1.引用这com组件
Mircosoft.Excel.12.0 Object Libary(自动添加应用Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel)
2.打开一个空excel 或者加载一个模板
private Excel.Application m_objExcel = null;
private Excel.Workbooks m_objBooks = null;
private Excel._Workbook m_objBook = null;
private Excel.Sheets m_objSheets = null;
private Excel._Worksheet m_objSheet = null;
private Excel.Range m_objRange = null;
private object m_objOpt = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
/// <summary>
/// 实现Excel应用程序的打开
/// </summary>
/// <param name="TemplateFilePath">模板文件物理路径</param>
public void OpenExcel(string TemplateFilePath)
{
//创建一个Application对象并使其可见
m_objExcel = new Excel.Application();
m_objExcel.Visible = false;
m_objExcel.DisplayAlerts = false;
m_objBooks = (Excel.Workbooks)m_objExcel.Workbooks;
if (TemplateFilePath==null ||TemplateFilePath=="")
{
//新建一个WorkBook
m_objBook = (Excel._Workbook)(m_objBooks.Add(m_objOpt));
}
else
{
//打开模板文件，得到WorkBook对象
m_objBook = m_objBooks.Open(TemplateFilePath, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt,
m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt);
}
m_objSheets = (Excel.Sheets)m_objBook.Worksheets;
//得到WorkSheet对象
m_objSheet = (Excel._Worksheet)(m_objSheets.get_Item(1));
}
/// <summary>
/// 将传入的DataSet数据导出至Excel文件 （弹出保存提示框)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ctl">DataGrid</param>
///
public void DataSetToExcel(System.Data.DataTable ds)
{
int maxRow = ds.Rows.Count;
Random random = new Random();
string fileName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddhhmmss")+random .Next (100).ToString () + ".xls";//设置导出文件的名称
DataView dv = new DataView(ds);//将DataSet转换成DataView
string fileURL = string.Empty;
//调用方法将文件写入服务器,并获取全部路径
fileURL = DataViewToExcelBySheet(dv, fileName);
//获取路径后从服务器下载文件至本地
HttpContext curContext = System.Web.HttpContext.Current;
curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Default;
curContext.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", ("attachment;filename=" + fileName));
curContext.Response.Charset = "";
curContext.Response.WriteFile(fileURL);
curContext.Response.Flush();
curContext.Response.End();
}
/// <summary>
/// 分Sheet导出Excel文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dv">需导出的DataView</param>
/// <returns>导出文件的路径</returns>
private string DataViewToExcelBySheet(DataView dv, string fileName)
{
int sheetRows = 65535;//设置Sheet的行数,此为最大上限,本来是65536,因表头要占去一行
int sheetCount = (dv.Table.Rows.Count - 1) / sheetRows + 1;//计算Sheet数
GC.Collect();//垃圾回收
Application excel;
_Workbook xBk;
_Worksheet xSt = null;
excel = new ApplicationClass();
xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true);
//定义循环中要使用的变量
int dvRowStart;
int dvRowEnd;
int rowIndex = 0;
int colIndex = 0;
//对全部Sheet进行操作
for (int sheetIndex = 0; sheetIndex < sheetCount; sheetIndex++)
{
//初始化Sheet中的变量
rowIndex = 1;
colIndex = 1;
//计算起始行
dvRowStart = sheetIndex * sheetRows;
dvRowEnd = dvRowStart + sheetRows - 1;
if (dvRowEnd > dv.Table.Rows.Count - 1)
{
dvRowEnd = dv.Table.Rows.Count - 1;
}
//创建一个Sheet
if (null == xSt)
{
xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.Worksheets.Add(Type.Missing, Type.Missing, 1, Type.Missing);
}
else
{
xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.Worksheets.Add(Type.Missing, xSt, 1, Type.Missing);
}
//设置Sheet的名称
xSt.Name = sheetPrefixName;
if (sheetCount > 1)
{
xSt.Name += ((int)(sheetIndex + 1)).ToString();
}
//取得标题
foreach (DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
{
//设置标题格式
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex], excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter; //设置标题居中对齐
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex], excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex]).Font.Bold = true;//设置标题为粗体
//填值，并进行下一列
excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex++] = col.ColumnName;
}
//取得表格中数量
int drvIndex;
for (drvIndex = dvRowStart; drvIndex <= dvRowEnd; drvIndex++)
{
DataRowView row = dv[drvIndex];
//新起一行，当前单元格移至行首
rowIndex++;
colIndex = 1;
foreach (DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
{
if (col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex] = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
}
else if (col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String"))
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex] = "'" + row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
}
else
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
}
colIndex++;
}
}
//使用最佳宽度
Range allDataWithTitleRange = xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[1, 1], excel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex - 1]);
allDataWithTitleRange.Select();
allDataWithTitleRange.Columns.AutoFit();
allDataWithTitleRange.Borders.LineStyle = 1;//将导出Excel加上边框
}
//设置导出文件在服务器上的文件夹
string exportDir = "~/ExcelFile/";//注意:该文件夹您须事先在服务器上建好才行
//设置文件在服务器上的路径
string absFileName = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(System.IO.Path.Combine(exportDir, fileName));
xBk.SaveCopyAs(absFileName);
xBk.Close(false, null, null);
excel.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBk);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excel);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSt);
xBk = null;
excel = null;
xSt = null;
GC.Collect();
//返回写入服务器Excel文件的路径
return absFileName;
}
/// <summary>
/// 将图片插入到指定的单元格位置，并设置图片的宽度和高度。
/// 注意：图片必须是绝对物理路径
/// </summary>
/// <param name="RangeName">单元格名称，例如：B4</param>
/// <param name="PicturePath">要插入图片的绝对路径。</param>
/// <param name="PictuteWidth">插入后，图片在Excel中显示的宽度。</param>
/// <param name="PictureHeight">插入后，图片在Excel中显示的高度。</param>
public void InsertPicture(string RangeName, string PicturePath, float PictuteWidth, float PictureHeight)
{
m_objRange = m_objSheet.get_Range(RangeName, m_objOpt);
m_objRange.Select();
float PicLeft, PicTop;
PicLeft = Convert.ToSingle(m_objRange.Left);
PicTop = Convert.ToSingle(m_objRange.Top);
//参数含义：
//图片路径
//是否链接到文件
//图片插入时是否随文档一起保存
//图片在文档中的坐标位置（单位：points）
//图片显示的宽度和高度（单位：points）
m_objSheet.Shapes.AddPicture(PicturePath, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse,
Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, PicLeft, PicTop, PictuteWidth, PictureHeight);
}
/// <summary>
/// 将DataTable插入Excel中.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt">插入的表</param>
public void DataTableToExcel( DataTable dt)
{
int rowIndex = 1;
int colIndex = 0;
foreach (DataColumn col in dt.Columns)
{
colIndex++;
m_objExcel.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex] = col.ColumnName;
}
foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
{
rowIndex++;
for (int i = 1; i <= dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
m_objExcel.Cells[rowIndex, i] = row[i - 1];
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 将Excel文件保存到指定的目录，目录必须事先存在，文件名称不一定要存在。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="OutputFilePath">要保存成的文件的全路径</param>
public void SaveFile(string OutputFilePath)
{
m_objBook.SaveAs(OutputFilePath, m_objOpt, m_objOpt,
m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange,
m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt, m_objOpt);
m_objBook.Close(false, m_objOpt, m_objOpt);
m_objExcel.Quit();
}
/// <summary>
/// 释放所引用的COM对象。
/// </summary>
public void Dispose()
{
ReleaseObj(m_objSheets);
ReleaseObj(m_objBook);
ReleaseObj(m_objBooks);
ReleaseObj(m_objExcel);
System.GC.Collect();
System.GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
}
/// <summary>
/// 释放对象，内部调用
/// </summary>
/// <param name="o"></param>
private void ReleaseObj(object o)
{
try
{
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(o);
}
catch { }
finally { o = null; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 下载页面调用的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strFile">路径 </param>
public void DownloadFile(string strFile)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=\"" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode (Path.GetFileName(strFile).Trim()) + "\"");
HttpContext.Current.Response.Flush();
HttpContext.Current.Response.WriteFile(strFile);
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}