Ansible批量更新远程主机用户密码

按照集团运维信息安全制度, 需要每3或6个月对线上服务器密码进行一次变更,通过shell脚本部署比较繁琐,所以决定采用ansible脚本对远程主机root密码进行批量重置,该脚本已经在稳定运行在正式环境下。具体方法如下:

1)  在服务端安装ansible

[root@ansible-server ~]# yum install -y ansible

2) 配置ansible到远程主机的ssh无密码登录的信任关系  (authoried_keys 模块)

首先采用Ansible批量建立ssh无密码登录的信任关系!!

[root@ansible-server ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa          #一路回车
[root@ansible-server ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub
 
####################################################################################################
需要注意ssh建立互信的命令格式:
# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub username@ip或hostname
####################################################################################################
 
在客户机比较多的情况下,使用 ssh-copy-id命令的方法显然是有些费时,使用ansible-playbook 推送 ymal进行批量创建ssh互信关系就显得省事多了,
这里就使用到了ansible的authoried_keys 模块:
 
首先要配置ansible清单 (远程主机的密码这里为"123456")
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
................
................
[ssh-host]
172.16.60.204
172.16.60.205
172.16.60.206
172.16.60.207
 
[ssh-host:vars]
ansible_ssh_pass="123456"
 
####################################################################################################
发送公钥到目标机器命令格式如下:
# ansible ssh-host -m copy -a "src=/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub dest=/root/.ssh/authorized_keys mode=600"
####################################################################################################
在上面分发密钥中,如果清单文件/etc/ansible/hosts里没有使用ansible_ssh_pass变量指明密码,则可以使用下面命令:
这里默认ssh-host组下的机器root密码都一样,使用-k 参数,回车输入root密码即可:
# ansible ssh-host -m authorized_key -a "user=root state=present key="{{ lookup('file', '/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub') }} "" -k
####################################################################################################
 
编写playbook文件
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /opt/ssh_key.yaml
---
  - hosts: ssh-host
    user: root
    tasks:
     - name: ssh-copy
       authorized_key: user=root key="{{ lookup('file', '/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub') }}"
 
注意上面yaml脚本中的"ssh-key-host"是在/etc/ansible/hosts清单文件里配置的远程客户机列表
这里做的是基于远程主机root用户的ssh互信
 
执行批量互信
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible-playbook /opt/ssh_key.yaml
 
PLAY [ssh-host] ************************************************************************************************************************
 
TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.60.204]
ok: [172.16.60.205]
ok: [172.16.60.206]
ok: [172.16.60.207]
 
TASK [ssh-copy] ************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.60.205]
changed: [172.16.60.204]
changed: [172.16.60.206]
changed: [172.16.60.207]
 
PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.204              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0  
172.16.60.205              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0  
172.16.60.206              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0  
172.16.60.207              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0
 
最后验证下ssh互信
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible -i /etc/ansible/hosts ssh-host -m shell -a "whoami"
172.16.60.204 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root
 
172.16.60.205 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root
 
172.16.60.207 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root
 
172.16.60.206 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root
 
这样,ansible批量创建到远程客户机的ssh信任关系已经实现了!

3) Ansible批量更新远程主机用户密码方法

方法一:  使用Ansible的user模块批量修改远程客户机的用户密码

由于在使用ansible修改用户密码的时候不能使用明文的方式,需要先加密,所以就需要使用一个方法对输入的明文的密码进行加密.
废话不多说了. 下面直接记录下操作方法:

[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /opt/root_passwd.yaml
---
  - hosts: ssh-host
    gather_facts: false
    tasks:
    - name: change user passwd
      user: name={{ item.name }} password={{ item.chpass | password_hash('sha512') }}  update_password=always
      with_items:
           - { name: 'root', chpass: 'kevin@123' }
           - { name: 'app', chpass: 'bjop123' }

注意上面在yaml文件中修改了远程客户机的root用户密码, app用户密码. 
如果还想要修改其他用户密码, 则继续按照上面规则添加即可!

执行ansible-play
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd.yaml 

PLAY [ssh-host] ************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [change user passwd] **************************************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'chpass': u'kevin@123', u'name': u'root'})
changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'chpass': u'kevin@123', u'name': u'root'})
changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'chpass': u'bjop123', u'name': u'app'})
changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'chpass': u'bjop123', u'name': u'app'})
changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'chpass': u'kevin@123', u'name': u'root'})
changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'chpass': u'bjop123', u'name': u'app'})
changed: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'chpass': u'kevin@123', u'name': u'root'})
changed: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'chpass': u'bjop123', u'name': u'app'})

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.204              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.205              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.206              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.207              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0 

方法二修改远程主机的单个用户密码使用此方法比较方便

编写playbook文件
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /opt/root_passwd2.yaml
---
  - hosts: ssh-host
    gather_facts: false
    tasks:
    - name: Change password
      user: name={{ name1 }}  password={{ chpass | password_hash('sha512') }}  update_password=always

执行ansible-playbook,  使用-e参数传递用户名和密码给剧本,其中root为用户名,admin#123就是修改后的root密码
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd2.yaml -e "name1=root chpass=admin#123"            

PLAY [ssh-host] ************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Change password] *****************************************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.60.204]
changed: [172.16.60.205]
changed: [172.16.60.206]
changed: [172.16.60.207]

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.204              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.205              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.206              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.207              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0

方法三:  使用如下Ansible脚本, 适用于修改清单中部分远程主机的用户密码

编写ansible-playbook脚本 (需要注意下面脚本中"ens192"是客户机ip所在的网卡设备名称, 这个要根据自己实际环境去配置, 比如eth0, eth1等)
[root@ansible-server ~]# cat /opt/root_passwd4.yaml 
- hosts: test-host
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: change password for root
    shell: echo '{{ item.password }}' |passwd --stdin root
    when: ansible_ens192.ipv4.address  == '{{ item.ip }}'
    with_items:
     - { ip: "172.16.60.220", password: 'haha@123' }
     - { ip: "172.16.60.221", password: 'kevin@123' }
     - { ip: "172.16.60.222", password: 'bobo@123' }

 执行ansible-playbook:
 [root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd3.yaml

PLAY [ssh-host] ************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.60.204]
ok: [172.16.60.205]
ok: [172.16.60.206]
ok: [172.16.60.207]

TASK [change password for root] ********************************************************************************************************
 [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address
== '{{ item.ip }}'

 [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address
== '{{ item.ip }}'

skipping: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.204', u'password': u'haha@123'}) 
 [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address
== '{{ item.ip }}'

skipping: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.204', u'password': u'haha@123'}) 
skipping: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.205', u'password': u'kevin@123'}) 
 [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address
== '{{ item.ip }}'

skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.204', u'password': u'haha@123'}) 
skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.205', u'password': u'kevin@123'}) 
skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.206', u'password': u'bobo@123'}) 
changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.205', u'password': u'kevin@123'})
skipping: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.206', u'password': u'bobo@123'}) 
changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.204', u'password': u'haha@123'})
skipping: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.205', u'password': u'kevin@123'}) 
skipping: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.206', u'password': u'bobo@123'}) 
changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.206', u'password': u'bobo@123'})

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.204              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.205              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.206              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.207              : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0

                                                                                                                                                                           

如果ansible服务端没有和远程主机做ssh信任关系, 则可以在hosts清单配置里直接指明用户名和密码.
如果使用普通用户, 并且允许sudo, 则需要提前在客户机里的/etc/sudoers文件里配置好该普通用户的sudo配置, 即允许该普通用户有sudo权限.
 
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
................
[test-host]
172.16.60.220 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_pass=123456 ansible_ssh_port=22
172.16.60.221 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_pass=bo@123 ansible_ssh_port=22
172.16.60.222 ansible_ssh_user=app ansible_ssh_pass=bj@123 ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_sudo_pass=bj@123
 
即172.16.60.222客户机上要提前配置, 允许app用户具有sudo权限.

执行:
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible test-host -m shell -a "hostname"                      
172.16.60.222 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-node02

172.16.60.220 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-master01

172.16.60.221 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-node01

[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible -i /etc/ansible/hosts test-host -m shell -a "hostname"
172.16.60.222 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-node02

172.16.60.220 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-master01

172.16.60.221 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-node01
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/10601309.html