结构如图所示
1.同版本多实例 ：
3306节点部署请参考mysql 8,0安装部署
#1.创建相关目录
mkdir -p /data/3307/data /data/3308/data
#2.授权
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/
#3.编写配置文档
cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my3307.cnf
cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my3308.cnf
3307配置档：
[root@db01 /data20:22:30]# cat /etc/my3307.cnf
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
server_id=52
port=3307
3308配置档：
[root@db01 /data20:23:16]# cat /etc/my3308.cnf
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3308.sock
server_id=53
port=3308
#4.初始化
mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf --initialize-insecure
mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3308.cnf --initialize-insecure
#5.启动mysql(因为是同版本，mysqld已经在3306启动，所以用mysqd_safe,可参考mysql的启动)
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf &
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3308.cnf &
#6.登录测试
mysql -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
2.不同版本多实例：
#1.准备相关软件
上传软件版本/opt目录
mysql-5.6.50-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql-5.7.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
#2.解压
tar xf mysql-5.6.50-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar xf mysql-5.7.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
#3.做软链接
[root@db01 /usr/local20:42:21]# ln -s /opt/mysql-5.7.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql57
[root@db01 /usr/local20:42:38]# ln -s /opt/mysql-5.6.50-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql56
#4.创建数据目录及授权
mkdir -p /data/{3356,3357}/data
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
#5.创建配置档
cat > /etc/my3356.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql56
datadir=/data/3356/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3356.sock
server_id=56
port=3356
EOF
cat > /etc/my3357.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql57
datadir=/data/3357/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3357.sock
server_id=57
port=3357
EOF
#6.初始化
5.6版本：
/usr/local/mysql56/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql56 --datadir=/data/3356/data
5.7版本：
/usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3357.cnf --initialize-insecure
#7.启动mysql
/usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3357.cnf &
/usr/local/mysql56/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3356.cnf &
#8.登录测试Mysql
mysql -S /tmp/mysql3356.sock
mysql -S /tmp/mysql3357.sock
3.遇到报错处理：
#mysql 5.7.32版本：
[ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Address already in use
[ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /tmp/mysql3357.sock ?
[ERROR] Aborting
[root@db01 /tmp23:05:25]# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 20 21:58 mysql3356.sock
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 5 Nov 20 22:02 mysql3356.sock.lock
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 20 21:58 mysql3357.sock
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 5 Nov 20 22:15 mysql3357.sock.lock
处理方法：
将占用sock文件删掉，重启
/usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3357.cnf &
#mysql 5.6.50版本：
2021-11-20 23:08:02 8811 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist
先将data目录下的数据全部删掉，重新初始化和启动后测试OK