go-micro 支持很多通信协议：http、tcp、grpc等，支持的编码方式也很多有json、protobuf、bytes、jsonrpc等。也可以根据自己的需要实现通信协议和编码方式。go-micro 默认的通信协议是http，默认的编码方式是protobuf。
主要代码定义如下：
// Client is the interface used to make requests to services.
// It supports Request/Response via Transport and Publishing via the Broker.
// It also supports bidiectional streaming of requests.
type Client interface {
Init(...Option) error
Options() Options
NewMessage(topic string, msg interface{}, opts ...MessageOption) Message
NewRequest(service, method string, req interface{}, reqOpts ...RequestOption) Request
Call(ctx context.Context, req Request, rsp interface{}, opts ...CallOption) error
Stream(ctx context.Context, req Request, opts ...CallOption) (Stream, error)
Publish(ctx context.Context, msg Message, opts ...PublishOption) error
String() string
}
// Message is the interface for publishing asynchronously
type Message interface {
Topic() string
Payload() interface{}
ContentType() string
}
// Request is the interface for a synchronous request used by Call or Stream
type Request interface {
Service() string
Method() string
ContentType() string
Request() interface{}
// indicates whether the request will be a streaming one rather than unary
Stream() bool
}
// Stream is the inteface for a bidirectional synchronous stream
type Stream interface {
Context() context.Context
Request() Request
Send(interface{}) error
Recv(interface{}) error
Error() error
Close() error
}
// Option used by the Client
type Option func(*Options)
// CallOption used by Call or Stream
type CallOption func(*CallOptions)
// PublishOption used by Publish
type PublishOption func(*PublishOptions)
// MessageOption used by NewMessage
type MessageOption func(*MessageOptions)
// RequestOption used by NewRequest
type RequestOption func(*RequestOptions)
client的连接使用了pool，减少生成和销毁的开销，不够用的话就另外生成：
func newPool(size int, ttl time.Duration) *pool {
return &pool{
size: size,
ttl: int64(ttl.Seconds()),
conns: make(map[string][]*poolConn),
}
}
// NoOp the Close since we manage it
func (p *poolConn) Close() error {
return nil
}
func (p *pool) getConn(addr string, tr transport.Transport, opts ...transport.DialOption) (*poolConn, error) {
p.Lock()
conns := p.conns[addr]
now := time.Now().Unix()
// while we have conns check age and then return one
// otherwise we'll create a new conn
for len(conns) > 0 {
conn := conns[len(conns)-1]
conns = conns[:len(conns)-1]
p.conns[addr] = conns
// if conn is old kill it and move on
if d := now - conn.created; d > p.ttl {
conn.Client.Close()
continue
}
// we got a good conn, lets unlock and return it
p.Unlock()
return conn, nil
}
p.Unlock()
// create new conn
c, err := tr.Dial(addr, opts...)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &poolConn{c, time.Now().Unix()}, nil
}
func (p *pool) release(addr string, conn *poolConn, err error) {
// don't store the conn if it has errored
if err != nil {
conn.Client.Close()
return
}
// otherwise put it back for reuse
p.Lock()
conns := p.conns[addr]
if len(conns) >= p.size {
p.Unlock()
conn.Client.Close()
return
}
p.conns[addr] = append(conns, conn)
p.Unlock()
}
封装request：
type rpcRequest struct {
service string
method string
contentType string
request interface{}
opts RequestOptions
}
func newRequest(service, method string, request interface{}, contentType string, reqOpts ...RequestOption) Request {
var opts RequestOptions
for _, o := range reqOpts {
o(&opts)
}
// set the content-type specified
if len(opts.ContentType) > 0 {
contentType = opts.ContentType
}
return &rpcRequest{
service: service,
method: method,
request: request,
contentType: contentType,
opts: opts,
}
}
调用接口：
func (r *rpcClient) Call(ctx context.Context, request Request, response interface{}, opts ...CallOption) error {
// make a copy of call opts
callOpts := r.opts.CallOptions
for _, opt := range opts {
opt(&callOpts)
}
next, err := r.next(request, callOpts)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// check if we already have a deadline
d, ok := ctx.Deadline()
if !ok {
// no deadline so we create a new one
ctx, _ = context.WithTimeout(ctx, callOpts.RequestTimeout)
} else {
// got a deadline so no need to setup context
// but we need to set the timeout we pass along
opt := WithRequestTimeout(d.Sub(time.Now()))
opt(&callOpts)
}
// should we noop right here?
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
return errors.New("go.micro.client", fmt.Sprintf("%v", ctx.Err()), 408)
default:
}
// make copy of call method
rcall := r.call
// wrap the call in reverse
for i := len(callOpts.CallWrappers); i > 0; i-- {
rcall = callOpts.CallWrappers[i-1](rcall)
}
// return errors.New("go.micro.client", "request timeout", 408)
call := func(i int) error {
// call backoff first. Someone may want an initial start delay
t, err := callOpts.Backoff(ctx, request, i)
if err != nil {
return errors.InternalServerError("go.micro.client", "backoff error: %v", err.Error())
}
// only sleep if greater than 0
if t.Seconds() > 0 {
time.Sleep(t)
}
// select next node
node, err := next()
if err != nil && err == selector.ErrNotFound {
return errors.NotFound("go.micro.client", "service %s: %v", request.Service(), err.Error())
} else if err != nil {
return errors.InternalServerError("go.micro.client", "error getting next %s node: %v", request.Service(), err.Error())
}
// set the address
address := node.Address
if node.Port > 0 {
address = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", address, node.Port)
}
// make the call
err = rcall(ctx, address, request, response, callOpts)
r.opts.Selector.Mark(request.Service(), node, err)
return err
}
ch := make(chan error, callOpts.Retries)
var gerr error
for i := 0; i <= callOpts.Retries; i++ {
go func(i int) {
ch <- call(i)
}(i)
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
return errors.New("go.micro.client", fmt.Sprintf("call timeout: %v", ctx.Err()), 408)
case err := <-ch:
// if the call succeeded lets bail early
if err == nil {
return nil
}
retry, rerr := callOpts.Retry(ctx, request, i, err)
if rerr != nil {
return rerr
}
if !retry {
return err
}
gerr = err
}
}
return gerr
}