adxl345的STM32驱动程序和硬件设计

一、硬件电路接口图片

1.ADXL345硬件接口图片使用的是SPI端口进行通信，这样读取数据比较快且后续也可以转化为IIC通信接口。

在网上找一些发现IIC接口的比较多，所以本人就DIY做SPI的通信。

2.STM32F103T系列单片机作为MCU 资源比较丰富、本人比较熟悉开发速度较快

硬件电路首先是为了实现功能，所以设计比较简单。后续小编想做无线蓝牙的数据传输，所以硬件上也留了蓝牙串口通信的硬件接口和3.3V电源管理。

暂且将硬件这样设计，设计为双层PCB 这样减少了空间。电容、电阻为0805的易焊接。器件都选为贴片。

二、单片机驱动代码

1.ADXL345的端口配置函数

#define ADXL345_FLAG_TIMEOUT ((uint32_t)0x1000)

#define ADXL345_SPI SPI1
#define ADXL345_SPI_CLK RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1

#define ADXL345_SPI_SCK_PIN               GPIO_Pin_5
#define ADXL345_SPI_SCK_GPIO_PORT         GPIOA
#define ADXL345_SPI_SCK_GPIO_CLK          RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA
#define ADXL345_SPI_SCK_SOURCE            GPIO_PinSource5
#define ADXL345_SPI_SCK_AF                GPIO_AF_5

#define ADXL345_SPI_MISO_PIN              GPIO_Pin_6
#define ADXL345_SPI_MISO_GPIO_PORT        GPIOA
#define ADXL345_SPI_MISO_GPIO_CLK         RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA
#define ADXL345_SPI_MISO_SOURCE           GPIO_PinSource6
#define ADXL345_SPI_MISO_AF               GPIO_AF_5

#define ADXL345_SPI_MOSI_PIN              GPIO_Pin_7
#define ADXL345_SPI_MOSI_GPIO_PORT        GPIOA
#define ADXL345_SPI_MOSI_GPIO_CLK         RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA
#define ADXL345_SPI_MOSI_SOURCE           GPIO_PinSource7
#define ADXL345_SPI_MOSI_AF               GPIO_AF_5

#define ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN                GPIO_Pin_2
#define ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT          GPIOB
#define ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_CLK           RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB

#define ADXL345_SPI_INT1_PIN              GPIO_Pin_0
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT1_GPIO_PORT        GPIOB
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT1_GPIO_CLK         RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT1_EXTI_LINE        EXTI_Line0
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT1_EXTI_PORT_SOURCE EXTI_PortSourceGPIOB
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT1_EXTI_PIN_SOURCE  EXTI_PinSource0
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT1_EXTI_IRQn        EXTI0_IRQn

#define ADXL345_SPI_INT2_PIN              GPIO_Pin_1
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT2_GPIO_PORT        GPIOB
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT2_GPIO_CLK         RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT2_EXTI_LINE        EXTI_Line1
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT2_EXTI_PORT_SOURCE EXTI_PortSourceGPIOB
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT2_EXTI_PIN_SOURCE  EXTI_PinSource1
#define ADXL345_SPI_INT2_EXTI_IRQn        EXTI1_IRQn

#define ADXL345_WHO_AM_I_ADDR          0x0F
#define ADXL345_CTRL_REG1_ADDR         0x20
#define ADXL345_CTRL_REG2_ADDR         0x21
#define ADXL345_CTRL_REG3_ADDR         0x22
#define ADXL345_CTRL_REG4_ADDR         0x23
#define ADXL345_CTRL_REG5_ADDR         0x24
#define ADXL345_REFERENCE_REG_ADDR     0x25
#define ADXL345_OUT_TEMP_ADDR          0x26
#define ADXL345_STATUS_REG_ADDR        0x27
#define ADXL345_OUT_X_L_ADDR           0x28
#define ADXL345_OUT_X_H_ADDR           0x29
#define ADXL345_OUT_Y_L_ADDR           0x2A
#define ADXL345_OUT_Y_H_ADDR           0x2B
#define ADXL345_OUT_Z_L_ADDR           0x2C
#define ADXL345_OUT_Z_H_ADDR           0x2D
#define ADXL345_FIFO_CTRL_REG_ADDR     0x2E
#define ADXL345_FIFO_SRC_REG_ADDR      0x2F

#define ADXL345_INT1_CFG_ADDR          0x30
#define ADXL345_INT1_SRC_ADDR          0x31
#define ADXL345_INT1_TSH_XH_ADDR       0x32
#define ADXL345_INT1_TSH_XL_ADDR       0x33
#define ADXL345_INT1_TSH_YH_ADDR       0x34
#define ADXL345_INT1_TSH_YL_ADDR       0x35
#define ADXL345_INT1_TSH_ZH_ADDR       0x36
#define ADXL345_INT1_TSH_ZL_ADDR       0x37
#define ADXL345_INT1_DURATION_ADDR     0x38

#define I_AM_ADXL345 ((uint8_t)0xD4)

#define ADXL345_MODE_POWERDOWN ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_MODE_ACTIVE ((uint8_t)0x08)

#define ADXL345_OUTPUT_DATARATE_1    ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_OUTPUT_DATARATE_2    ((uint8_t)0x40)
#define ADXL345_OUTPUT_DATARATE_3    ((uint8_t)0x80)
#define ADXL345_OUTPUT_DATARATE_4    ((uint8_t)0xC0)

#define ADXL345_X_ENABLE            ((uint8_t)0x02)
#define ADXL345_Y_ENABLE            ((uint8_t)0x01)
#define ADXL345_Z_ENABLE            ((uint8_t)0x04)
#define ADXL345_AXES_ENABLE         ((uint8_t)0x07)
#define ADXL345_AXES_DISABLE        ((uint8_t)0x00)

#define ADXL345_BANDWIDTH_1         ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_BANDWIDTH_2         ((uint8_t)0x10)
#define ADXL345_BANDWIDTH_3         ((uint8_t)0x20)
#define ADXL345_BANDWIDTH_4         ((uint8_t)0x30)

#define ADXL345_FULLSCALE_250               ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_FULLSCALE_500               ((uint8_t)0x10)
#define ADXL345_FULLSCALE_2000              ((uint8_t)0x20)

#define ADXL345_BlockDataUpdate_Continous   ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_BlockDataUpdate_Single      ((uint8_t)0x80)

#define ADXL345_BLE_LSB                     ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_BLE_MSB                    ((uint8_t)0x40)


#define ADXL345_HIGHPASSFILTER_DISABLE      ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_HIGHPASSFILTER_ENABLE      ((uint8_t)0x10)

#define ADXL345_INT1INTERRUPT_DISABLE       ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_INT1INTERRUPT_ENABLE    ((uint8_t)0x80)

#define ADXL345_INT2INTERRUPT_DISABLE       ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_INT2INTERRUPT_ENABLE    ((uint8_t)0x08)

#define ADXL345_INT1INTERRUPT_LOW_EDGE      ((uint8_t)0x20)
#define ADXL345_INT1INTERRUPT_HIGH_EDGE     ((uint8_t)0x00)

#define ADXL345_BOOT_NORMALMODE             ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_BOOT_REBOOTMEMORY           ((uint8_t)0x80)


#define ADXL345_HPM_NORMAL_MODE_RES         ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define ADXL345_HPM_REF_SIGNAL              ((uint8_t)0x10)
#define ADXL345_HPM_NORMAL_MODE             ((uint8_t)0x20)
#define ADXL345_HPM_AUTORESET_INT           ((uint8_t)0x30)

#define ADXL345_HPFCF_0              0x00
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_1              0x01
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_2              0x02
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_3              0x03
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_4              0x04
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_5              0x05
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_6              0x06
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_7              0x07
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_8              0x08
#define ADXL345_HPFCF_9              0x09

#define ADXL345_CS_LOW() GPIO_ResetBits(ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT, ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN)
#define ADXL345_CS_HIGH() GPIO_SetBits(ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT, ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN)

void ADXL345_Init(ADXL345_InitTypeDef *ADXL345_InitStruct);
void ADXL345_RebootCmd(void);

void ADXL345_INT1InterruptCmd(uint8_t InterruptState);
void ADXL345_INT2InterruptCmd(uint8_t InterruptState);
void ADXL345_INT1InterruptConfig(ADXL345_InterruptConfigTypeDef *ADXL345_IntConfigStruct);
uint8_t ADXL345_GetDataStatus(void);

void ADXL345_FilterConfig(ADXL345_FilterConfigTypeDef *ADXL345_FilterStruct);
void ADXL345_FilterCmd(uint8_t HighPassFilterState);
void ADXL345_Write(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint8_t WriteAddr, uint16_t NumByteToWrite);
void ADXL345_Read(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint8_t ReadAddr, uint16_t NumByteToRead);

2.ADXL345的SPI配置函数

void SPI_init(void)
{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
  SPI_InitTypeDef    SPI_InitStructure;
  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA |
                         RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);


  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(ADXL345_SPI_CLK ,ENABLE);

  GPIO_StructInit(&GPIO_InitStructure);
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN ;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
  GPIO_Init(ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);

  GPIO_SetBits(ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT,ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN);

  GPIO_StructInit(&GPIO_InitStructure);
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =ADXL345_SPI_SCK_PIN|ADXL345_SPI_MISO_PIN|ADXL345_SPI_MOSI_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
  GPIO_Init(ADXL345_SPI_MOSI_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);

   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction=SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex;
   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode=SPI_Mode_Master;
   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_16b;
   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL=SPI_CPOL_High;
   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA=SPI_CPHA_2Edge;
   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS=SPI_NSS_Soft;
   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler=SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_256;
   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit=SPI_FirstBit_MSB;
   SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CRCPolynomial=7;
   SPI_Init(ADXL345_SPI, &SPI_InitStructure);

SPI_Cmd(ADXL345_SPI,ENABLE);
}

3.ADXL345初始化配置函数

void ADXL345_init(void)
{
    SPI_init();   //ADXL345¶Ë¿Ú³õÊ¼»¯ÅäÖÃSPIÍ¨ÐÅ

   ADXL345_write_byte(0x1E,0x00); //X Æ«ÒÆÁ¿ ¸ù¾Ý²âÊÔ´«¸ÐÆ÷µÄ×´Ì¬Ð´Èëpdf29Ò³ 0X00 (15.6mg/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x1F,0x00); //Y Æ«ÒÆÁ¿ ¸ù¾Ý²âÊÔ´«¸ÐÆ÷µÄ×´Ì¬Ð´Èëpdf29Ò³ 0X00 (15.6mg/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x20,0x00); //Z Æ«ÒÆÁ¿ ¸ù¾Ý²âÊÔ´«¸ÐÆ÷µÄ×´Ì¬Ð´Èëpdf29Ò³ 0X00 (15.6mg/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x21,0x00);  //ÇÃ»÷ÑÓÊ±0:½ûÓÃ; (1.25ms/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x22,0x00);  //¼ì²âµÚÒ»´ÎÇÃ»÷ºóµÄÑÓÊ±0:½ûÓÃ; (1.25ms/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x23,0x00);  //ÇÃ»÷´°¿Ú0:½ûÓÃ; (1.25ms/LSB)

   ADXL345_write_byte(0x24,0x01);  //±£´æ¼ì²â»î¶¯·§Öµ; (62.5mg/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x25,0x01);  //±£´æ¼ì²â¾²Ö¹·§Öµ; (62.5mg/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x26,0x2B);  //¼ì²â»î¶¯Ê±¼ä·§Öµ; (1s/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x27,0x00);  //
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x28,0x09);  //×ÔÓÉÂäÌå¼ì²âÍÆ¼ö·§Öµ; (62.5mg/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x29,0xFF);  //×ÔÓÉÂäÌå¼ì²âÊ±¼ä·§Öµ,ÉèÖÃÎª×î´óÊ±¼ä; (5ms/LSB)
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x2A,0x80);  //
   //ADXL345_read_byte(0x2B);    //Ö»¶Á¼Ä´æÆ÷,×´Ì¬¶ÁÈ¡
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x2C,0x0F); //ËÙÂÊÉè¶¨Îª3200HZ²Î¿¼pdf13Ò³ 0X0A 1OO,0X0E 1600HZ
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x2D,0x08); //Ñ¡ÔñµçÔ´Ä£Ê½¹Ø±Õ×Ô¶¯ÐÝÃß,ÐÝÃß,»½ÐÑ¹¦ÄÜ²Î¿¼pdf24Ò³
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x2E,0x80);  //Ê¹ÄÜ DATA_READY ÖÐ¶Ï
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x2F,0x00);
   //ADXL345_read_byte(0x30);    //Ö»¶Á¼Ä´æÆ÷,×´Ì¬¶ÁÈ¡
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x31,0X0B); //Êý¾ÝÍ¨ÐÅ¸ñÊ½;ÉèÖÃÎª×Ô¼ì¹¦ÄÜ½ûÓÃ,4ÏßÖÆSPI½Ó¿Ú,µÍµçÆ½ÖÐ¶ÏÊä³ö,13Î»È«·Ö±æÂÊ,Êä³öÊý¾ÝÓÒ¶ÔÆë,16gÁ¿³Ì
   ADXL345_write_byte(0x38,0x00);  //FIFOÄ£Ê½Éè¶¨,StreamÄ£Ê½£¬´¥·¢Á¬½ÓINT1,31¼¶Ñù±¾»º³å
  //ADXL345_read_byte(0x39);    //Ö»¶Á¼Ä´æÆ÷,×´Ì¬¶ÁÈ¡

}

4.ADXL345的读写函数

u8 ADXL345_read_byte(u8 add)

{
     GPIO_ResetBits(ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT ,ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN);
     SPI_I2S_SendData(ADXL345_SPI,(add|0x80)<<8|0x00);

    while(SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(ADXL345_SPI,SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);

    while(SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(ADXL345_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE)==RESET);

    GPIO_SetBits(ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT ,ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN);

    return SPI_I2S_ReceiveData(ADXL345_SPI)&0xff;

  }
void ADXL345_write_byte(u8 add,u8 val)

{
GPIO_ResetBits(ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT ,ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN);

     SPI_I2S_SendData(ADXL345_SPI,add<<8|val);

    while(SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(ADXL345_SPI,SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);

    while(SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(ADXL345_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE)==RESET);

    GPIO_SetBits(ADXL345_SPI_CS_GPIO_PORT ,ADXL345_SPI_CS_PIN);
     SPI_I2S_ReceiveData(ADXL345_SPI)&0xff;

  }
void ADXL345_ReadXYZ(float *g)
{
    uint8_t BUF[6];   // ´æ·ÅX,Y,ZÖáµÄÊý¾Ý
    int16_t temp;

    BUF[0] = ADXL345_read_byte(0x32);
    BUF[1] = ADXL345_read_byte(0x33);
     delay_ms(1);
    BUF[2] = ADXL345_read_byte(0x34);
    BUF[3] = ADXL345_read_byte(0x35);
     delay_ms(1);
    BUF[4] = ADXL345_read_byte(0x36);
    BUF[5] = ADXL345_read_byte(0x37);
      delay_ms(1);

    temp = (BUF[1] << 8) + BUF[0];
    if(temp < 0)
        temp = -temp;
    g[0] = (float)(temp * 3.9);  //¼ÆËãÊý¾ÝºÍÏÔÊ¾,²é¿¼ADXL345¿ìËÙÈëÃÅµÚ4Ò³

    temp = (BUF[3] << 8) + BUF[2];
    if(temp < 0)
        temp = -temp;
    g[1] = (float)(temp * 3.9);  //¼ÆËãÊý¾ÝºÍÏÔÊ¾,²é¿¼ADXL345¿ìËÙÈëÃÅµÚ4Ò³

    temp = (BUF[5] << 8) + BUF[4];
    if(temp < 0)
        temp = -temp;
    g[2] = (float)(temp * 3.9);  //¼ÆËãÊý¾ÝºÍÏÔÊ¾,²é¿¼ADXL345¿ìËÙÈëÃÅµÚ4Ò³
}

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http://blog.sina.com.cn/zhuifxk