配置管理

1.Secret
2.Configmap

Secret

加密数据并存放Etcd中，让Pod的容器以挂载Volume方式访问。
应用场景：凭据官方参考地址https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/

1、创建一个密码配置文件 secret

方式一

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# echo -n 'admin' > ./username.txt
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# echo -n '1f2d1e2e67df' > ./password.txt
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl create secret generic db-user-pass --from-file=./username.txt --from-file=./password.txt
secret/db-user-pass created
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get secret
NAME                   TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
db-user-pass           Opaque                                2      11s   #结果
default-token-sj2lw    kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      11d
registry-pull-secret   kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson        1      2d3h
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl describe secret db-user-pass  #查看详细信息
Name:         db-user-pass
Namespace:    default
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>

Type:  Opaque

Data
====
password.txt:  12 bytes
username.txt:  5 bytes
[root@master01 yaml_doc]#

kubectl create secret generic db-user-pass --from-file=./username.txt --from-file=./password.txt

方式二推荐

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# echo -n 'admin' | base64  #使用base64编码
YWRtaW4=
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# echo -n '1f2d1e2e67df' | base64
MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# vim secret.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: mysecret
type: Opaque
data:
  username: YWRtaW4=
  password: MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl create -f secret.yaml 
secret/mysecret created
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get secret
NAME                  TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
db-user-pass          Opaque                                2      6m19s
default-token-4zq5b   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      12d
mysecret              Opaque                                2      6s  #结果
[root@master01 yaml_doc]#

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get secret mysecret -o yaml   #以yaml的格式输出
apiVersion: v1
data:
  password: MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm
  username: YWRtaW4=
kind: Secret
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2019-09-16T11:42:37Z"
  name: mysecret
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "72440"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/secrets/mysecret
  uid: 14e7dce4-d877-11e9-b343-000c29586be2
type: Opaque
[root@master01 yaml_doc]#

kubectl get secret mysecret -o yaml #以yaml的格式输出

2、pod中使用也有两种方式

方式一环境变量

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# cat secret-var.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: mypod
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: 10.192.27.111/library/nginx:1.14
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    env:         #设置环境变量
      - name: SECRET_USERNAME  #环境变量的值
        valueFrom:
          secretKeyRef:
            name: mysecret
            key: username
      - name: SECRET_PASSWORD
        valueFrom:
          secretKeyRef:
            name: mysecret
            key: password

# echo $SECRET_USERNAME
# # # echo $SECRET_PASSWORD
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# 
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl create -f secret-var.yaml 
pod/mypod created
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get pods
NAME                     READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
mypod                    1/1     Running     0          66s

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl exec -it mypod bash
root@mypod:/# echo $SECRET_USERNAME
admin
root@mypod:/# echo $SECRET_PASSWORD
1f2d1e2e67df
root@mypod:/#

环境变量方式

方式二挂载方式推荐

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# cat secret-vol.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: mypod
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: 10.192.27.111/library/nginx:1.14
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    command: [ "/bin/bash", "-ce", "tail -f /dev/null" ]
    volumeMounts:
    - name: foo
      mountPath: "/etc/foo"  #挂载点
      readOnly: true    #只读
  volumes:    #数据卷
  - name: foo
    secret:
      secretName: mysecret

# cat /etc/foo/username
# # # cat /etc/foo/password
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# 


[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl apply -f secret-vol.yaml
pod/mypod created
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get pods
NAME                     READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
mypod                    1/1     Running     0          9s

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl exec -it mypod bash
root@mypod:/# ls /etc/f
fonts/ foo/   fstab  
root@mypod:/# ls /etc/f
fonts/ foo/   fstab  
root@mypod:/# ls /etc/foo/
password  username
root@mypod:/#

ConfigMap

参考文档：https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-configmap/
与Secret类似，区别在于ConfigMap保存的是不需要加密配置信息。
应用场景：应用配置

使用方式一：

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# vim redis.properties
redis.host=127.0.0.1
redis.port=6379
redis.password=123456

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl create configmap redis-config --from-file=redis.properties
configmap/redis-config created
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get configmap  # kubectl get cm
NAME           DATA   AGE
redis-config   1      15s

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl describe cm redis-config
Name:         redis-config
Namespace:    default
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>

Data
====
redis.properties:
----
redis.host=127.0.0.1
redis.port=6379
redis.password=123456

Events:  <none>
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# 


[root@master01 yaml_doc]# vim cm.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: mypod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: busybox
      image: busybox
      command: [ "/bin/sh","-c","cat /etc/config/redis.properties" ]
      volumeMounts:   #挂载点
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:        #数据卷
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: redis-config
  restartPolicy: Never
  

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl apply -f cm.yaml 
pod/mypod created
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get pod
NAME                     READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
mypod                    0/1     Completed   0          15s

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl logs mypod
redis.host=127.0.0.1
redis.port=6379
redis.password=123456
[root@master01 yaml_doc]#

使用方式二：

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# vim myconfig.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: myconfig
  namespace: default
data:
  special.level: info
  special.type: hello

[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl apply -f myconfig.yaml 
configmap/myconfig created
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get cm
NAME           DATA   AGE
myconfig       2      11s
redis-config   1      9m10s
  
  
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# vim congfig-var.yaml  
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: mypod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: busybox
      image: busybox
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $(LEVEL) $(TYPE)" ]
      env:   #环境变量
        - name: LEVEL
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: myconfig
              key: special.level
        - name: TYPE
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: myconfig
              key: special.type
  restartPolicy: Never
  
  
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl apply -f congfig-var.yaml 
pod/mypod created
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl get pod
NAME                     READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
mypod                    0/1     Completed   0          9s
[root@master01 yaml_doc]# kubectl logs mypod
info hello
[root@master01 yaml_doc]#