【ubuntu】ubuntu 常用设置及软件安装

目录

• 一、更新aliyun源
• 二、安装chrome
• 三、创建idea桌面快捷方式
• 四、挂载exfat
• 五、桌面版安装网易云音乐
• 六、给firefox 安装flash
• 七、firefox 取消确认关闭多标签
• 地址输入栏
• 设置
• 八、Ubuntu 16上安装Code::Blocks
• 九、防火墙设置
• 十、vm tool 安装
• 十一、安装maven

一、更新aliyun源

#备份
$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
$ sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
#全部替换写入
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
$ sudo apt-get update #更新
$ sudo apt-get upgrade #更新已安装的包 

二、安装chrome

$ sudo wget http://www.linuxidc.com/files/repo/google-chrome.list -P /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
$ wget -q -O - https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub  | sudo apt-key add 
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install google-chrome-stable
#在软件中找到chrome

三、创建idea桌面快捷方式

$ sudo vim /usr/share/applications/intellij-idea.desktop
#写入以下内容
[Desktop Entry]
Name=IntelliJ IDEA
Exec=/usr/local/idea/idea-IU-173.4674.33/bin/idea.sh
Comment=IntelliJ IDEA
Icon=/usr/local/idea/idea-IU-173.4674.33/bin/idea.png
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Encoding=UTF-8

四、挂载exfat

$ sudo apt-get install exfat-utils

五、桌面版安装网易云音乐

sudo snap install netease-music --devmode --beta

六、给firefox 安装flash

$ tar -zxvf flash_player_npapi_linux.x86_64.tar.gz
$ sudo cp libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/firefox-addons/plugins
$ sudo cp -r usr/* /usr

七、firefox 取消确认关闭多标签

`

地址输入栏

about:config

设置

browser.tabs.warnOnCloseOtherTabs false
`

八、Ubuntu 16上安装Code::Blocks

$ sudo apt install codeblocks #Code Blocks 位于默认的Ubuntu软件包存储库中。
#Ubuntu 17.04包含Code Blocks版本16.01。 但是，该版本在Ubuntu 16.04中已经过时。 要安装最新版本，您可以使用PPA。 运行以下3个命令，将Code::Blocks #PPA添加到系统，更新本地包索引并安装包。
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:damien-moore/codeblocks-stable
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install codeblocks codeblocks-contrib

九、防火墙设置

$ sudo apt-get install ufw #如果无ufw,则安装
$ ufw enable | disable #启动和关闭
$ sudo ufw status #查看状态
$ sudo ufw allow 22/tcp #开放tcp 22
$ sudo ufw delete allow 22 #删除规则

十、vm tool 安装

$ tar zxpf VMwareTools-x.x.x-yyyy.tar.gz
$ cd vmware-tools-distrib
$ sudo ./vmware-install.pl (第一个提示 输入 y)

十一、安装maven

$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/maven
$ sudo wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.6.0/binaries/apache-maven-3.6.0-bin.tar.gz
$ sudo tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.6.0-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/maven/
$ vim /etc/profile

#新增行MAVEN_HOME,等于号后面是maven解压的文件夹地址
export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/maven/apache-maven-3.6.0
export PATH=$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH

$ source /etc/profile
$ mvn -version

#修改/创建 settings
$ sudo vim settings.xml

#以下为内容
    <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0
                              https://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
          <mirrors>
            <mirror>  
                <id>alimaven</id>  
                <name>aliyun maven</name>  
                <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>  
                <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>          
            </mirror>  
          </mirrors>
    </settings>