bootstrap学习笔记(菜单.按钮)

下拉菜单

<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
下拉菜单
<span class="caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
   <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
   …
   <li role="presentation" class="divider"></li>
   <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
</ul>
</div>

.dropdown-menu {
  position: absolute;/*设置绝对定位，相对于父元素div.dropdown*/
  top: 100%;/*让下拉菜单项在父菜单项底部，如果父元素不设置相对定位，该元素相对于body元素*/
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1000;/*让下拉菜单项不被其他元素遮盖住*/
  display: none;/*默认隐藏下拉菜单项*/
  float: left;
  min- 160px;
  padding: 5px 0;
  margin: 2px 0 0;
  font-size: 14px;
  list-style: none;
  background-color: #fff;
  background-clip: padding-box;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .15);
  border-radius: 4px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, .175);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, .175);
}

//通过点击调用js添加或移除js
.open > .dropdown-menu {
  display: block;
}

源码分析

下拉分割线：添加一个空的<li>，并且给这个<li>添加类名“divider”

.dropdown-menu .divider {
  height: 1px;
  margin: 9px 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #e5e5e5;
}

源码

下拉菜单标题：  class="dropdown-header"

<div class="dropdown">
<button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
下拉菜单
<span class="caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
<li role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">第一部分菜单头部</li>
<li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
…
<li role="presentation" class="divider"></li>
<li role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">第二部分菜单头部</li>
…
<li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
</ul>
</div>

.dropdown-header {
  display: block;
  padding: 3px 20px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #999;
}

              

下拉菜单（对齐方式）：在“dropdown-menu”上添加一个“pull-right”或者“dropdown-menu-right”类名

<div class="dropdown">
  <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
  下拉菜单
  <span class="caret"></span>
  </button>
  <ul class="dropdown-menu pull-right" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
   …
  </ul>
</div>




源码
.dropdown-menu.pull-right {
  right: 0;
  left: auto;
}
.dropdown-menu-right {
  right: 0;
  left: auto;
}
同时一定要为.dropdown添加float:leftcss样式。
.dropdown{
  float: left;
}

下拉菜单（菜单项状态）：class="active"、class="disabled"

<div class="dropdown">
  <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
  下拉菜单
  <span class="caret"></span>
  </button>
  <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
    <li role="presentation" class="active"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
    ….
    <li role="presentation" class="disabled"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
  </ul>
</div>



//源码
.dropdown-menu > .active > a,
.dropdown-menu > .active > a:hover,
.dropdown-menu > .active > a:focus {
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  background-color: #428bca;
  outline: 0;
}
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a,
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:hover,
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:focus {
  color: #999;
}
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:hover,
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:focus {
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: not-allowed;
  background-color: transparent;
  background-image: none;
  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);
}

按钮

按钮组  类名btn-group

<div class="btn-group">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">
     <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-step-backward"></span>
  </button>
   …
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">
     <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-step-forward"></span>
  </button>
</div>





源码
.btn-group,
.btn-group-vertical {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.btn-group > .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn {
  position: relative;
  float: left;
}
.btn-group > .btn:hover,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:hover,
.btn-group > .btn:focus,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:focus,
.btn-group > .btn:active,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:active,
.btn-group > .btn.active,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn.active {
  z-index: 2;
}
.btn-group > .btn:focus,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:focus {
  outline: none;
}
.btn-group .btn + .btn,
.btn-group .btn + .btn-group,
.btn-group .btn-group + .btn,
.btn-group .btn-group + .btn-group {
   margin-left: -1px;
}



  1、默认所有按钮都有圆角
  2、除第一个按钮和最后一个按钮（下拉按钮除外），其他的按钮都取消圆角效果
  3、第一个按钮只留左上角和左下角是圆角
  4、最后一个按钮只留右上角和右下角是圆角
对应的源码如下：
.btn-group > .btn:not(:first-child):not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle) {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn:first-child {
  margin-left: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn:first-child:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle) {
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn:last-child:not(:first-child),
.btn-group > .dropdown-toggle:not(:first-child) {
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group {
  float: left;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:not(:first-child):not(:last-child) > .btn {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:first-child> .btn:last-child,
.btn-group > .btn-group:first-child> .dropdown-toggle {
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:last-child> .btn:first-child {
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}

按钮（按钮工具栏） 类名btn-toolbar

.btn-group-lg:大按钮组   .btn-group-sm:小按钮组   .btn-group-xs:超小按钮组

<div class="btn-toolbar">
  <div class="btn-group">
    …
  </div>
  <div class="btn-group">
    …
  </div>
  <div class="btn-group">
    …
  </div>
  <div class="btn-group">
    …
  </div>
</div>



源码
.btn-toolbar {
  margin-left: -5px;
}
.btn-toolbar .btn-group,
.btn-toolbar .input-group {
  float: left;
}
.btn-toolbar > .btn,
.btn-toolbar > .btn-group,
.btn-toolbar > .input-group {
  margin-left: 5px;
}

注意在”btn-toolbar”上清除浮动。
.btn-toolbar:before,
.btn-toolbar:after｛
　display: table;
content: " ";
｝
.btn-toolbar:after{
  clear: both;
}

按钮（嵌套分组）： “btn-group”和普通的按钮放在同一级。

<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btnbtn-default" type="button">首页</button>
<button class="btnbtn-default" type="button">产品展示</button>
<button class="btnbtn-default" type="button">案例分析</button>
<button class="btnbtn-default" type="button">联系我们</button>
<div class="btn-group">
   <button class="btnbtn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">关于我们<span class="caret"></span></button>
   <ul class="dropdown-menu">
         <li><a href="##">公司简介</a></li>
         <li><a href="##">企业文化</a></li>
         <li><a href="##">组织结构</a></li>
         <li><a href="##">客服服务</a></li>
    </ul>
</div>
</div>

源码
.btn-group > .btn-group {
  float: left;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:not(:first-child):not(:last-child) > .btn {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:first-child> .btn:last-child,
.btn-group > .btn-group:first-child> .dropdown-toggle {
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:last-child> .btn:first-child {
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group .dropdown-toggle:active,
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle {
  outline: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn + .dropdown-toggle {
  padding-right: 8px;
  padding-left: 8px;
}
.btn-group > .btn-lg + .dropdown-toggle {
  padding-right: 12px;
  padding-left: 12px;
}
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle {
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, .125);
  box-shadow: inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, .125);
}
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle.btn-link {
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}

按钮（垂直分组）：类名“btn-group-vertical”

<div class="btn-group-vertical">
<button class="btnbtn-default" type="button">首页</button>
<button class="btnbtn-default" type="button">产品展示</button>
<button class="btnbtn-default" type="button">案例分析</button>
<button class="btnbtn-default" type="button">联系我们</button>
<div class="btn-group">
   <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">关于我们<span class="caret"></span></button>
   <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a href="##">公司简介</a></li>
      <li><a href="##">企业文化</a></li>
      <li><a href="##">组织结构</a></li>
      <li><a href="##">客服服务</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>




源码
.btn-group-vertical > .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group > .btn {
  display: block;
  float: none;
   100%;
  max- 100%;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group > .btn {
  float: none;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn + .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn + .btn-group,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group + .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group + .btn-group {
  margin-top: -1px;
  margin-left: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:not(:first-child):not(:last-child) {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:first-child:not(:last-child) {
  border-top-right-radius: 4px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:last-child:not(:first-child) {
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:not(:first-child):not(:last-child) > .btn {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:first-child:not(:last-child) > .btn:last-child,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:first-child:not(:last-child) > .dropdown-toggle {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:last-child:not(:first-child) > .btn:first-child {
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;

                     

按钮（等分按钮） “btn-group-justified”类名

特别声明：在制作等分按钮组时，请尽量使用<a>标签元素来制作按钮，因为使用<button>标签元素时，使用display:table在部分浏览器下支持并不友好。
<div class="btn-wrap">
<div class="btn-group btn-group-justified">
  <a class="btnbtn-default" href="#">首页</a>
  <a class="btnbtn-default" href="#">产品展示</a>
  <a class="btnbtn-default" href="#">案例分析</a>
  <a class="btnbtn-default" href="#">联系我们</a>
</div>
</div>




源码
.btn-group-justified {
  display: table;
   100%;
  table-layout: fixed;
  border-collapse: separate;
}
.btn-group-justified > .btn,
.btn-group-justified > .btn-group {
  display: table-cell;
  float: none;
   1%;
}
.btn-group-justified > .btn-group .btn {
   100%;
}

按钮下拉菜单

按钮下拉菜单从外观上看和下拉菜单效果基本上是一样的；简单点说就是点击一个按钮，会显示隐藏的下拉菜单
<div class="btn-group">
      <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">按钮下拉菜单<span class="caret"></span></button>
      <ul class="dropdown-menu">
          <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
          <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
          <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
          <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
      </ul>
</div>

源码：
.btn-group .dropdown-toggle:active,
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle {
  outline: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn + .dropdown-toggle {
  padding-right: 8px;
  padding-left: 8px;
}
.btn-group > .btn-lg + .dropdown-toggle {
  padding-right: 12px;
  padding-left: 12px;
}
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle {
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, .125);
          box-shadow: inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, .125);
}
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle.btn-link {
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
          box-shadow: none;
}

按钮的向下向上三角形   类名.dropup向上

<div class="btn-group dropup">
  <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">按钮下拉菜单<span class="caret"></span></button>
  <ul class="dropdown-menu">
        <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
        <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
        <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
        <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
  </ul>
</div>


解析
按钮的向下三角形，我们是通过在<button>标签中添加一个“<span>”标签元素，并且命名为“caret”:
<button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">按钮下拉菜单<span class="caret"></span></button>

源码：
.caret {                     //生成三角形
  display: inline-block;
   0;
  height: 0;
  margin-left: 2px;
  vertical-align: middle;
  border-top: 4px solid;
  border-right: 4px solid transparent;
  border-left: 4px solid transparent;
}

在按钮中的三角形“caret”做了一定的样式处理：
.btn .caret {
  margin-left: 0;
}
.btn-lg .caret {
  border- 5px 5px 0;
  border-bottom- 0;
}
.dropup .btn-lg .caret {
  border- 0 5px 5px;
}

向上三角与向下三角的区别：其实就是改变了一个border-bottom的值。
.dropup .caret,
.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .caret {
  content: "";
  border-top: 0;
  border-bottom: 4px solid;
}