service层测试较简单，目前大多数测试主要是针对public方法进行的。依据测试方法划分，可以分为两种：基于mock的隔离测试和基于dbunit的普通测试。
mock隔离测试
配置pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
<version>1.10.19</version>
</dependency>
测试原理
隔离测试主要通过@Mock和@InjectMocks两个注解来实现模拟与被模拟。
@Mock：模拟出一个Mock对象，对象是空的，需要指明对象调用什么方法，传入什么参数时，返回什么值
@InjectMocks：依赖@Mock对象的类，也即是被测试的类。@Mock出的对象会被注入到@InjectMocks对象中
测试示例
被测类及方法
import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;
import com.agoura.agoura.mapper.MembersMapper;
import com.agoura.agoura.service.MembersService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class MembersServiceImpl implements MembersService {
@<span class="hljs-keyword">Autowired</span>
private MembersMapper membersMapper;
@<span class="hljs-keyword">Override</span>
public Members getMemberById(int id) {
<span class="hljs-selector-tag">return</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">membersMapper</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.selectByPrimaryKey</span>(<span class="hljs-selector-tag">id</span>);
}
}
测试类及方法
import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;
import com.agoura.agoura.mapper.MembersMapper;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class MembersServiceTest {
@<span class="hljs-type">Mock</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-type">MembersMapper</span> membersMapper;
@<span class="hljs-type">InjectMocks</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-type">MembersServiceImpl</span> membersService;
@<span class="hljs-type">Before</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> void setUp() <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> <span class="hljs-type">Exception</span> {
<span class="hljs-type">MockitoAnnotations</span>.initMocks(this);
}
@<span class="hljs-type">Test</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> void testGetMembersById() {
<span class="hljs-type">Members</span> m = new <span class="hljs-type">Members</span>(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"wangwu"</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"12131232342"</span>);
when(membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>)).thenReturn(m);
<span class="hljs-type">Members</span> result = membersService.getMemberById(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>);
<span class="hljs-type">System</span>.out.<span class="hljs-built_in">println</span>(result);
assertEquals(m, result);
when(membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(<span class="hljs-type">Mockito</span>.anyInt())).thenReturn(m);
result = membersService.getMemberById(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>);
<span class="hljs-type">System</span>.out.<span class="hljs-built_in">println</span>(result);
assertEquals(m, result);
}
}
测试结果
基于dbunit普通测试
unitils-dbunit测试直接模拟底层数据库中存储的内容，对service层进行测试的时候会直接连同DAO层一起测试。具体测试方法可以参考基于dbunit进行mybatis DAO层Excel单元测试