atomic使用有点费劲，我改为centos7来做为学习环境。
1 安装
epel源就自带，目前版本是1.10.3
yum -y install docker
docker version
Client:
Version: 1.10.3
API version: 1.22
Package version: docker-common-1.10.3-46.el7.centos.10.x86_64
Go version: go1.6.3
Git commit: d381c64-unsupported
Built: Thu Aug 4 13:21:17 2016
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.10.3
API version: 1.22
Package version: docker-common-1.10.3-46.el7.centos.10.x86_64
Go version: go1.6.3
Git commit: d381c64-unsupported
Built: Thu Aug 4 13:21:17 2016
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
2 使用加速器下载镜像
国内访问docker.io剧慢，好在daocloud有号称终身免费的加速器，使用方法如下
curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://682e782c.m.daocloud.io
不过这条命令运行后加速没什么效果，因为set_mirror.sh脚本有问题
if grep "CentOS Linux release 7" /etc/redhat-release > /dev/null
then
if [[ "$docker_version" -lt 12 ]]
then
sudo sed -i "s|ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon|ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon --registry-mirror="$MIRROR_URL"|g" /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
else
sudo sed -i "s|^ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd$|ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --registry-mirror="$MIRROR_URL"|g" /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
fi
echo "Success."
echo "You need to restart docker to take effect : sudo systemctl restart docker "
exit 0
else
echo "Error: Set mirror failed, please set registry-mirror manually please."
exit 1
fi
脚本里是ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon，docker.servicej里实际是ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker-current daemon，所以在后面手工加上--registry-'mirror=http://682e782c.m.daocloud.io'
更改完后，别忘记执行
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker && systemctl enable docker
3 下载镜像
docker pull centos:6
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ...
6: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
08a7a0bb6122: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:cd6d68000b47a91e7c94b558d7e3e653c3f0eac1a77842d97b0b7ad955cad608
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:6
docker pull centos:7
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ...
7: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
3d8673bd162a: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a66ffcb73930584413de83311ca11a4cb4938c9b2521d331026dad970c19adf4
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:7
docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/centos 6 a3c09d36ab4a 3 weeks ago 194.6 MB
docker.io/centos 7 970633036444 3 weeks ago 196.7 MB
4 建立交互型容器
docker run -i -t centos:6 /bin/bash
[root@cab9ff817b6b /]# hostname
cab9ff817b6b
[root@cab9ff817b6b /]# cat /etc/hosts
...
172.17.0.2 cab9ff817b6b
[root@cab9ff817b6b /]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:02
inet addr:172.17.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:2/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:648 (648.0 b) TX bytes:648 (648.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
[root@cab9ff817b6b /]# yum install vim
[root@cab9ff817b6b /]# exit
docker run --name web-01 -i -t centos:6 /bin/bash
5 启动容器
docker start cab9ff817b6b
cab9ff817b6b
docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cab9ff817b6b centos:6 "/bin/bash" 6 minutes ago Up 4 seconds suspicious_bose
docker attach cab9ff817b6b
附着容器，可以理解登录容器的交互界面
6 建立守护型容器
docker run --name test_01 -d centos:6 /bin/sh -c 'while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done'
c7d4781438a7a83d51324c0f2ed1237ab8a61a7b64911f20bc99ceeaf4e27955
docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c7d4781438a7 centos:6 "/bin/sh -c 'while tr" 9 seconds ago Up 7 seconds test_01
docker rm c7d4781438a7
Failed to remove container (c7d4781438a7): Error response from daemon: Conflict, You cannot remove a running container. Stop the container before attempting removal or use -f
docker stop c7d4781438a7
c7d4781438a7
docker rm c7d4781438a7
c7d4781438a7
7 容器状态
docker top fb6b7ef0ef52
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 22974 21672 1 03:12 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh -c while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done
root 23031 22974 0 03:12 ? 00:00:00 sl
docker logs fb6b7ef0ef52
docker logs -f fb6b7ef0ef52
8 在容器内部运行进程
docker exec -d fb6b7ef0ef52 touch /etc/new_config_file
docker exec -i -t fb6b7ef0ef52 /bin/bash
[root@fb6b7ef0ef52 /]# ls /etc/new_config_file
/etc/new_config_file
8 自动重启容器
docker run --restart=always --name test_01 -d centos:6 /bin/sh -c 'while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done'
或者异常退出，自动重启5次
--restart=on-failure:5
9 获取更多容器信息
docker inspect fb6b7ef0ef52
docker inspect --format '{{.Name}} {{.State.Running}}' fb6b7ef0ef52
/test_01 true
杀死所有running状态的容器
docker kill $(docker ps -q)
删除所有已经停止的容器
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
删除所有’untagged/dangling’ ()状态的镜像
docker rmi $(docker images -q -f dangling=true)
删除所有镜像：
docker rmi $(docker images -q)