不就是语法和长难句吗—笔记总结Day2

6、区别定语从句和同位语从句

I have a dream that sounds funny.      (定语从句)

I have a dream that I will become a rich man. (同位语从句)

相同点:都是先行词+引导词+句子

不同点

1. 看从句本身意思,定语从句是对前面名词的修饰,而同位语从句是对前面名词意思的解释

2. 看引导词 that 在从句中是否充当了成分,如果充当了成分就是定语从句,没有充当就是同位语从句

3. 定语从句的先行词可以是所有名词,而同位语从句先行词只能是抽象名词

4. 定语从句的引导词总共有8个,而同位语从句(属于名词性从句)引导词一般是 that

7、 定语从句的至难点

 寻找先行词先读懂句子

· 定语从句的先行词就是离它最近的那个名词

· 定语从句的先行词是它前面几个并列的名词

· 定语从句的先行词是它前面的一个从句

· 定语从句的先行词是它前面的整个句子

· 定语从句的先行词和引导词被隔开了

 

8、 定语从句的考点分析

1)写作

只要在作文中见到名词,都可以有意识地加定语拉长句子。

英汉差异对比

· 汉语意合,英语形合

· 汉语主动,英语被动

· 汉语短句,英语长句

非谓语动词  并列句  从句

2)长难句分析

能够找到一句话中的定语成分,并且把它们通顺地翻译出来。

找定语的关键是找名词

n + 定/同/插入语/状语/动词

定语从名词后开始到主句的谓语动词之前结束

如果定语在主句谓语动词之后,定语就从名词后开始通常到句末结束

一个大定语中通常有无数小定语,每一个小定语到下一个名词后结束(固定搭配除外)

第五课  状语和状语从句

1、形容词、副词充当的成分

1)形容词(放在系动词后表语,放在名词前定语

2)副词无论如何都是作状语

(修饰实义动词、形容词、副词、整个句子

He cried sadly.

He looks especially sad.

He cried rather sadly.

Actually, he cries.

状语除了名词不能修饰,什么都可以修饰。

2、状语的成分

副词(短语)

介词短语

非谓语动词

从句

3、状语的位置(随便放

4、状语从句

状语从句引导词按本身意思分类,共分为 9类

♦1状语从句——时间状语从句

1)时间状语从句

· when = while(翻译为when时后用进行时态) = as

· before

· after

· since自从(只要一句话带since, 主句一定用完成时态)

I have fallen in love with you, since I met you.

· the moment = as soon as

· by the time

· until

· not...until

2)状语从句的时态问题

· When love comes, I will hold her hands.

(都没有发生,主将从现)

· When love came, I failed to hold her hands.

(都已发生,该用什么用什么)

3)区别 until 和 not...until

 · I will wait here until you come(延续性动词用 until)

 · I will not leave until you come(瞬间动词用 not...untill )

I did not realize the greatness of mothers until I grew up.

4)when 引导的时间状语从句省略的情况

when 引导的时间状语从句,如果主句和从句主语一致

并且从句谓语中有 be 动词, 此时从句主语和 be 动词可同时省略

When I was a kid, I enjoyed singing songs.

♦2状语从句——地点状语从句

常用引导词

where

The kind of trees grow well in moist places.

The kind of trees grow well where it is moist.

作地点状语的通常都是介词短语很少状语从句

3状语从句——原因状语从句

常用引导词

1)because    √ 因为

   as    

   since  

   in that  √

   seeing that

   considering that

   now that

   given that

2)for 连词

3)because of

   due to

   owing to

   thanks to

   for the sake of

   as a result of

  · He had a car accident because he was careless.

  · He had a car accident for he was careless.(for 连词必须放在两句话中间)

  · He had a car accident because of his carelessness.

 4状语从句——目的状语从句

1)to/in order to/so as to——表示目的,后+ v 动词原形

2)引导词+句子:so that (一般放句末) / in order that(随便放)

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/kamisamalz/p/12720773.html