python--面向对象编程之学生选课系统练习

1、系统目录结构

文件夹注解：

bin--系统管理员和学生的主程序代码

config--系统的配置文件

db--系统的数据文件

　　admin--管理员的数据文件

　　student--学生的数据文件

lib--系统的公共类文件

1、admin.py

　　主要用于管理员注册、登录系统、创建授课老师、创建课程等操作。

  1 #!/usr/bin/env python
  2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  3 """
  4 管理员可操作的方法
  5 """
  6 import os
  7 import sys
  8 sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
  9 import  pickle
 10 import os
 11 from lib import models
 12 from config import settings
 13 from lib.models import Course
 14 from lib.models import Teacher
 15 from lib.models import Admin
 16 
 17 
 18 def create_teacher(admin_obj):
 19     """
 20     管理员创建老师
 21     :param admin_obj:
 22     :return:
 23     """
 24     teacher_list = []
 25     while True:
 26         teacher_name = input("请输入老师的姓名：(q退出)")
 27         if teacher_name == "q":
 28             break
 29         teacher_age = input("请输入老师的年龄：")
 30         obj = models.Teacher(teacher_name, teacher_age, admin_obj)
 31         teacher_list.append(obj)
 32         if os.path.exists("teacher_list"): #判断老师列表是否存在
 33             exists_list = pickle.load(open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
 34             teacher_list.extend(exists_list)
 35         pickle.dump(teacher_list, open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'wb'))
 36 
 37 def create_course(admin_obj):
 38     """
 39     管理员创建课程
 40     :param admin_obj:
 41     :return:
 42     """
 43     teacher_list = pickle.load(open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
 44     for num, item in enumerate(teacher_list, 1):
 45         print(num, item.name, item.age, item.create_time, item.create_admin.username)
 46     course_list = []
 47     while True:
 48         name = input("请输入课程名(q退出):")
 49         if name == "q":
 50             break
 51         cost = input("请输入课时费:")
 52         num = input('请选择老师(序号):')
 53         obj = models.Course(name, cost, teacher_list[int(num) - 1], admin_obj)
 54         course_list.append(obj)
 55     if os.path.exists(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR): #判断课程列表是否存在
 56         exists_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
 57         course_list.extend(exists_list)
 58     pickle.dump(course_list, open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'wb'))
 59 
 60 def look_course():
 61     """
 62     管理员查看课程表
 63     :return:
 64     """
 65     course_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
 66     for num, item in enumerate(course_list, 1):
 67         print(num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher.name, item.create_time, item.create_admin.username)
 68 
 69 def to_login(user, pwd):
 70     """
 71     管理员登录的方法
 72     :param user:
 73     :param pwd:
 74     :return:
 75     """
 76     if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user)):
 77         # 从文件中将管理员对象读取出来（里面封装了用户信息以及提供了登录访求）
 78         admin_obj = pickle.load(open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user), 'rb'))
 79         if admin_obj.login(user, pwd):
 80             print('登录成功！')
 81             while True:
 82                 sel = input("1、创建老师；2、创建课程; 3、查看课程表(q退出程序) 
 >>>>")
 83                 if sel == '1':  #创建老师
 84                     create_teacher(admin_obj)
 85                 elif sel == '2':  #创建课程
 86                     create_course(admin_obj)
 87                 elif sel == '3':
 88                     look_course()
 89                 else:
 90                     break
 91         else:
 92             return 1
 93     else:
 94         return 0
 95 
 96 def to_register(user, pwd):
 97     """
 98     管理员注册的方法
 99     :param user:
100     :param pwd:
101     :return:
102     """
103     admin_obj = models.Admin()
104     admin_obj.register(user, pwd)
105 
106 def main():
107     inp = input("1、管理员登录； 2、管理员注册；
 >>>>>")
108     user = input('请输入用户名：')
109     pwd = input('请输入密码：')
110     if inp == '1':
111         ret = to_login(user, pwd)
112         if ret == 1:
113             print("密码错误！")
114         elif ret == 0:
115             print("用户不存在！")
116 
117     elif inp == '2':
118         to_register(user, pwd)
119 
120 
121 if __name__ == "__main__":
122     main()

admin.py

2、students.py

　　主要是学生注册、登录系统，选课等操作。

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 """
 4 学生可操作的方法
 5 """
 6 import os
 7 import sys
 8 import pickle
 9 sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
10 
11 from lib.models import Course
12 from lib.models import Admin
13 from lib.models import Teacher
14 from config import settings
15 from lib import models
16 
17 def to_select_course(student_obj):
18     """
19     学生选课的方法
20     :param student_obj:
21     :return:
22     """
23     course_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
24     for num, item in enumerate(course_list, 1):
25         print(num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher.name)
26     while True:
27         num = input("请选择课程(q退出)：")
28         if num == 'q':
29             break
30         select_course_obj = course_list[int(num) - 1]
31         if select_course_obj not in student_obj.course_list:
32             student_obj.course_list.append(select_course_obj)
33     pickle.dump(student_obj, open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, student_obj.username), 'wb'))
34 
35 def course_info(student_obj):
36     """
37     查看学生已选择的课程
38     :return:
39     """
40     for item in student_obj.course_list:
41         print(item.course_name, item.teacher.name)
42 
43 def to_register(user, pwd):
44     """
45     学生注册
46     :param user:
47     :param pwd:
48     :return:
49     """
50     obj = models.Student()
51     obj.register(user, pwd)
52 
53 def to_login(user, pwd):
54     """
55     学生登录
56     :param user:
57     :param pwd:
58     :return:
59     """
60     if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user)):
61         student_obj = pickle.load(open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user), 'rb'))
62         if student_obj.login(user, pwd):
63             inp = input('1、选课；2、上课；3、查看已选课程 
 >>>')
64             if inp == '1':
65                 to_select_course(student_obj)
66             elif inp == '3':
67                 course_info(student_obj)
68             elif inp == '2':
69                 pass
70         else:
71             print('密码错误')
72     else:
73         print("学生用户不存在")
74 
75 def main():
76     inp = input("1、学生登录；2、学生注册；
 >>>")
77     user = input("请输入学生用户名：")
78     pwd = input("请输入登录密码：")
79     if inp == '1':
80         to_login(user, pwd)
81     elif inp == '2':
82         to_register(user, pwd)
83 
84 
85 if __name__ == "__main__":
86     main()

students.py

3、settings.py

　　系统主要路径参数的设置文件

1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
3 import os
4 #定义路径变量
5 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
6 BASE_ADMIN_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "admin")
7 BASE_STUDENTS_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "students")
8 TEACHER_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "teacher_list")
9 COURSE_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "course_list")

settings.py

4、models.py

　　系统公共类的代码实现

  1 #!/usr/bin/env python
  2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  3 """
  4 用于存储老师、管理员、学生类
  5 """
  6 
  7 import time
  8 import  pickle
  9 from config import settings
 10 import os
 11 
 12 
 13 #定义老师类
 14 class Teacher:
 15     """
 16     封装老师的相关信息
 17     """
 18     def __init__(self, name, age, admin):
 19         self.name = name
 20         self.age = age
 21         self.__assets = 0
 22         self.create_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
 23         self.create_admin = admin
 24 
 25     def gain(self, cost):
 26         """
 27         增加资产
 28         :param cost: 增加的数量
 29         :return:
 30         """
 31         self.__assets += cost
 32 
 33     def decrease(self, cost):
 34         """
 35         减少资产
 36         :param cost: 减少的数量
 37         :return:
 38         """
 39         self.__assets -= cost
 40 
 41 #定义课程类
 42 class Course:
 43     """
 44     课程相关信息
 45     """
 46     def __init__(self, course_name, cost, teacher_obj, admin):
 47         self.course_name = course_name
 48         self.cost = cost
 49         self.teacher = teacher_obj
 50         self.create_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
 51         self.create_admin = admin
 52 
 53 #定义管理员类
 54 class Admin:
 55     """
 56     封装管理员
 57     """
 58     def __init__(self):
 59         self.username = None
 60         self.password = None
 61 
 62     def login(self, user, pwd):
 63         """
 64         管理员登录
 65         :param user:
 66         :param pwd:
 67         :return:
 68         """
 69         if self.username == user and self.password == pwd:
 70             return True
 71         else:
 72             return False
 73 
 74     def register(self, user, pwd):
 75         """
 76         管理员注册
 77         :param user:
 78         :param pwd:
 79         :return:
 80         """
 81         self.username = user
 82         self.password= pwd
 83 
 84         path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, self.username)
 85         pickle.dump(self, open(path, 'xb'))
 86 
 87 #定义学生类
 88 class Student:
 89     """
 90     学生相关信息
 91     """
 92     def __init__(self):
 93         self.username = None
 94         self.password = None
 95 
 96         self.course_list = []
 97         self.study_dict = {}
 98 
 99     def select_course(self, course_obj):
100         """
101         学生选课
102         :param course_obj:
103         :return:
104         """
105         self.course_list.append(course_obj)
106 
107     def register(self, user, pwd):
108         """
109         学生注册
110         :param user:
111         :param pwd:
112         :return:
113         """
114         self.username = user
115         self.password = pwd
116         path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, self.username)
117         pickle.dump(self, open(path, 'xb'))
118 
119     def login(self, user, pwd):
120         """
121         学生登录
122         :param user:
123         :param pwd:
124         :return:
125         """
126         if self.username == user and self.password == pwd:
127             return True
128         else:
129             return False
130 
131     def study(self, course_obj):
132         """
133         学生上课
134         :param course_obj:
135         :return:
136         """
137         class_result = course_obj.have_lesson()
138         if course_obj in self.study_dict.keys():
139             self.study_dict[course_obj].append(class_result)
140         else:
141              self.study_dict[course_obj] = [class_result,]

models.py