Spring Cloud Gateway入门

1、什么是Spring Cloud Gateway
Spring Cloud Gateway是Spring官方基于Spring 5.0，Spring Boot 2.0和Project Reactor等技术开发的网关，Spring Cloud Gateway旨在为微服务架构提供一种简单而有效的统一的API路由管理方式。Spring Cloud Gateway作为Spring Cloud生态系统中的网关，目标是替代Netflix ZUUL，其不仅提供统一的路由方式，并且基于Filter链的方式提供了网关基本的功能，例如：安全，监控/埋点，和限流等。

2、Spring Cloud Gateway入门案例
2.1 创建maven工程，pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.lynch</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">properties</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">project.build.sourceEncoding</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>UTF-8<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">project.build.sourceEncoding</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">project.reporting.outputEncoding</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>UTF-8<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">project.reporting.outputEncoding</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">java.version</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>1.8<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">java.version</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">spring-cloud.version</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>Finchley.RELEASE<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">spring-cloud.version</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">properties</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>

<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-test<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">scope</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>test<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">scope</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>org.springframework.cloud<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>spring-cloud-starter-gateway<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>

<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependencyManagement</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>org.springframework.cloud<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>spring-cloud-dependencies<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>${spring-cloud.version}<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>pom<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">scope</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>import<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">scope</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">dependencyManagement</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>

<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">build</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">plugins</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">plugin</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>spring-boot-maven-plugin<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">plugin</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">plugins</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">build</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>

</project>

2.2 Spring Cloud Gateway主程序

package com.lynch;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
/**


Spring Cloud Gateway主程序



@author Lynch

*/

@SpringBootApplication

public class Application {

@Bean

public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {

return builder.routes()

// basic proxy

.route(r -> r.path("/baidu")

.uri("http://baidu.com:80/"))

.build();

}
public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);

}


}

2.3 编写application.yml文件

server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: xujin_route
        uri: http://www.xujin.org:80/
        predicates:
        - Path=/xujin
logging:

level:

org.springframework.cloud.gateway: TRACE

org.springframework.http.server.reactive: DEBUG

org.springframework.web.reactive: DEBUG

reactor.ipc.netty: DEBUG

2.4 基本代理路由配置等同写法
Spring Cloud Gateway提供了两种配置路由规则的方法

第一:通过@Bean自定义RouteLocator

    @Bean
    public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
        return builder.routes()
                // basic proxy
                .route(r -> r.path("/baidu")
                .uri("http://baidu.com:80/"))
                .build();
    }

第二:通过属于文件或者yml文件配置

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: xujin_route
        uri: http://www.xujin.org:80/
        predicates:
        - Path=/xujin

2.5 运行测试
访问http://localhost:8080/baidu，路由转发到http://www.baidu.com
访问http://localhost:8080/xujin，路由转发到http://xujin.orgyml

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/linjiqin/p/9766257.html