1、查看环境变量
[root@centos79 tmp]# export | wc -l 29 [root@centos79 tmp]# export declare -x HISTCONTROL="ignoredups" declare -x HISTSIZE="1000" declare -x HOME="/root" declare -x HOSTNAME="centos79" declare -x LANG="en_US.UTF-8" declare -x LESSOPEN="||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s" declare -x LOGNAME="root" declare -x LS_COLORS="rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=01;05;37;41:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.axv=01;35:*.anx=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=01;36:*.au=01;36:*.flac=01;36:*.mid=01;36:*.midi=01;36:*.mka=01;36:*.mp3=01;36:*.mpc=01;36:*.ogg=01;36:*.ra=01;36:*.wav=01;36:*.axa=01;36:*.oga=01;36:*.spx=01;36:*.xspf=01;36:" declare -x MAIL="/var/spool/mail/root" declare -x OLDPWD="/" declare -x PATH="/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/home/software:/root/bin:/home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta" declare -x PWD="/home/tmp" declare -x QTDIR="/usr/lib64/qt-3.3" declare -x QTINC="/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/include" declare -x QTLIB="/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/lib" declare -x QT_GRAPHICSSYSTEM_CHECKED="1" declare -x SELINUX_LEVEL_REQUESTED="" declare -x SELINUX_ROLE_REQUESTED="" declare -x SELINUX_USE_CURRENT_RANGE="" declare -x SHELL="/bin/bash" declare -x SHLVL="1" declare -x SSH_CLIENT="192.168.3.4 53867 22" declare -x SSH_CONNECTION="192.168.3.4 53867 192.168.3.83 22" declare -x SSH_TTY="/dev/pts/0" declare -x TERM="xterm" declare -x USER="root" declare -x XDG_DATA_DIRS="/root/.local/share/flatpak/exports/share:/var/lib/flatpak/exports/share:/usr/local/share:/usr/share" declare -x XDG_RUNTIME_DIR="/run/user/0" declare -x XDG_SESSION_ID="26"
2、设定环境变量（以gcta64软件为例）
[root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# ls gcta64 MIT_License.txt README.txt test.bed test.bim test.fam test.phen [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# gcta64 bash: gcta64: command not found... [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# echo $PATH /usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/home/software:/root/bin [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# pwd /home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# export PATH=$PATH:/home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# echo $PATH /usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/home/software:/root/bin:/home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# gcta64 ## 可以直接调用， 重启终端将失效 ******************************************************************* * Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) * version 1.93.2 beta Linux * (C) 2010-present, Jian Yang, The University of Queensland * Please report bugs to Jian Yang <jian.yang.qt@gmail.com> ******************************************************************* Analysis started at 21:30:50 CST on Tue Jul 06 2021. Hostname: centos79 Error: no analysis has been launched by the option(s) Please see online documentation at http://cnsgenomics.com/software/gcta
2、修改环境变量配置文件 ~/.bash_profile(仅对个人起作用）、/etc/profile（对所有用户起作用）
首先重启终端, 测试gata64软件：
[root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# ls gcta64 MIT_License.txt README.txt test.bed test.bim test.fam test.phen [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# gcta64 bash: gcta64: command not found... [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# pwd /home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta" >> ~/.bash_profile [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# tail -n 3 ~/.bash_profile export PATH export PATH=/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/home/software:/root/bin:/home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# gcta64 bash: gcta64: command not found... [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# source ~/.bash_profile [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# gcta64 ******************************************************************* * Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) * version 1.93.2 beta Linux * (C) 2010-present, Jian Yang, The University of Queensland * Please report bugs to Jian Yang <jian.yang.qt@gmail.com> ******************************************************************* Analysis started at 21:37:03 CST on Tue Jul 06 2021. Hostname: centos79 Error: no analysis has been launched by the option(s) Please see online documentation at http://cnsgenomics.com/software/gcta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# su - liujiaxin01 Last login: Tue Jul 6 19:49:01 CST 2021 on pts/0 [liujiaxin01@centos79 ~]$ gcta64 bash: gcta64: command not found...
[liujiaxin01@centos79 ~]$ su - root
Password:
Last login: Tue Jul 6 21:40:41 CST 2021 from 192.168.3.4 on pts/0
[root@centos79 ~]# sed '$d' ~/.bash_profile -i ## 删除对配置文件增加的一行
3、重启终端，修改/etc/profile测试
[root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# ls gcta64 MIT_License.txt README.txt test.bed test.bim test.fam test.phen [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# gcta64 bash: gcta64: command not found... [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# pwd /home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta" >> /etc/profile [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# tail -n 3 /etc/profile unset -f pathmunge export PATH=$PATH:/home/software export PATH=/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/home/software:/root/bin:/home/tmp/gcta_1.93.2beta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# gcta64 bash: gcta64: command not found... [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# source /etc/profile [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# gcta64 ******************************************************************* * Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) * version 1.93.2 beta Linux * (C) 2010-present, Jian Yang, The University of Queensland * Please report bugs to Jian Yang <jian.yang.qt@gmail.com> ******************************************************************* Analysis started at 21:45:59 CST on Tue Jul 06 2021. Hostname: centos79 Error: no analysis has been launched by the option(s) Please see online documentation at http://cnsgenomics.com/software/gcta [root@centos79 gcta_1.93.2beta]# su - liujiaxin01 Last login: Tue Jul 6 21:42:07 CST 2021 on pts/0 [liujiaxin01@centos79 ~]$ gcta64 ## 说明对所有用户都起作用 ******************************************************************* * Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) * version 1.93.2 beta Linux * (C) 2010-present, Jian Yang, The University of Queensland * Please report bugs to Jian Yang <jian.yang.qt@gmail.com> ******************************************************************* Analysis started at 21:46:07 CST on Tue Jul 06 2021. Hostname: centos79 Error: no analysis has been launched by the option(s) Please see online documentation at http://cnsgenomics.com/software/gcta [liujiaxin01@centos79 ~]$ su - root Password: Last login: Tue Jul 6 21:44:15 CST 2021 from 192.168.3.4 on pts/0 [root@centos79 ~]# sed '$d' /etc/profile -i