python调用C++

一。利用Ctypes

2014-04-29

EXAMPLE：

//VS2012,新建WINDOWS Project ,下一步，选择dll


// test.h  
#include<iostream>

extern "C" int __declspec(dllexport)add(int x,int y);


// .cpp
#include "test.h"
int __declspec(dllexport)add(int x,int y)
{
    //std::cout<<x<<" "<<y<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<x+y<<std::endl;
    return x+y;
}

编译平台为X64(因为我的python为64位)

import ctypes
ll=ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary
lib=ll(r"D:VSProjectspyc1x64Debugpyc1.dll")
lib.add(1,3)

调用成功

问题注意：

1.python为64位，必须导入64位的dll，否则会发生win32错误

2.路径在windows下为D：\。。。等等

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 二。利用Python C API

 生成C++ dll 代码

注意：因为我的python是安装包安装的，64,没有源码，只提供了include 和Release下的lib。所以编程平台必须为X64 Release

        debug会发生找不到python27_d.lib的错误

#include "Python.h"

static PyObject *ex_foo(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
printf("Hello, world/n");
Py_INCREF(Py_None);
return Py_None;
}

static PyMethodDef example_methods[] =
{
{"foo", ex_foo, METH_VARARGS, "foo() doc string"},
{NULL, NULL}
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC
initexample(void)
{
Py_InitModule("example", example_methods);
}

static PyObject *ex_foo(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    printf("Hello, world/n");
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyMethodDef example_methods[] = 
{
    {"foo", ex_foo, METH_VARARGS, "foo() doc string"},
    {NULL, NULL}
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC
    initexample(void)
{
    Py_InitModule("example", example_methods);
}

最后，将生成的dll改为.pyd后缀

文件结构大概长这样

test.py 代码：

import os
    

dllpath=".\"
if dllpath not in os.sys.path:
    os.sys.path.append(dllpath)
print os.sys.path

import example
example.foo()

['D:\VSProjects\PyCAPI\x64\Release', 'D:\Program Files\Python27\lib\site
-packages\setuptools-3.4.1-py2.7.egg', 'D:\Program Files\Python27\lib\site-
packages\gnumpy-0.2-py2.7.egg', 'C:\Windows\system32\python27.zip', 'D:\Pro
gram Files\Python27\DLLs', 'D:\Program Files\Python27\lib', 'D:\Program Fi
les\Python27\lib\plat-win', 'D:\Program Files\Python27\lib\lib-tk', 'D:\
Program Files\Python27', 'D:\Program Files\Python27\lib\site-packages', 'D:
\Program Files\Python27\lib\site-packages\wx-2.8-msw-unicode', '.\']

Hello, world/n
请按任意键继续. . .

参考资料：

http://blog.csdn.net/vagrxie/article/details/3779247

http://blog.csdn.net/vagrxie/article/details/5251306

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