centos7最小版本安装nginx+tomcat+java+mysql运行环境

　　最近项目从windows搬到linux，由于项目组成员有限并且有其它紧急的任务需要处理，因而这个任务就落到我的头上了。下面记录下centos最小版本安装nginx+tomcat+mysql+java的运行环境。

centos7 minimal安装

　　参考：http://www.tecmint.com/centos-7-installation/

安装java

　　下载Java，可到oracle官网获取相应的连接

wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2

# 改名：
mv jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2 jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
# 解压： 
tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
# 更换目录：
mv ./jdk1.7.0_79 /usr/local/ jdk1.7.0_79

　　添加到环境变量

root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile
# 在export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL下添加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_79

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

　　执行

source /etc/profile

　　使环境变量生效

　　查看是否安装成功

[root@localhost jdk1.7.0_79]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)

安装tomcat

# 创建用户
groupadd tomcat
useradd -s /bin/bash -g tomcat tomcat
下载：
wget http://apache.opencas.org/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.68/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz

# 解压：

tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz
复制：
cp -R ./apache-tomcat-7.0.68 /usr/local

cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68
修改权限：
chown -R tomcat:tomcat apache-tomcat-7.0.68
启动：
sh ./bin/startup.sh

　　将8080端口添加到防火墙例外并重启

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

　　访问：http://IP:8080/，熟悉的感觉

安装Mysql

# 创建用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /dev/null mysql
# 查看mysql用户
id mysql
# 下载：
wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /data
cd /data
mkdir mysql
cd mysql
mkdir -p mysql3306/{logs,tmp,data}
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf
vi /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf
修改
# 指定data目录
datadir=/data/mysql/mysql3306/data/
指定监听端口
port=3306
# 表名忽略大小写
lower_case_table_names=1

　　初始化mysql，（注意获取初始化密码），命令安装也可参考：centos7 安装mysql5.7.11注意事项

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --initialize
2016-02-26T10:28:43.821897Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-02-26T10:28:43.822126Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2016-02-26T10:28:43.822138Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.311120Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-02-26T10:28:44.411026Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.492963Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b671cd20-dc73-11e5-abe1-000c29c3b190.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.495657Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.511137Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fUVd&7p,qbf0
# 此处需要注意root用户生成的随机密码，后面要用到。

　　启动mysql

 bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=root

　　设置root用户密码

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password
Enter password: 
New password: 
Confirm new password: 
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

　　编辑/etc/profile，将mysql添加到环境变量（可参考java添加环境变量的方法）

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

安装nginx

　　安装依赖库

yum -y install gcc-c++
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel libssl-dev

　　下载并解压

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz

　　编译安装

./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module
make
make install

　　如果没报错的话，查看是否安装成功

whereis nginx

　　添加到防火墙例外

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

　　启动nginx

/usr/local/nginx/nginx

　　访问：http://IP/，熟悉的味道

Nginx和tomcat整合

　　tomcat配置

###### Tomcat配置
# 创建tomcat项目默认目录
mkdir /home/www/web/jsp/
# 配置tomcat默认项目
# ./conf/server.xml中的Host节点中添加
<Context path="" debug="0" docBase="/home/www/web/jsp/" reloadable="true"></Context>
# 重启tomcat
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/bin/startup.sh
# 创建index.jsp内容为“tomcat web project index page”

　　http://IP:8080/

　　创建test.html，内容为“tomcat test html”

　　http://192.168.222.128:8080/test.html

　　nginx配置

　　创建nginx静态文件存放目录

mkdir /home/www/web/ROOT

　　代理设置

[root@localhost nginx]# vi proxy.conf
!nginx
proxy.conf
proxy_redirect          off;

proxy_set_header        Host $host;

proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  #获取真实ip
proxy_set_header       X-Forwarded-For   $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip
client_max_body_size    10m;

client_body_buffer_size 128k;

proxy_connect_timeout   90;

proxy_send_timeout      90;

proxy_read_timeout      90;

proxy_buffer_size       4k;

proxy_buffers           4 32k;

proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;

proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

　　配置nginx.conf

#运行nginx所在的用户名和用户组
#user  www www;
启动进程数
worker_processes 8;
全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;
pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
工作模式及连接数上限
events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 65535;

}
设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http

{

#设定mime类型

include       mime.types;

default_type  application/octet-stream;

include /usr/local/nginx/proxy.conf;

#charset  gb2312;

#设定请求缓冲

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

#client_max_body_size 8m;
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush     on;
     
    keepalive_timeout </span><span style="color: #800080;">60</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
     
    tcp_nodelay on;
     
    #  fastcgi_connect_timeout </span><span style="color: #800080;">300</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
    #  fastcgi_send_timeout </span><span style="color: #800080;">300</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
    #  fastcgi_read_timeout </span><span style="color: #800080;">300</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
    #  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    #  fastcgi_buffers </span><span style="color: #800080;">4</span><span style="color: #000000;"> 64k;
    #  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    #  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
     
    #  </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">gzip</span><span style="color: #000000;"> on;
    #  gzip_min_length  1k;
    #  gzip_buffers     </span><span style="color: #800080;">4</span><span style="color: #000000;"> 16k;
    #  gzip_http_version </span><span style="color: #800080;">1.0</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
    #  gzip_comp_level </span><span style="color: #800080;">2</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
    #  gzip_types       text</span>/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/<span style="color: #000000;">xml;
    #  gzip_vary on;
     
    #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;
    ###禁止通过ip访问站点
    #server{
    #       server_name _;
    #       return </span><span style="color: #800080;">404</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
    #}


    server
    {
            listen       </span><span style="color: #800080;">80</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
            server_name  localhost;
            index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#设定访问的默认首页地址
            root  </span>/home/www/web/<span style="color: #000000;">ROOT;#设定网站的资源存放路径

            #limit_conn   crawler  </span><span style="color: #800080;">20</span><span style="color: #000000;">;   

            location </span>/<span style="color: #000000;"> {
                    index   index.html index.jsp;
            }        

            location </span>~ .*<span style="color: #000000;">.jsp$ #所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat处理
            {
                    index index.jsp;
                    proxy_pass http:</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">192.168.222.128:8080;#转向tomcat处理</span>

                }
            location </span>~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|<span style="color: #000000;">swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
            {
                    expires      30d;
            }
     
            location </span>~ .*.(js|css)?<span style="color: #000000;">$
            {
                    expires      1h;
            }
     
            #定义访问日志的写入格式
            #log_format  access  </span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" </span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #000000;">
            #</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" </span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #000000;">
            #</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #800000;">"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for</span><span style="color: #800000;">'</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
            #access_log  </span>/usr/local/nginx/logs/<span style="color: #000000;">localhost.log access;#设定访问日志的存放路径
     
    }

}

　　检测配置文件

/usr/local/nginx/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

　　平滑重启nginx

/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload

　　/home/www/web/ROOT目录下创建test.html内容为“nginx static html”

　　访问：http://IP/test.html

　　此时访问的是nginx静态资源所在的目录

　　http://IP/index.jsp

　　此时html等静态文件访问的是nginx指定的静态文件目录，而jsp文件则分发到tomcat进行处理。

服务自启动

　　mysql自启动

1./usr/lib/systemd/system目录下新建mysql.service
    [Unit]
Description=mysql
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]

Type=forking
LimitNOFILE=max_open_files
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid

TimeoutSec=0

PermissionsStartOnly=true

ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/

ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=mysql

ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID

ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID

PrivateTmp=false
Nice=nice_level
LimitCore=core_file_limit
Environment="LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/mysql/lib"
Restart=on-failure

RestartPreventExitStatus=1
[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

　　允许mysql开机启动

systemctl enable mysql

　　检查配置是否成功

systemctl is-enabled mysql

　　mysql开启慢查询

/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf中添加
# 慢日志
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/localhost-slow.log
slow_launch_time=1

　　nginx和tomcat自启动（和mysql类似，不再阐述）

centos7最小版本安装nginx+tomcat+java+mysql运行环境

下载：

复制：

修改权限：

启动：

修改# 指定data目录

指定监听端口port=3306# 表名忽略大小写

!nginx

proxy.conf

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip

启动进程数

全局错误日志及PID文件

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

工作模式及连接数上限

设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持

LimitNOFILE=max_open_files

Nice=nice_level

LimitCore=core_file_limit

Environment="LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/mysql/lib"

修改
# 指定data目录

指定监听端口
port=3306
# 表名忽略大小写