NS2学习笔记(二)

Tcl语言

变量和变量赋值

set a "Hello World!" #将字符串赋值给变量a

puts "NS2 say $a" #输出字符串的内容,其中$a表示变量a的内容

输出:NS2 say Hello World!

表达式

Tcl中的表达式用expr这个指令来求解。(expression)

set value [expr 0==1]#判断0==1是否成立

puts $value

输出:0

set value [expr 2+3]

puts $value

输出:5

流程控制

if-else:

set my_planet "earth"
if {$my_planet == "earth"}
{
    ...
}
elseif {$my_planet == "venus"}
{
   ...
}
else
{
   ...
}

switch:

set num_legs 4
switch $num_legs
{
    2 {puts "It could be a human."}
    4 {puts "It could be an cow."}
    6 {puts "It could be an ant."}
    default {puts "It could be anything."}
}

for:

for {set i 0} {$i < 5} {incr i 1}
{
    puts "In the for loop, and i == $i"
}

while:

set i 0
while($i < 5)
{
    puts "In the while loop, and i == $i"
    incr i 1
}

foreach:

foreach vowel{a e i o u}
{
    puts "$vowel is a vowel"
}

输出:a is a vowel

     e is a vowel

     i is a vowel

     o is a vowel

     u is a vowel

过程

Tcl中的【过程】与C语言中的函数类似:proc name params body

name:过程名

params:参数列表

body:过程的主体

例如:

proc sum_proc {a b}
{
    return [expr $a + $b]
}
set num1 12
set num2 24
set sum [sum_proc $num1 $num2]
puts "The sum is $sum"

输出:The sum is 36

有一点值得注意的是,如果在过程外面定义了某个全局变量,而想在过程中使用这个全局变量,需要在过程中声明,声明方式为:global 全局变量名

数组

set myarray(0) "Zero"
set myarray(1) "One"
set myarray(2) "Two"

for {set i 0} {$i < 3} {incr i 1}
{
    puts $myarray($i)
}

输出:Zero

     One

     Two

数组的索引也可以为字符串

set person_info(name) "Fred Smith"
set person_info(age) "25"
set person_info(occupation) "Plumber"

foreach thing {name age occupation}
{
    puts "$thing == $person_info($thing)"
}

输出:name == Fred Smith

    age == 25

    occupation == Plumber

当数组中的索引很多时,没必要在foreach时列出每一个索引,而可以用foreach thing [array names person_info]来代替。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/johnsblog/p/4203779.html