajieshi yagao",

    "desc": "youxiao fangzhu",

    "price": 25,

    "producer": "jiajieshi producer",

    "tags": [

    "fangzhu"

    ]

    }

    },

    数据未展示完,只展示了一条数据

       

    query string search的由来:因为search参数都是以http请求的query string来附带的。

    2、对搜索的结果集进行排序

    搜索商品名称中包含yagao的商品,而且按照售价降序排序:

    GET /ecommerce/product/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc

       

    这种方式适用于临时的在命令行使用一些工具,比如curl,快速的发出请求,来检索想要的信息;但是如果查询请求很复杂,是很难去构建的

    在生产环境中,几乎很少使用query string search

    query DSL

    DSLDomain Specified Language,特定领域的语言

    http request body:请求体,可以用json的格式来构建查询语法,比较方便,可以构建各种复杂的语法,比query string search肯定强大多了

    语法:

    GET /Index/type/_search

    { "query":{查询体}

    }

    1、查询所有的商品

    GET /ecommerce/product/_search

    {

    "query": { "match_all": {} }

    }

    2、查询名称包含特定词语,同时对结果进行降序排序

    查询名称包含yagao的商品,同时按照价格降序排序

    GET /ecommerce/product/_search

    {

    "query" : {

    "match" : {

    "name" : "yagao"

    }

    },

    "sort": [

    { "price": "desc" } ]

    }

    3、分页查询

    分页查询商品,总共3条商品,假设每页就显示1条商品,现在显示第2页,所以就查出来第2个商品

    GET /ecommerce/product/_search

    {

    "query": { "match_all": {} },

    "from": 1, # 从第几个开始查,从0开始

    "size": 1 ,# 查几个

    }

    4、只需要特定fileds

    指定要查询出来商品的名称和价格就可以(只显示特定的fileds)

       

    GET /ecommerce/product/_search

    {

    "query": { "match_all": {} },

    "_source": ["name", "price"]

    }

       

    query DSL更加适合生产环境的使用,可以构建复杂的查询

      query filter

    对数据进行过滤

    搜索商品名称包含yagao,而且售价大于25元的商品

       

    GET /ecommerce/product/_search

    {

    "query" : {

    "bool" : {

    "must" : {

    "match" : {

    "name" : "yagao"

    }

    },

    "filter" : {

    "range" : {

    "price" : { "gt" : 25 } #大于25

    }

    }

    }

    }

    }

     full-text search(全文检索)

    全文检索会将输入的搜索串拆解开来,去倒排索引里面去一一匹配,只要能匹配上任意一个拆解后的单词,就可以作为结果返回,顺序有匹配的相关度从高到底排列.

    查询 producer 里包含"yagao producer"的数据

    GET /ecommerce/product/_search

    {

    "query" : {

    "match" : {

    "producer" : "yagao producer"

    }

    }

    }

        

    producer这个字段,会先被拆解,建立倒排索引

term

id

special 

4

yagao

4

producer

1,2,3,4

gaolujie

2

zhognhua

3

jiajieshi

2

   

搜索词yagao producer 被拆分为yagaoproducer,然后分别去匹配,producer可以匹配1,2,3,4,yagao可以匹配4,所以四条数据均会被查询出来,但是"special yagao producer"在最高头.因为他的相关度最高.

   

{

"took": 4,

"timed_out": false,

"_shards": {

"total": 5,

"successful": 5,

"failed": 0

},

"hits": {

"total": 4,

"max_score": 0.70293105,

"hits": [

{

"_index": "ecommerce",

"_type": "product",

"_id": "4",

"_score": 0.70293105,

"_source": {

"name": "special yagao",

"desc": "special meibai",

"price": 50,

"producer": "special yagao producer",

"tags": [

"meibai"

]

}

},

数据未展示全

   

phrase search(短语搜索)

跟全文检索相对应,相反,全文检索会将输入的搜索串拆解开来,去倒排索引里面去一一匹配,只要能匹配上任意一个拆解后的单词,就可以作为结果返回。phrase search,要求输入的搜索串,必须在指定的字段文本中,完全包含一模一样的,才可以算匹配,才能作为结果返回.

   

GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query" : {

"match_phrase" : {

"producer" : "yagao producer"

}

}

}

   

{

"took": 11,

"timed_out": false,

"_shards": {

"total": 5,

"successful": 5,

"failed": 0

},

"hits": {

"total": 1,

"max_score": 0.70293105,

"hits": [

{

"_index": "ecommerce",

"_type": "product",

"_id": "4",

"_score": 0.70293105,

"_source": {

"name": "special yagao",

"desc": "special meibai",

"price": 50,

"producer": "special yagao producer",

"tags": [

"meibai"

]

}

}

]

}

}

    

highlight search(高亮搜索结果)

   

GET /ecommerce/product/_search

{

"query" : {

"match" : {

"producer" : "producer"

}

},

"highlight": {

"fields" : {

"producer" : {}

}

}

}

结果是

{

"took": 66,

"timed_out": false,

"_shards": {

"total": 5,

"successful": 5,

"failed": 0

},

"hits": {

"total": 4,

"max_score": 0.70293105,

"hits": [

{

"_index": "ecommerce",

"_type": "product",

"_id": "4",

"_score": 0.70293105,

"_source": {

"name": "special yagao",

"desc": "special meigai",

"price": 50,

"producer": "special yagao producer"

},

"highlight": {

"producer": [

"special <em>yagao</em> <em>producer</em>"

]

}

},

最后这一段就表示我们搜索的高亮.

最后特别说明:

无论是学什么技术,一定自己动手,特别是手工敲各种命令和代码,切记切记,减少复制粘贴的操作。只有自己动手手工敲,学习效果才最好。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuqianli/p/8433662.html