LeetCode Count Primes

Description:

Count the number of prime numbers less than a non-negative number, n

click to show more hints.

References:

How Many Primes Are There?

Sieve of Eratosthenes

上面的这两个参考内容可以看看,第二个给出了经典的解法,在Java Core讲解BitSet的时候也提到了

不过基本版本和不断改进后的版本时间差距非常大:

第一个基本版本[722ms]:

class Solution {
public:
    int countPrimes(int n) {
        vector<bool> filter(n + 1, false);
        int cnt = 0;
        for (int i=2; i<n; i++) {
            if (!filter[i]) {
                cnt++;
                for (int j=i+i; j < n; j+=i) {
                    filter[j] = true;
                }
            }
        }
        return cnt;
    }
};

这里选择了i+i作为j的起点,其实i+i是2的倍数已经被前面的循环给置位过了,同理所有小于i的数的倍数也都被置位了,因而直接从i*i开始,[619ms]

class Solution {
public:
    int countPrimes(int n) {
        vector<bool> filter(n, false); 
        int cnt = 0;
        int lmt = sqrt(n);
        for (int i=2; i<n; i++) {
            if (!filter[i]) {
                cnt++;
                if (i > lmt) continue;
                for (int j=i*i; j < n; j+=i) {
                    filter[j] = true;
                }
            }
        }
        return cnt;
    }
};

因为质数必然不是偶数,所以外层循环可以只考虑奇数的情况,这样就减少了一半计算量[224ms]

class Solution {
public:
    int countPrimes(int n) {
        if (n <= 2) return 0;
        vector<bool> filter(n, false); 
        int cnt = 1;
        int lmt = sqrt(n);
        for (int i=3; i<n; i+=2) {
            if (!filter[i]) {
                cnt++;
                if (i > lmt) continue;
                for (int j=i*i; j < n; j+=i) {
                    filter[j] = true;
                }
            }
        }
        return cnt;
    }
};

相应的内层循环也可以只考虑奇数的情况,因为偶数的情况肯定在i=2时已经被置位了[140ms]

class Solution {
public:
    int countPrimes(int n) {
        if (n <= 2) return 0;
        vector<bool> filter(n, false); 
        int cnt = 1;
        int lmt = sqrt(n);
        for (int i=3; i<n; i+=2) {
            if (!filter[i]) {
                cnt++;
                if (i > lmt) continue;
                for (int j=i*i, step = i << 1; j < n; j+=step) {
                    filter[j] = true;
                }
            }
        }
        return cnt;
    }
};

把vector换成数组又可以提升不少速度,[41ms]

class Solution {
public:
    int countPrimes(int n) {
        if (n <= 2) return 0;
        bool* filter = new bool[n];
        for (int i=0; i<n; i++) filter[i] = false;
        int cnt = 1;
        int lmt = sqrt(n);
        for (int i=3; i<n; i+=2) {
            if (!filter[i]) {
                cnt++;
                if (i > lmt) continue;
                for (int j=i*i, step = i << 1; j < n; j+=step) {
                    filter[j] = true;
                }
            }
        }
        delete[] filter;
        return cnt;
    }
};
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lailailai/p/4468270.html