基于ModelForm实现注册并检验注册信息

一、在app下创建form.py

代码里参照的表为Django自带的auth_user表

 1 from django import forms
 2 import re
 3 from django.contrib.auth.models import User
 4 from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
 5 from django.forms import widgets as wid
 6 class UserModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
 7     class Meta:
 8         #参照表
 9         model=User
10         #显示表里的所有字段
11          fields='__all__'
12         #选取表里显示的字段
13         fields=['username','password','email']
14         #排除不显示的字段
15           exclude=['title']
16         labels={
17             'username':'用户名',
18             'password':'密码',
19             'email':'邮箱'
20         }
21         #设置提示信息
22         error_messages={
23             'username':{'required':'用户名不能为空'},
24             'password':{'required':'密码不能为空'},
25             'email':{'required':'邮箱不能为空'},
26             'rpassword':{'required':'确认密码不能为空'}
27         }
28         widgets={
29                 'pub_data':wid.TextIput(attrs={'type':'data'})
30         }
31     #可以设置表里没有的字段
32     rpassword = forms.CharField(min_length=5,
33                                 label='确认密码',
34                                 error_messages={'required':'确认密码不能为空'}
35                                 )
36     def clean_username(self):
37         val = self.cleaned_data.get('username')
38         ret = User.objects.filter(username=val).first()
39         if ret:
40             raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
41         else:
42             return val
43 
44     def clean_email(self):
45         val = self.cleaned_data.get('email')
46         if re.search('w+@136.com$', val):
47             return val
48         else:
49             raise ValidationError('邮箱必须是136格式')
50     def clean(self):
51         password=self.cleaned_data.get('password')
52         rpassword=self.cleaned_data.get('rpassword')
53         if password and rpassword:
54             if password == rpassword:
55                 return self.cleaned_data
56             else:
57                 raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致')
58         else:
59             return self.cleaned_data
60     def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
61         super().__init__(*args,**kwargs)
62         for filed in self.fields.values():
63             #可以设置统一的属性
64             # filed.error_messages={'required':'该用户信息不能为空'}
65             filed.widget.attrs.update({"class":'form-control'})

二、views 视图函数

def regist(request):
    res={'error':'','user':None}
    if request.method=="GET":
        form=UserModelForm()
        return render(request,'regist.html',{'form':form})
    else:
        form=UserModelForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            obj=form.save() #create 保存信息
            res['user']='ok'
        else:
            error=form.errors
            res['error']=error

        return JsonResponse(res)

三、HTML页面表单通过form类渲染

使用Ajax发送数据，根据返回信息将错误提示显示到对应的表单下

 1 <body>
 2 <div class="container">
 3     <div class="row c1">
 4         <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
 5         {% csrf_token %}
 6                 <form action="" method="post" novalidate>
 7                     {% for field in form %}
 8                         <div>
 9                              <label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
10                             {{ field }} <span class="error"></span>
11                     {% endfor %}
12                         </div>
13                     <input type="button" class="btn btn-warning" value="注册">
14                 </form>
15         </div>
16     </div>
17 </div>
18 
19 <script>
20     $(function () {
21         $('.btn').click(function () {
22             $.ajax({
23                 url:'',
24                 type:'post',
25                 data:{
26                     username:$('#id_username').val(),
27                     password:$('#id_password').val(),
28                     rpassword:$('#id_rpassword').val(),
29                     email:$('#id_email').val(),
30                     csrfmiddlewaretoken:$("[name='csrfmiddlewaretoken']").val()
31                 },
32                 success:function (res) {
33                     if(res.user){
34                         location.href='/login/'
35                     }
36                     else{
37                         //清除错误
38                         $('.error').html('');
39                         $('.form-control').removeClass('has-error');
40 
41                         //显示新错误
42                         $.each(res.error,function (i,j) {
43                             if(i=='__all__'){
44                                 $('#id_rpassword').next().html(j[0])
45                             }
46                             $('#id_'+i).next().html(j[0]).css('color','red').parent().addClass('has-error')
47                     });
48                     }
49 
50                     console.log(res)
51                 }
52             })
53         })
54     })
55 </script>
56 </body>