引言：Zend操作数据库通过Zend_Db_Adapter
它可以连接多种数据库，可以是DB2数据库、MySQli数据库、Oracle数据库。等等。
只需要配置相应的参数就可以了。
下面通过案例来展示一下其连接数据库的过程。
连接mysql数据库
代码：
<?php require_once 'Zend/Db.php'; $params = array('host'=>'127.0.0.1', 'username'=>'root', 'password'=>'', 'dbname'=>'test' ); $db = Zend_Db::factory('PDO_Mysql',$params);
点评：
这是连接mysql的代码案例，提供相应的参数就可以了。连接不同的数据库，提供不同的参数。下面是sqlite的例子
代码：
<?php require_once 'Zend/Db.php'; $params = array('dbname'=>'test.mdb'); $db = Zend_Db::factory('PDO_Sqlite',$params);
点评：
sqlite明显参数不一样了，只需要提供数据库名字就可以了。
连接完数据库之后，就可以查询数据库信息以及操作数据库信息了。
如果查询呢？
下面是查询的代码案例：
<?php require_once 'Zend/Db.php'; $params = array('host'=>'127.0.0.1', 'username'=>'root', 'password'=>'', 'dbname'=>'test' ); $db = Zend_Db::factory('PDO_Mysql',$params); $sql = $db->quoteInto('SELECT * FROM user WHERE id<?','5'); $result = $db->query($sql); //执行SQL查询 $r_a = $result->fetchAll(); //返回结果数组 print_r($r_a);
点评：
执行完上述代码，就会展示出数据库中前五条记录的信息。
那么这其中的玄机是什么呢？
我们来看一下源码。
我们来看看Db.php中的factory方法
public static function factory($adapter, $config = array()) { if ($config instanceof Zend_Config) { $config = $config->toArray(); } /* * Convert Zend_Config argument to plain string * adapter name and separate config object. */ if ($adapter instanceof Zend_Config) { if (isset($adapter->params)) { $config = $adapter->params->toArray(); } if (isset($adapter->adapter)) { $adapter = (string) $adapter->adapter; } else { $adapter = null; } } /* * Verify that adapter parameters are in an array. */ if (!is_array($config)) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Exception('Adapter parameters must be in an array or a Zend_Config object'); } /* * Verify that an adapter name has been specified. */ if (!is_string($adapter) || empty($adapter)) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Exception('Adapter name must be specified in a string'); } /* * Form full adapter class name */ $adapterNamespace = 'Zend_Db_Adapter'; if (isset($config['adapterNamespace'])) { if ($config['adapterNamespace'] != '') { $adapterNamespace = $config['adapterNamespace']; } unset($config['adapterNamespace']); } // Adapter no longer normalized- see http://framework.zend.com/issues/browse/ZF-5606 $adapterName = $adapterNamespace . '_'; $adapterName .= str_replace(' ', '_', ucwords(str_replace('_', ' ', strtolower($adapter)))); print_r($adapterName);exit; /* * Load the adapter class. This throws an exception * if the specified class cannot be loaded. */ if (!class_exists($adapterName)) { require_once 'Zend/Loader.php'; Zend_Loader::loadClass($adapterName); } /* * Create an instance of the adapter class. * Pass the config to the adapter class constructor. */ $dbAdapter = new $adapterName($config); /* * Verify that the object created is a descendent of the abstract adapter type. */ if (! $dbAdapter instanceof Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Exception("Adapter class '$adapterName' does not extend Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract"); } return $dbAdapter; }
点评：这个方法就是核心了，代码量不多，但是作用很明确，它会通过你提供的两个参数，自动生成相应的数据库连接类的对象。具有一定的灵活性，机动性。
主要是其中的
$adapterName = $adapterNamespace . '_'; $adapterName .= str_replace(' ', '_', ucwords(str_replace('_', ' ', strtolower($adapter)))); /* * Load the adapter class. This throws an exception * if the specified class cannot be loaded. */ if (!class_exists($adapterName)) { require_once 'Zend/Loader.php'; Zend_Loader::loadClass($adapterName); }
这段代码会引入相应的数据库连接类，比如前面的两个例子，就是分别引入了Zend目录下Db目录下Adapter目录下Pdo目录下的mysql.php类。
不同的数据库，会引入不同的数据库文件。
我们来看看mysql.php类中的内容：
<?php /** * Zend Framework * * LICENSE * * This source file is subject to the new BSD license that is bundled * with this package in the file LICENSE.txt. * It is also available through the world-wide-web at this URL: * http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd * If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to * obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email * to license@zend.com so we can send you a copy immediately. * * @category Zend * @package Zend_Db * @subpackage Adapter * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2012 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd New BSD License * @version $Id: Mysql.php 24593 2012-01-05 20:35:02Z matthew $ */ /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Pdo_Abstract */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Pdo/Abstract.php'; /** * Class for connecting to MySQL databases and performing common operations. * * @category Zend * @package Zend_Db * @subpackage Adapter * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2012 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd New BSD License */ class Zend_Db_Adapter_Pdo_Mysql extends Zend_Db_Adapter_Pdo_Abstract { /** * PDO type. * * @var string */ protected $_pdoType = 'mysql'; /** * Keys are UPPERCASE SQL datatypes or the constants * Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE, or Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE. * * Values are: * 0 = 32-bit integer * 1 = 64-bit integer * 2 = float or decimal * * @var array Associative array of datatypes to values 0, 1, or 2. */ protected $_numericDataTypes = array( Zend_Db::INT_TYPE => Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE => Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE, Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE => Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE, 'INT' => Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, 'INTEGER' => Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, 'MEDIUMINT' => Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, 'SMALLINT' => Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, 'TINYINT' => Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, 'BIGINT' => Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE, 'SERIAL' => Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE, 'DEC' => Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE, 'DECIMAL' => Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE, 'DOUBLE' => Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE, 'DOUBLE PRECISION' => Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE, 'FIXED' => Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE, 'FLOAT' => Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE ); /** * Override _dsn() and ensure that charset is incorporated in mysql * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Pdo_Abstract::_dsn() */ protected function _dsn() { $dsn = parent::_dsn(); if (isset($this->_config['charset'])) { $dsn .= ';charset=' . $this->_config['charset']; } return $dsn; } /** * Creates a PDO object and connects to the database. * * @return void * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ protected function _connect() { if ($this->_connection) { return; } if (!empty($this->_config['charset'])) { $initCommand = "SET NAMES '" . $this->_config['charset'] . "'"; $this->_config['driver_options'][1002] = $initCommand; // 1002 = PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND } parent::_connect(); } /** * @return string */ public function getQuoteIdentifierSymbol() { return "`"; } /** * Returns a list of the tables in the database. * * @return array */ public function listTables() { return $this->fetchCol('SHOW TABLES'); } /** * Returns the column descriptions for a table. * * The return value is an associative array keyed by the column name, * as returned by the RDBMS. * * The value of each array element is an associative array * with the following keys: * * SCHEMA_NAME => string; name of database or schema * TABLE_NAME => string; * COLUMN_NAME => string; column name * COLUMN_POSITION => number; ordinal position of column in table * DATA_TYPE => string; SQL datatype name of column * DEFAULT => string; default expression of column, null if none * NULLABLE => boolean; true if column can have nulls * LENGTH => number; length of CHAR/VARCHAR * SCALE => number; scale of NUMERIC/DECIMAL * PRECISION => number; precision of NUMERIC/DECIMAL * UNSIGNED => boolean; unsigned property of an integer type * PRIMARY => boolean; true if column is part of the primary key * PRIMARY_POSITION => integer; position of column in primary key * IDENTITY => integer; true if column is auto-generated with unique values * * @param string $tableName * @param string $schemaName OPTIONAL * @return array */ public function describeTable($tableName, $schemaName = null) { // @todo use INFORMATION_SCHEMA someday when MySQL's // implementation has reasonably good performance and // the version with this improvement is in wide use. if ($schemaName) { $sql = 'DESCRIBE ' . $this->quoteIdentifier("$schemaName.$tableName", true); } else { $sql = 'DESCRIBE ' . $this->quoteIdentifier($tableName, true); } $stmt = $this->query($sql); // Use FETCH_NUM so we are not dependent on the CASE attribute of the PDO connection $result = $stmt->fetchAll(Zend_Db::FETCH_NUM); $field = 0; $type = 1; $null = 2; $key = 3; $default = 4; $extra = 5; $desc = array(); $i = 1; $p = 1; foreach ($result as $row) { list($length, $scale, $precision, $unsigned, $primary, $primaryPosition, $identity) = array(null, null, null, null, false, null, false); if (preg_match('/unsigned/', $row[$type])) { $unsigned = true; } if (preg_match('/^((?:var)?char)\((\d+)\)/', $row[$type], $matches)) { $row[$type] = $matches[1]; $length = $matches[2]; } else if (preg_match('/^decimal\((\d+),(\d+)\)/', $row[$type], $matches)) { $row[$type] = 'decimal'; $precision = $matches[1]; $scale = $matches[2]; } else if (preg_match('/^float\((\d+),(\d+)\)/', $row[$type], $matches)) { $row[$type] = 'float'; $precision = $matches[1]; $scale = $matches[2]; } else if (preg_match('/^((?:big|medium|small|tiny)?int)\((\d+)\)/', $row[$type], $matches)) { $row[$type] = $matches[1]; // The optional argument of a MySQL int type is not precision // or length; it is only a hint for display width. } if (strtoupper($row[$key]) == 'PRI') { $primary = true; $primaryPosition = $p; if ($row[$extra] == 'auto_increment') { $identity = true; } else { $identity = false; } ++$p; } $desc[$this->foldCase($row[$field])] = array( 'SCHEMA_NAME' => null, // @todo 'TABLE_NAME' => $this->foldCase($tableName), 'COLUMN_NAME' => $this->foldCase($row[$field]), 'COLUMN_POSITION' => $i, 'DATA_TYPE' => $row[$type], 'DEFAULT' => $row[$default], 'NULLABLE' => (bool) ($row[$null] == 'YES'), 'LENGTH' => $length, 'SCALE' => $scale, 'PRECISION' => $precision, 'UNSIGNED' => $unsigned, 'PRIMARY' => $primary, 'PRIMARY_POSITION' => $primaryPosition, 'IDENTITY' => $identity ); ++$i; } return $desc; } /** * Adds an adapter-specific LIMIT clause to the SELECT statement. * * @param string $sql * @param integer $count * @param integer $offset OPTIONAL * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception * @return string */ public function limit($sql, $count, $offset = 0) { $count = intval($count); if ($count <= 0) { /** @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception("LIMIT argument count=$count is not valid"); } $offset = intval($offset); if ($offset < 0) { /** @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception("LIMIT argument offset=$offset is not valid"); } $sql .= " LIMIT $count"; if ($offset > 0) { $sql .= " OFFSET $offset"; } return $sql; } }
这里又引入了一个Abstract类
，抽象类
<?php /** * Zend Framework * * LICENSE * * This source file is subject to the new BSD license that is bundled * with this package in the file LICENSE.txt. * It is also available through the world-wide-web at this URL: * http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd * If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to * obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email * to license@zend.com so we can send you a copy immediately. * * @category Zend * @package Zend_Db * @subpackage Adapter * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2012 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd New BSD License * @version $Id: Abstract.php 24593 2012-01-05 20:35:02Z matthew $ */ /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Abstract.php'; /** * @see Zend_Db_Statement_Pdo */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Statement/Pdo.php'; /** * Class for connecting to SQL databases and performing common operations using PDO. * * @category Zend * @package Zend_Db * @subpackage Adapter * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2012 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd New BSD License */ abstract class Zend_Db_Adapter_Pdo_Abstract extends Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract { /** * Default class name for a DB statement. * * @var string */ protected $_defaultStmtClass = 'Zend_Db_Statement_Pdo'; /** * Creates a PDO DSN for the adapter from $this->_config settings. * * @return string */ protected function _dsn() { // baseline of DSN parts $dsn = $this->_config; // don't pass the username, password, charset, persistent and driver_options in the DSN unset($dsn['username']); unset($dsn['password']); unset($dsn['options']); unset($dsn['charset']); unset($dsn['persistent']); unset($dsn['driver_options']); // use all remaining parts in the DSN foreach ($dsn as $key => $val) { $dsn[$key] = "$key=$val"; } return $this->_pdoType . ':' . implode(';', $dsn); } /** * Creates a PDO object and connects to the database. * * @return void * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ protected function _connect() { // if we already have a PDO object, no need to re-connect. if ($this->_connection) { return; } // get the dsn first, because some adapters alter the $_pdoType $dsn = $this->_dsn(); // check for PDO extension if (!extension_loaded('pdo')) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception('The PDO extension is required for this adapter but the extension is not loaded'); } // check the PDO driver is available if (!in_array($this->_pdoType, PDO::getAvailableDrivers())) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception('The ' . $this->_pdoType . ' driver is not currently installed'); } // create PDO connection $q = $this->_profiler->queryStart('connect', Zend_Db_Profiler::CONNECT); // add the persistence flag if we find it in our config array if (isset($this->_config['persistent']) && ($this->_config['persistent'] == true)) { $this->_config['driver_options'][PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT] = true; } try { $this->_connection = new PDO( $dsn, $this->_config['username'], $this->_config['password'], $this->_config['driver_options'] ); $this->_profiler->queryEnd($q); // set the PDO connection to perform case-folding on array keys, or not $this->_connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_CASE, $this->_caseFolding); // always use exceptions. $this->_connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); } catch (PDOException $e) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e); } } /** * Test if a connection is active * * @return boolean */ public function isConnected() { return ((bool) ($this->_connection instanceof PDO)); } /** * Force the connection to close. * * @return void */ public function closeConnection() { $this->_connection = null; } /** * Prepares an SQL statement. * * @param string $sql The SQL statement with placeholders. * @param array $bind An array of data to bind to the placeholders. * @return PDOStatement */ public function prepare($sql) { $this->_connect(); $stmtClass = $this->_defaultStmtClass; if (!class_exists($stmtClass)) { require_once 'Zend/Loader.php'; Zend_Loader::loadClass($stmtClass); } $stmt = new $stmtClass($this, $sql); $stmt->setFetchMode($this->_fetchMode); return $stmt; } /** * Gets the last ID generated automatically by an IDENTITY/AUTOINCREMENT column. * * As a convention, on RDBMS brands that support sequences * (e.g. Oracle, PostgreSQL, DB2), this method forms the name of a sequence * from the arguments and returns the last id generated by that sequence. * On RDBMS brands that support IDENTITY/AUTOINCREMENT columns, this method * returns the last value generated for such a column, and the table name * argument is disregarded. * * On RDBMS brands that don't support sequences, $tableName and $primaryKey * are ignored. * * @param string $tableName OPTIONAL Name of table. * @param string $primaryKey OPTIONAL Name of primary key column. * @return string */ public function lastInsertId($tableName = null, $primaryKey = null) { $this->_connect(); return $this->_connection->lastInsertId(); } /** * Special handling for PDO query(). * All bind parameter names must begin with ':' * * @param string|Zend_Db_Select $sql The SQL statement with placeholders. * @param array $bind An array of data to bind to the placeholders. * @return Zend_Db_Statement_Pdo * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception To re-throw PDOException. */ public function query($sql, $bind = array()) { if (empty($bind) && $sql instanceof Zend_Db_Select) { $bind = $sql->getBind(); } if (is_array($bind)) { foreach ($bind as $name => $value) { if (!is_int($name) && !preg_match('/^:/', $name)) { $newName = ":$name"; unset($bind[$name]); $bind[$newName] = $value; } } } try { return parent::query($sql, $bind); } catch (PDOException $e) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Statement_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Statement/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Statement_Exception($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e); } } /** * Executes an SQL statement and return the number of affected rows * * @param mixed $sql The SQL statement with placeholders. * May be a string or Zend_Db_Select. * @return integer Number of rows that were modified * or deleted by the SQL statement */ public function exec($sql) { if ($sql instanceof Zend_Db_Select) { $sql = $sql->assemble(); } try { $affected = $this->getConnection()->exec($sql); if ($affected === false) { $errorInfo = $this->getConnection()->errorInfo(); /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception($errorInfo[2]); } return $affected; } catch (PDOException $e) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e); } } /** * Quote a raw string. * * @param string $value Raw string * @return string Quoted string */ protected function _quote($value) { if (is_int($value) || is_float($value)) { return $value; } $this->_connect(); return $this->_connection->quote($value); } /** * Begin a transaction. */ protected function _beginTransaction() { $this->_connect(); $this->_connection->beginTransaction(); } /** * Commit a transaction. */ protected function _commit() { $this->_connect(); $this->_connection->commit(); } /** * Roll-back a transaction. */ protected function _rollBack() { $this->_connect(); $this->_connection->rollBack(); } /** * Set the PDO fetch mode. * * @todo Support FETCH_CLASS and FETCH_INTO. * * @param int $mode A PDO fetch mode. * @return void * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ public function setFetchMode($mode) { //check for PDO extension if (!extension_loaded('pdo')) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception('The PDO extension is required for this adapter but the extension is not loaded'); } switch ($mode) { case PDO::FETCH_LAZY: case PDO::FETCH_ASSOC: case PDO::FETCH_NUM: case PDO::FETCH_BOTH: case PDO::FETCH_NAMED: case PDO::FETCH_OBJ: $this->_fetchMode = $mode; break; default: /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception("Invalid fetch mode '$mode' specified"); break; } } /** * Check if the adapter supports real SQL parameters. * * @param string $type 'positional' or 'named' * @return bool */ public function supportsParameters($type) { switch ($type) { case 'positional': case 'named': default: return true; } } /** * Retrieve server version in PHP style * * @return string */ public function getServerVersion() { $this->_connect(); try { $version = $this->_connection->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION); } catch (PDOException $e) { // In case of the driver doesn't support getting attributes return null; } $matches = null; if (preg_match('/((?:[0-9]{1,2}\.){1,3}[0-9]{1,2})/', $version, $matches)) { return $matches[1]; } else { return null; } } }
这个抽象类中又有另一个核心的抽象类。一些核心的方法都在这里
<?php /** * Zend Framework * * LICENSE * * This source file is subject to the new BSD license that is bundled * with this package in the file LICENSE.txt. * It is also available through the world-wide-web at this URL: * http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd * If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to * obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email * to license@zend.com so we can send you a copy immediately. * * @category Zend * @package Zend_Db * @subpackage Adapter * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2012 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd New BSD License * @version $Id: Abstract.php 25229 2013-01-18 08:17:21Z frosch $ */ /** * @see Zend_Db */ require_once 'Zend/Db.php'; /** * @see Zend_Db_Select */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Select.php'; /** * Class for connecting to SQL databases and performing common operations. * * @category Zend * @package Zend_Db * @subpackage Adapter * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2012 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd New BSD License */ abstract class Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract { /** * User-provided configuration * * @var array */ protected $_config = array(); /** * Fetch mode * * @var integer */ protected $_fetchMode = Zend_Db::FETCH_ASSOC; /** * Query profiler object, of type Zend_Db_Profiler * or a subclass of that. * * @var Zend_Db_Profiler */ protected $_profiler; /** * Default class name for a DB statement. * * @var string */ protected $_defaultStmtClass = 'Zend_Db_Statement'; /** * Default class name for the profiler object. * * @var string */ protected $_defaultProfilerClass = 'Zend_Db_Profiler'; /** * Database connection * * @var object|resource|null */ protected $_connection = null; /** * Specifies the case of column names retrieved in queries * Options * Zend_Db::CASE_NATURAL (default) * Zend_Db::CASE_LOWER * Zend_Db::CASE_UPPER * * @var integer */ protected $_caseFolding = Zend_Db::CASE_NATURAL; /** * Specifies whether the adapter automatically quotes identifiers. * If true, most SQL generated by Zend_Db classes applies * identifier quoting automatically. * If false, developer must quote identifiers themselves * by calling quoteIdentifier(). * * @var bool */ protected $_autoQuoteIdentifiers = true; /** * Keys are UPPERCASE SQL datatypes or the constants * Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE, or Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE. * * Values are: * 0 = 32-bit integer * 1 = 64-bit integer * 2 = float or decimal * * @var array Associative array of datatypes to values 0, 1, or 2. */ protected $_numericDataTypes = array( Zend_Db::INT_TYPE => Zend_Db::INT_TYPE, Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE => Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE, Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE => Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE ); /** Weither or not that object can get serialized * * @var bool */ protected $_allowSerialization = true; /** * Weither or not the database should be reconnected * to that adapter when waking up * * @var bool */ protected $_autoReconnectOnUnserialize = false; /** * Constructor. * * $config is an array of key/value pairs or an instance of Zend_Config * containing configuration options. These options are common to most adapters: * * dbname => (string) The name of the database to user * username => (string) Connect to the database as this username. * password => (string) Password associated with the username. * host => (string) What host to connect to, defaults to localhost * * Some options are used on a case-by-case basis by adapters: * * port => (string) The port of the database * persistent => (boolean) Whether to use a persistent connection or not, defaults to false * protocol => (string) The network protocol, defaults to TCPIP * caseFolding => (int) style of case-alteration used for identifiers * socket => (string) The socket or named pipe that should be used * * @param array|Zend_Config $config An array or instance of Zend_Config having configuration data * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ public function __construct($config) { /* * Verify that adapter parameters are in an array. */ if (!is_array($config)) { /* * Convert Zend_Config argument to a plain array. */ if ($config instanceof Zend_Config) { $config = $config->toArray(); } else { /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception('Adapter parameters must be in an array or a Zend_Config object'); } } $this->_checkRequiredOptions($config); $options = array( Zend_Db::CASE_FOLDING => $this->_caseFolding, Zend_Db::AUTO_QUOTE_IDENTIFIERS => $this->_autoQuoteIdentifiers, Zend_Db::FETCH_MODE => $this->_fetchMode, ); $driverOptions = array(); /* * normalize the config and merge it with the defaults */ if (array_key_exists('options', $config)) { // can't use array_merge() because keys might be integers foreach ((array) $config['options'] as $key => $value) { $options[$key] = $value; } } if (array_key_exists('driver_options', $config)) { if (!empty($config['driver_options'])) { // can't use array_merge() because keys might be integers foreach ((array) $config['driver_options'] as $key => $value) { $driverOptions[$key] = $value; } } } if (!isset($config['charset'])) { $config['charset'] = null; } if (!isset($config['persistent'])) { $config['persistent'] = false; } $this->_config = array_merge($this->_config, $config); $this->_config['options'] = $options; $this->_config['driver_options'] = $driverOptions; // obtain the case setting, if there is one if (array_key_exists(Zend_Db::CASE_FOLDING, $options)) { $case = (int) $options[Zend_Db::CASE_FOLDING]; switch ($case) { case Zend_Db::CASE_LOWER: case Zend_Db::CASE_UPPER: case Zend_Db::CASE_NATURAL: $this->_caseFolding = $case; break; default: /** @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception('Case must be one of the following constants: ' . 'Zend_Db::CASE_NATURAL, Zend_Db::CASE_LOWER, Zend_Db::CASE_UPPER'); } } if (array_key_exists(Zend_Db::FETCH_MODE, $options)) { if (is_string($options[Zend_Db::FETCH_MODE])) { $constant = 'Zend_Db::FETCH_' . strtoupper($options[Zend_Db::FETCH_MODE]); if(defined($constant)) { $options[Zend_Db::FETCH_MODE] = constant($constant); } } $this->setFetchMode((int) $options[Zend_Db::FETCH_MODE]); } // obtain quoting property if there is one if (array_key_exists(Zend_Db::AUTO_QUOTE_IDENTIFIERS, $options)) { $this->_autoQuoteIdentifiers = (bool) $options[Zend_Db::AUTO_QUOTE_IDENTIFIERS]; } // obtain allow serialization property if there is one if (array_key_exists(Zend_Db::ALLOW_SERIALIZATION, $options)) { $this->_allowSerialization = (bool) $options[Zend_Db::ALLOW_SERIALIZATION]; } // obtain auto reconnect on unserialize property if there is one if (array_key_exists(Zend_Db::AUTO_RECONNECT_ON_UNSERIALIZE, $options)) { $this->_autoReconnectOnUnserialize = (bool) $options[Zend_Db::AUTO_RECONNECT_ON_UNSERIALIZE]; } // create a profiler object $profiler = false; if (array_key_exists(Zend_Db::PROFILER, $this->_config)) { $profiler = $this->_config[Zend_Db::PROFILER]; unset($this->_config[Zend_Db::PROFILER]); } $this->setProfiler($profiler); } /** * Check for config options that are mandatory. * Throw exceptions if any are missing. * * @param array $config * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ protected function _checkRequiredOptions(array $config) { // we need at least a dbname if (! array_key_exists('dbname', $config)) { /** @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception("Configuration array must have a key for 'dbname' that names the database instance"); } if (! array_key_exists('password', $config)) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception("Configuration array must have a key for 'password' for login credentials"); } if (! array_key_exists('username', $config)) { /** * @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception("Configuration array must have a key for 'username' for login credentials"); } } /** * Returns the underlying database connection object or resource. * If not presently connected, this initiates the connection. * * @return object|resource|null */ public function getConnection() { $this->_connect(); return $this->_connection; } /** * Returns the configuration variables in this adapter. * * @return array */ public function getConfig() { return $this->_config; } /** * Set the adapter's profiler object. * * The argument may be a boolean, an associative array, an instance of * Zend_Db_Profiler, or an instance of Zend_Config. * * A boolean argument sets the profiler to enabled if true, or disabled if * false. The profiler class is the adapter's default profiler class, * Zend_Db_Profiler. * * An instance of Zend_Db_Profiler sets the adapter's instance to that * object. The profiler is enabled and disabled separately. * * An associative array argument may contain any of the keys 'enabled', * 'class', and 'instance'. The 'enabled' and 'instance' keys correspond to the * boolean and object types documented above. The 'class' key is used to name a * class to use for a custom profiler. The class must be Zend_Db_Profiler or a * subclass. The class is instantiated with no constructor arguments. The 'class' * option is ignored when the 'instance' option is supplied. * * An object of type Zend_Config may contain the properties 'enabled', 'class', and * 'instance', just as if an associative array had been passed instead. * * @param Zend_Db_Profiler|Zend_Config|array|boolean $profiler * @return Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract Provides a fluent interface * @throws Zend_Db_Profiler_Exception if the object instance or class specified * is not Zend_Db_Profiler or an extension of that class. */ public function setProfiler($profiler) { $enabled = null; $profilerClass = $this->_defaultProfilerClass; $profilerInstance = null; if ($profilerIsObject = is_object($profiler)) { if ($profiler instanceof Zend_Db_Profiler) { $profilerInstance = $profiler; } else if ($profiler instanceof Zend_Config) { $profiler = $profiler->toArray(); } else { /** * @see Zend_Db_Profiler_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Profiler/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Profiler_Exception('Profiler argument must be an instance of either Zend_Db_Profiler' . ' or Zend_Config when provided as an object'); } } if (is_array($profiler)) { if (isset($profiler['enabled'])) { $enabled = (bool) $profiler['enabled']; } if (isset($profiler['class'])) { $profilerClass = $profiler['class']; } if (isset($profiler['instance'])) { $profilerInstance = $profiler['instance']; } } else if (!$profilerIsObject) { $enabled = (bool) $profiler; } if ($profilerInstance === null) { if (!class_exists($profilerClass)) { require_once 'Zend/Loader.php'; Zend_Loader::loadClass($profilerClass); } $profilerInstance = new $profilerClass(); } if (!$profilerInstance instanceof Zend_Db_Profiler) { /** @see Zend_Db_Profiler_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Profiler/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Profiler_Exception('Class ' . get_class($profilerInstance) . ' does not extend ' . 'Zend_Db_Profiler'); } if (null !== $enabled) { $profilerInstance->setEnabled($enabled); } $this->_profiler = $profilerInstance; return $this; } /** * Returns the profiler for this adapter. * * @return Zend_Db_Profiler */ public function getProfiler() { return $this->_profiler; } /** * Get the default statement class. * * @return string */ public function getStatementClass() { return $this->_defaultStmtClass; } /** * Set the default statement class. * * @return Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract Fluent interface */ public function setStatementClass($class) { $this->_defaultStmtClass = $class; return $this; } /** * Prepares and executes an SQL statement with bound data. * * @param mixed $sql The SQL statement with placeholders. * May be a string or Zend_Db_Select. * @param mixed $bind An array of data to bind to the placeholders. * @return Zend_Db_Statement_Interface */ public function query($sql, $bind = array()) { // connect to the database if needed $this->_connect(); // is the $sql a Zend_Db_Select object? if ($sql instanceof Zend_Db_Select) { if (empty($bind)) { $bind = $sql->getBind(); } $sql = $sql->assemble(); } // make sure $bind to an array; // don't use (array) typecasting because // because $bind may be a Zend_Db_Expr object if (!is_array($bind)) { $bind = array($bind); } // prepare and execute the statement with profiling $stmt = $this->prepare($sql); $stmt->execute($bind); // return the results embedded in the prepared statement object $stmt->setFetchMode($this->_fetchMode); return $stmt; } /** * Leave autocommit mode and begin a transaction. * * @return Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract */ public function beginTransaction() { $this->_connect(); $q = $this->_profiler->queryStart('begin', Zend_Db_Profiler::TRANSACTION); $this->_beginTransaction(); $this->_profiler->queryEnd($q); return $this; } /** * Commit a transaction and return to autocommit mode. * * @return Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract */ public function commit() { $this->_connect(); $q = $this->_profiler->queryStart('commit', Zend_Db_Profiler::TRANSACTION); $this->_commit(); $this->_profiler->queryEnd($q); return $this; } /** * Roll back a transaction and return to autocommit mode. * * @return Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract */ public function rollBack() { $this->_connect(); $q = $this->_profiler->queryStart('rollback', Zend_Db_Profiler::TRANSACTION); $this->_rollBack(); $this->_profiler->queryEnd($q); return $this; } /** * Inserts a table row with specified data. * * @param mixed $table The table to insert data into. * @param array $bind Column-value pairs. * @return int The number of affected rows. * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ public function insert($table, array $bind) { // extract and quote col names from the array keys $cols = array(); $vals = array(); $i = 0; foreach ($bind as $col => $val) { $cols[] = $this->quoteIdentifier($col, true); if ($val instanceof Zend_Db_Expr) { $vals[] = $val->__toString(); unset($bind[$col]); } else { if ($this->supportsParameters('positional')) { $vals[] = '?'; } else { if ($this->supportsParameters('named')) { unset($bind[$col]); $bind[':col'.$i] = $val; $vals[] = ':col'.$i; $i++; } else { /** @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception(get_class($this) ." doesn't support positional or named binding"); } } } } // build the statement $sql = "INSERT INTO " . $this->quoteIdentifier($table, true) . ' (' . implode(', ', $cols) . ') ' . 'VALUES (' . implode(', ', $vals) . ')'; // execute the statement and return the number of affected rows if ($this->supportsParameters('positional')) { $bind = array_values($bind); } $stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind); $result = $stmt->rowCount(); return $result; } /** * Updates table rows with specified data based on a WHERE clause. * * @param mixed $table The table to update. * @param array $bind Column-value pairs. * @param mixed $where UPDATE WHERE clause(s). * @return int The number of affected rows. * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ public function update($table, array $bind, $where = '') { /** * Build "col = ?" pairs for the statement, * except for Zend_Db_Expr which is treated literally. */ $set = array(); $i = 0; foreach ($bind as $col => $val) { if ($val instanceof Zend_Db_Expr) { $val = $val->__toString(); unset($bind[$col]); } else { if ($this->supportsParameters('positional')) { $val = '?'; } else { if ($this->supportsParameters('named')) { unset($bind[$col]); $bind[':col'.$i] = $val; $val = ':col'.$i; $i++; } else { /** @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception(get_class($this) ." doesn't support positional or named binding"); } } } $set[] = $this->quoteIdentifier($col, true) . ' = ' . $val; } $where = $this->_whereExpr($where); /** * Build the UPDATE statement */ $sql = "UPDATE " . $this->quoteIdentifier($table, true) . ' SET ' . implode(', ', $set) . (($where) ? " WHERE $where" : ''); /** * Execute the statement and return the number of affected rows */ if ($this->supportsParameters('positional')) { $stmt = $this->query($sql, array_values($bind)); } else { $stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind); } $result = $stmt->rowCount(); return $result; } /** * Deletes table rows based on a WHERE clause. * * @param mixed $table The table to update. * @param mixed $where DELETE WHERE clause(s). * @return int The number of affected rows. */ public function delete($table, $where = '') { $where = $this->_whereExpr($where); /** * Build the DELETE statement */ $sql = "DELETE FROM " . $this->quoteIdentifier($table, true) . (($where) ? " WHERE $where" : ''); /** * Execute the statement and return the number of affected rows */ $stmt = $this->query($sql); $result = $stmt->rowCount(); return $result; } /** * Convert an array, string, or Zend_Db_Expr object * into a string to put in a WHERE clause. * * @param mixed $where * @return string */ protected function _whereExpr($where) { if (empty($where)) { return $where; } if (!is_array($where)) { $where = array($where); } foreach ($where as $cond => &$term) { // is $cond an int? (i.e. Not a condition) if (is_int($cond)) { // $term is the full condition if ($term instanceof Zend_Db_Expr) { $term = $term->__toString(); } } else { // $cond is the condition with placeholder, // and $term is quoted into the condition $term = $this->quoteInto($cond, $term); } $term = '(' . $term . ')'; } $where = implode(' AND ', $where); return $where; } /** * Creates and returns a new Zend_Db_Select object for this adapter. * * @return Zend_Db_Select */ public function select() { return new Zend_Db_Select($this); } /** * Get the fetch mode. * * @return int */ public function getFetchMode() { return $this->_fetchMode; } /** * Fetches all SQL result rows as a sequential array. * Uses the current fetchMode for the adapter. * * @param string|Zend_Db_Select $sql An SQL SELECT statement. * @param mixed $bind Data to bind into SELECT placeholders. * @param mixed $fetchMode Override current fetch mode. * @return array */ public function fetchAll($sql, $bind = array(), $fetchMode = null) { if ($fetchMode === null) { $fetchMode = $this->_fetchMode; } $stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind); $result = $stmt->fetchAll($fetchMode); return $result; } /** * Fetches the first row of the SQL result. * Uses the current fetchMode for the adapter. * * @param string|Zend_Db_Select $sql An SQL SELECT statement. * @param mixed $bind Data to bind into SELECT placeholders. * @param mixed $fetchMode Override current fetch mode. * @return mixed Array, object, or scalar depending on fetch mode. */ public function fetchRow($sql, $bind = array(), $fetchMode = null) { if ($fetchMode === null) { $fetchMode = $this->_fetchMode; } $stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind); $result = $stmt->fetch($fetchMode); return $result; } /** * Fetches all SQL result rows as an associative array. * * The first column is the key, the entire row array is the * value. You should construct the query to be sure that * the first column contains unique values, or else * rows with duplicate values in the first column will * overwrite previous data. * * @param string|Zend_Db_Select $sql An SQL SELECT statement. * @param mixed $bind Data to bind into SELECT placeholders. * @return array */ public function fetchAssoc($sql, $bind = array()) { $stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind); $data = array(); while ($row = $stmt->fetch(Zend_Db::FETCH_ASSOC)) { $tmp = array_values(array_slice($row, 0, 1)); $data[$tmp[0]] = $row; } return $data; } /** * Fetches the first column of all SQL result rows as an array. * * @param string|Zend_Db_Select $sql An SQL SELECT statement. * @param mixed $bind Data to bind into SELECT placeholders. * @return array */ public function fetchCol($sql, $bind = array()) { $stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind); $result = $stmt->fetchAll(Zend_Db::FETCH_COLUMN, 0); return $result; } /** * Fetches all SQL result rows as an array of key-value pairs. * * The first column is the key, the second column is the * value. * * @param string|Zend_Db_Select $sql An SQL SELECT statement. * @param mixed $bind Data to bind into SELECT placeholders. * @return array */ public function fetchPairs($sql, $bind = array()) { $stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind); $data = array(); while ($row = $stmt->fetch(Zend_Db::FETCH_NUM)) { $data[$row[0]] = $row[1]; } return $data; } /** * Fetches the first column of the first row of the SQL result. * * @param string|Zend_Db_Select $sql An SQL SELECT statement. * @param mixed $bind Data to bind into SELECT placeholders. * @return string */ public function fetchOne($sql, $bind = array()) { $stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind); $result = $stmt->fetchColumn(0); return $result; } /** * Quote a raw string. * * @param string $value Raw string * @return string Quoted string */ protected function _quote($value) { if (is_int($value)) { return $value; } elseif (is_float($value)) { return sprintf('%F', $value); } return "'" . addcslashes($value, "\000\n\r\\'\"\032") . "'"; } /** * Safely quotes a value for an SQL statement. * * If an array is passed as the value, the array values are quoted * and then returned as a comma-separated string. * * @param mixed $value The value to quote. * @param mixed $type OPTIONAL the SQL datatype name, or constant, or null. * @return mixed An SQL-safe quoted value (or string of separated values). */ public function quote($value, $type = null) { $this->_connect(); if ($value instanceof Zend_Db_Select) { return '(' . $value->assemble() . ')'; } if ($value instanceof Zend_Db_Expr) { return $value->__toString(); } if (is_array($value)) { foreach ($value as &$val) { $val = $this->quote($val, $type); } return implode(', ', $value); } if ($type !== null && array_key_exists($type = strtoupper($type), $this->_numericDataTypes)) { $quotedValue = '0'; switch ($this->_numericDataTypes[$type]) { case Zend_Db::INT_TYPE: // 32-bit integer $quotedValue = (string) intval($value); break; case Zend_Db::BIGINT_TYPE: // 64-bit integer // ANSI SQL-style hex literals (e.g. x'[\dA-F]+') // are not supported here, because these are string // literals, not numeric literals. if (preg_match('/^( [+-]? # optional sign (?: 0[Xx][\da-fA-F]+ # ODBC-style hexadecimal |\d+ # decimal or octal, or MySQL ZEROFILL decimal (?:[eE][+-]?\d+)? # optional exponent on decimals or octals ) )/x', (string) $value, $matches)) { $quotedValue = $matches[1]; } break; case Zend_Db::FLOAT_TYPE: // float or decimal $quotedValue = sprintf('%F', $value); } return $quotedValue; } return $this->_quote($value); } /** * Quotes a value and places into a piece of text at a placeholder. * * The placeholder is a question-mark; all placeholders will be replaced * with the quoted value. For example: * * <code> * $text = "WHERE date < ?"; * $date = "2005-01-02"; * $safe = $sql->quoteInto($text, $date); * // $safe = "WHERE date < '2005-01-02'" * </code> * * @param string $text The text with a placeholder. * @param mixed $value The value to quote. * @param string $type OPTIONAL SQL datatype * @param integer $count OPTIONAL count of placeholders to replace * @return string An SQL-safe quoted value placed into the original text. */ public function quoteInto($text, $value, $type = null, $count = null) { if ($count === null) { return str_replace('?', $this->quote($value, $type), $text); } else { while ($count > 0) { if (strpos($text, '?') !== false) { $text = substr_replace($text, $this->quote($value, $type), strpos($text, '?'), 1); } --$count; } return $text; } } /** * Quotes an identifier. * * Accepts a string representing a qualified indentifier. For Example: * <code> * $adapter->quoteIdentifier('myschema.mytable') * </code> * Returns: "myschema"."mytable" * * Or, an array of one or more identifiers that may form a qualified identifier: * <code> * $adapter->quoteIdentifier(array('myschema','my.table')) * </code> * Returns: "myschema"."my.table" * * The actual quote character surrounding the identifiers may vary depending on * the adapter. * * @param string|array|Zend_Db_Expr $ident The identifier. * @param boolean $auto If true, heed the AUTO_QUOTE_IDENTIFIERS config option. * @return string The quoted identifier. */ public function quoteIdentifier($ident, $auto=false) { return $this->_quoteIdentifierAs($ident, null, $auto); } /** * Quote a column identifier and alias. * * @param string|array|Zend_Db_Expr $ident The identifier or expression. * @param string $alias An alias for the column. * @param boolean $auto If true, heed the AUTO_QUOTE_IDENTIFIERS config option. * @return string The quoted identifier and alias. */ public function quoteColumnAs($ident, $alias, $auto=false) { return $this->_quoteIdentifierAs($ident, $alias, $auto); } /** * Quote a table identifier and alias. * * @param string|array|Zend_Db_Expr $ident The identifier or expression. * @param string $alias An alias for the table. * @param boolean $auto If true, heed the AUTO_QUOTE_IDENTIFIERS config option. * @return string The quoted identifier and alias. */ public function quoteTableAs($ident, $alias = null, $auto = false) { return $this->_quoteIdentifierAs($ident, $alias, $auto); } /** * Quote an identifier and an optional alias. * * @param string|array|Zend_Db_Expr $ident The identifier or expression. * @param string $alias An optional alias. * @param boolean $auto If true, heed the AUTO_QUOTE_IDENTIFIERS config option. * @param string $as The string to add between the identifier/expression and the alias. * @return string The quoted identifier and alias. */ protected function _quoteIdentifierAs($ident, $alias = null, $auto = false, $as = ' AS ') { if ($ident instanceof Zend_Db_Expr) { $quoted = $ident->__toString(); } elseif ($ident instanceof Zend_Db_Select) { $quoted = '(' . $ident->assemble() . ')'; } else { if (is_string($ident)) { $ident = explode('.', $ident); } if (is_array($ident)) { $segments = array(); foreach ($ident as $segment) { if ($segment instanceof Zend_Db_Expr) { $segments[] = $segment->__toString(); } else { $segments[] = $this->_quoteIdentifier($segment, $auto); } } if ($alias !== null && end($ident) == $alias) { $alias = null; } $quoted = implode('.', $segments); } else { $quoted = $this->_quoteIdentifier($ident, $auto); } } if ($alias !== null) { $quoted .= $as . $this->_quoteIdentifier($alias, $auto); } return $quoted; } /** * Quote an identifier. * * @param string $value The identifier or expression. * @param boolean $auto If true, heed the AUTO_QUOTE_IDENTIFIERS config option. * @return string The quoted identifier and alias. */ protected function _quoteIdentifier($value, $auto=false) { if ($auto === false || $this->_autoQuoteIdentifiers === true) { $q = $this->getQuoteIdentifierSymbol(); return ($q . str_replace("$q", "$q$q", $value) . $q); } return $value; } /** * Returns the symbol the adapter uses for delimited identifiers. * * @return string */ public function getQuoteIdentifierSymbol() { return '"'; } /** * Return the most recent value from the specified sequence in the database. * This is supported only on RDBMS brands that support sequences * (e.g. Oracle, PostgreSQL, DB2). Other RDBMS brands return null. * * @param string $sequenceName * @return string */ public function lastSequenceId($sequenceName) { return null; } /** * Generate a new value from the specified sequence in the database, and return it. * This is supported only on RDBMS brands that support sequences * (e.g. Oracle, PostgreSQL, DB2). Other RDBMS brands return null. * * @param string $sequenceName * @return string */ public function nextSequenceId($sequenceName) { return null; } /** * Helper method to change the case of the strings used * when returning result sets in FETCH_ASSOC and FETCH_BOTH * modes. * * This is not intended to be used by application code, * but the method must be public so the Statement class * can invoke it. * * @param string $key * @return string */ public function foldCase($key) { switch ($this->_caseFolding) { case Zend_Db::CASE_LOWER: $value = strtolower((string) $key); break; case Zend_Db::CASE_UPPER: $value = strtoupper((string) $key); break; case Zend_Db::CASE_NATURAL: default: $value = (string) $key; } return $value; } /** * called when object is getting serialized * This disconnects the DB object that cant be serialized * * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception * @return array */ public function __sleep() { if ($this->_allowSerialization == false) { /** @see Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ require_once 'Zend/Db/Adapter/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception(get_class($this) ." is not allowed to be serialized"); } $this->_connection = false; return array_keys(array_diff_key(get_object_vars($this), array('_connection'=>false))); } /** * called when object is getting unserialized * * @return void */ public function __wakeup() { if ($this->_autoReconnectOnUnserialize == true) { $this->getConnection(); } } /** * Abstract Methods */ /** * Returns a list of the tables in the database. * * @return array */ abstract public function listTables(); /** * Returns the column descriptions for a table. * * The return value is an associative array keyed by the column name, * as returned by the RDBMS. * * The value of each array element is an associative array * with the following keys: * * SCHEMA_NAME => string; name of database or schema * TABLE_NAME => string; * COLUMN_NAME => string; column name * COLUMN_POSITION => number; ordinal position of column in table * DATA_TYPE => string; SQL datatype name of column * DEFAULT => string; default expression of column, null if none * NULLABLE => boolean; true if column can have nulls * LENGTH => number; length of CHAR/VARCHAR * SCALE => number; scale of NUMERIC/DECIMAL * PRECISION => number; precision of NUMERIC/DECIMAL * UNSIGNED => boolean; unsigned property of an integer type * PRIMARY => boolean; true if column is part of the primary key * PRIMARY_POSITION => integer; position of column in primary key * * @param string $tableName * @param string $schemaName OPTIONAL * @return array */ abstract public function describeTable($tableName, $schemaName = null); /** * Creates a connection to the database. * * @return void */ abstract protected function _connect(); /** * Test if a connection is active * * @return boolean */ abstract public function isConnected(); /** * Force the connection to close. * * @return void */ abstract public function closeConnection(); /** * Prepare a statement and return a PDOStatement-like object. * * @param string|Zend_Db_Select $sql SQL query * @return Zend_Db_Statement|PDOStatement */ abstract public function prepare($sql); /** * Gets the last ID generated automatically by an IDENTITY/AUTOINCREMENT column. * * As a convention, on RDBMS brands that support sequences * (e.g. Oracle, PostgreSQL, DB2), this method forms the name of a sequence * from the arguments and returns the last id generated by that sequence. * On RDBMS brands that support IDENTITY/AUTOINCREMENT columns, this method * returns the last value generated for such a column, and the table name * argument is disregarded. * * @param string $tableName OPTIONAL Name of table. * @param string $primaryKey OPTIONAL Name of primary key column. * @return string */ abstract public function lastInsertId($tableName = null, $primaryKey = null); /** * Begin a transaction. */ abstract protected function _beginTransaction(); /** * Commit a transaction. */ abstract protected function _commit(); /** * Roll-back a transaction. */ abstract protected function _rollBack(); /** * Set the fetch mode. * * @param integer $mode * @return void * @throws Zend_Db_Adapter_Exception */ abstract public function setFetchMode($mode); /** * Adds an adapter-specific LIMIT clause to the SELECT statement. * * @param mixed $sql * @param integer $count * @param integer $offset * @return string */ abstract public function limit($sql, $count, $offset = 0); /** * Check if the adapter supports real SQL parameters. * * @param string $type 'positional' or 'named' * @return bool */ abstract public function supportsParameters($type); /** * Retrieve server version in PHP style * * @return string */ abstract public function getServerVersion(); }
到此，我已经晕了。你呢？？？
哈哈哈。。。
下面看一些简单的案例
插入数据到数据库：
<?php require_once 'Zend/Db.php'; $params = array('host'=>'127.0.0.1', 'username'=>'root', 'password'=>'', 'dbname'=>'test' ); $db = Zend_Db::factory('PDO_Mysql',$params); $row = array( 'username'=>'Jiqing', 'password'=>'jiqing90061234' ); $table = 'user'; $res = $db->insert($table,$row); if($res){ echo "成功插入新的记录！"; echo "<p>"; $last_insert_id = $db->lastInsertId($table); echo "新记录的ID值为："; echo $last_insert_id; echo "<p>"; echo "其内容为："; $sql = "select * from $table where id=$last_insert_id"; $result = $db->fetchRow($sql); echo "<p>"; foreach($result as $key=>$val){ echo $key; echo "值为："; echo $val; echo "<p>"; } }else{ echo "插入数据有误"; }
结果为：
成功插入新的记录！
新记录的ID值为：13
其内容为：
id值为：13
username值为：Jiqing
password值为：jiqing90061234
修改update方法
删除delete方法
都大同小异，首先连接数据库，然后填写相应参数，执行即可。
查询方法总结：
fetchAll()匹配查询结果，返回一个连续的数组。
fetchAssoc()匹配查询结果，返回一个联合的数组。
fetchCol()匹配结果的第一列，返回一个数组。
fetchOne()陪陪查询结果的第一列与第一行的值，返回一个字符串。
fetchRow()匹配查询结果的第一行，返回一个数组。
常用的是第一个和最后一个方法，其他的方法用的不是很多。