Go语言内置encoding/json包支持JSON序列化和反序列化，有如下转换规则
- 基本的数据结构映射关系
bool, for JSON booleans
float64, for JSON numbers
string, for JSON strings
[]interface{}, for JSON arrays
map[string]interface{}, for JSON objects
nil for JSON null
- 当有指针出现在数据结构中时，会转换成指针所指的值。
- chanel，complex和函数不能转化为有效的JSON文本
- JSON序列化时，需要定义一个struct结构，支持json tag来扩展功能, 对于未知的json数据结构，支持interface{}作为接收容器
type Computer struct {
Brand string
// -：不要解析这个字段
Name string `json: "-"`
// omitempty： 字段为0值时，不要解析
Price float32 `json: "omitempty"`
// 可以替换的字段
IsSupportAntCreditPay bool `json: "huabei,omitempty"`
HardwareConfiguration []string
}
func NewDecoder(r io.Reader) *Decoder
func NewEncoder(w io.Writer) *Encoder
实例
package main
import (
"fmt"
"encoding/json"
)
type Computer struct {
Brand string
Name string
Price float64
// 可以替换的字段
IsSupportAntCreditPay bool `json: "huabei`
HardwareConfiguration []string
}
func main() {
hc := []string{"RTX2080Ti", "i9-9900k", "32G", "DDR4 XMP", "512G SSD"}
alienware := Computer {
Brand: "Alienware",
Name: "外星人ALWS-R4968S",
Price: 0,
IsSupportAntCreditPay:false,
HardwareConfiguration: hc}
if b, err := json.Marshal(alienware); err !=nil {
return
} else {
fmt.Println(b)
fmt.Println()
var computer Computer
b := []byte(`{
"Brand": "Alienware",
"Name": "外星人ALWS-R4968S",
"Price": 0.0,
"huabei": "true",
"HardwareConfiguration": ["i7-8700K", "GTX 1080Ti"]
}`)
if err:= json.Unmarshal(b, &computer); err == nil {
fmt.Println(computer)
fmt.Println()
} else {
fmt.Println(err)
fmt.Println()
}
var unknowJson interface{}
if err:= json.Unmarshal(b, &unknowJson); err == nil {
unknowJson, ok := unknowJson.(map[string]interface{})
if ok {
for k, v := range unknowJson {
switch t := v.(type) {
case string:
fmt.Println("string:", k, " ", v)
case float64:
fmt.Println("float:", k, " ", v)
case bool:
fmt.Println("bool:", k, " ", v)
case []interface{}:
fmt.Println(k, "is an array:")
for i, iv := range t {
fmt.Println(i, iv)
}
default:
fmt.Println("unknow type:", k)
}
}
}
}
}
}