springcloud(8)GateWay网关

一般为了不暴露自己的端口信息等,会选择架构一个网关在前面进行阻挡,起到保护的作用。附上一张工作示列图。

1.配置网关9527

gateway作为网关需要和其他的应用一样需要注册进eureka中进行管理,先创建应用gateway9527

pom文件,关键是gateway依赖

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.bai</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--gateway-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

yml文件配置

server:
  port: 9527

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true # 开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能,利用微服务名称进行路由
      routes:
        - id: payment_route # 路由的id,没有规定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名
          #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          #uri: http://localhost:8001
          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/get/** # 断言,路径相匹配的进行路由

        - id: payment_route2
          #uri: http://localhost:8001
          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/sp/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: cloud-gateway-service
  client:
    fetch-registry: true
    register-with-eureka: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/

主启动类正常配置 

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class GateWay9527 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GateWay9527.class,args);
    }
}

2.配置路由两种方式

1)yml文件格式(推荐)

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true # 开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能,利用微服务名称进行路由
      routes:
        - id: payment_route # 路由的id,没有规定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名
          #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          #uri: http://localhost:8001
          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/get/** # 断言,路径相匹配的进行路由

        - id: payment_route2
          #uri: http://localhost:8001
          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/sp/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
            - After=2020-11-09T11:09:52.794+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
            - Cookie=username,bai   #带Cookie,并且username的值为bai
#            - Header=X-Request-Id,d+ #请求头要有 X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式

2)通过config配置类实现

@Configuration
public class RouteConfig {
    @Bean
    public RouteLocator customerRoute(RouteLocatorBuilder builder){
        RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = builder.routes();
          routes.route("payment_route1",
                  r ->  r.path("/guonei").uri("http://news.baidu.com/guonei")).build();
        return routes.build();
    }
    @Bean
    public RouteLocator bokeRoute(RouteLocatorBuilder builder){
        RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = builder.routes();
        routes.route("payment_route2",r->r.path("/boke").uri("http://www.cnblogs.com/lin530/")).build();
        return routes.build();
    }
}

3.断言(Predicate)

相当于多种限制,只有通过验证才能够访问到对应的方法

  - id: payment_route2
          #uri: http://localhost:8001
          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/sp/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
            - After=2020-11-09T11:09:52.794+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
            - Cookie=username,bai   #带Cookie,并且username的值为bai
#            - Header=X-Request-Id,d+ #请求头要有 X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式

不同的方法可以配置不同的断言,此处的断言需要满足路径对,after时间后,cookie带上正确的用户名才可以访问到,用cmd测试

 其他还有很多断言,请对照文档自行研究

4)过滤(filter)

对访问加上限制,通过验证才可以访问

新建过滤配置类

@Component
@Slf4j
public class GatewayGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        log.info("***time is :"+new Date());
        String uname = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("uname");
        if(uname==null){

            log.info("没有用户名,出现错误:o(╥﹏╥)o");
            exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.NOT_ACCEPTABLE);
            return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
        }
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    /*
    设置过滤器优先级,越小优先级越大
     */
    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}

访问方式带上参数,

 

 本篇所有代码均在GitHub:

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lin530/p/13964079.html