[leetcode]170. Two Sum III

Design and implement a TwoSum class. It should support the following operations: add and find.

add - Add the number to an internal data structure.
find - Find if there exists any pair of numbers which sum is equal to the value.

Example 1:

add(1); add(3); add(5);
find(4) -> true
find(7) -> false

Example 2:

add(3); add(1); add(2);
find(3) -> true
find(6) -> false

题目

设计一个数据结构,能像其中添加数,能查找其中是否存在两数相加等于某值。

Solution1: HashMap

            

重头戏在find()的实现, 类似two sum的思想:遍历所有的key,同时算出remain = sum - key,  我们的任务是查找

1. key 等于 remain时, 要组成一对pair的条件是map.get(key) >1 

2. key不等于remain, 要组成一对pair的条件是,remain也在map中

code

 1 class TwoSum {  // O(1) add, O(n)find
 2 
 3     private Map<Integer, Integer> map;
 4  
 5     /** Initialize your data structure here. */
 6     public TwoSum() {
 7         map = new HashMap<>();      
 8     }
 9     
10     /** Add the number to an internal data structure.. */
11     public void add(int number) {
12         if(!map.containsKey(number)){
13             map.put(number, 1);
14         }else{
15             map.put(number, map.get(number)+1);
16         }  
17     }
18     
19     /** Find if there exists any pair of numbers which sum is equal to the value. */
20     public boolean find(int value) {
21         for (Integer num : map.keySet()){
22             int remain = value - num;      
23             if (( num == remain && map.get(num) > 1) || num != remain && map.containsKey(remain)){
24                 return true;
25             }
26         }    
27        return false; 
28     }
29 }

注意:

我之前写成

            if(remaining != n){
                return map.containsKey(remaining);
            }else{
                if(map.get(n) > 1){
                    return true;
                }
            }

一直想不通逻辑上有什么区别。

比如 

add(3), add(2), add(1),  find(5)

而此时遍历的key是1, 对应remaining = 4 

如果按照错误的思路,程序会直接return map.containsKey(4) -> false 

而程序并没有尝试key是3, 对应remaining = 2,  rreturn true 的情况

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Followup1: 

要求O(1) find

思路

1. 在add()操作的时候,就用set做了pre-computation, 来记录 sum for any pair of numbers

2. 如此,在find()操作是,只需要check一下set.contains() 即可

代码

 1 // O(n) add, O(1) find
 2 public class TwoSumIII {
 3     Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
 4     Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>();
 5 
 6     public void add(int number) {
 7         // record sum for any pair of numbers
 8         for (Integer n : map.keySet()){
 9             set.add(number + n);
10         }
11         // key: each item, value: its frequency
12         if(!map.containsKey(number)){
13             map.put(number, 1);
14         }else{
15             map.put(number, map.get(number) + 1);
16         }
17     }
18     // set.contains() using O(1) time 
19     public boolean find(int value) {
20         return set.contains(value);
21     }
22 }
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuliu5151/p/9828201.html