Hibernate学习三----------session详解

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如何获取session对象

  1. openSession

  2. getCurrentSession

    - 如果使用getCurrentSession需要在hibernate.cfg.xml中进行如下配置:

    如果是本地事务(jdbc事务)

<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

    如果是全局事务(jta事务)

<property name="current_session_context_class">jta</property>

    - 全局事务和本地事务

    本地事务适合对一个数据库进行操作,全局事务适合对多个数据库进行操作;

    当存在多个数据库是,也就存在多个session,这样本地事务就无法对多个session进行统一管理,因此可以使用全局事务。

  3. openSession和getCurrentSession区别

    - getCurrentSession在事务提交或者回滚之后会自动关闭session,而openSession需要你手动关闭session。如果使用openSession而没有手动关闭,多次之后会导致连接池溢出

    - openSession每次创建新的session对象,getCurrentSession使用现有的session对象

实例

1.项目结构

2.pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  
  	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  	
	<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
	<artifactId>Hibernate-Session</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>Hibernate-Session Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
	
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<hiberante.version>5.1.6.Final</hiberante.version>
	</properties>
	
	<dependencies>
		<!-- junit -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.12</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- hibernate -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
		    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
		    <version>${hiberante.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- mysql -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
		    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		    <version>5.1.42</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<finalName>Hibernate-Session</finalName>
	</build>
  
</project>

3.hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>

	<!-- 配置SessionFactory -->
	<session-factory>
		<!-- 设置数据库连接属性 -->
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="connection.password">***</property>
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="connection.url">
			jdbc:mysql:///hibernate?useSSL=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8
		</property>
		
		<!-- 设置常用属性 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property><!-- 输出SQL -->
		<property name="format_sql">true</property><!-- 格式化SQL -->
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property><!-- 方言 -->
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property><!-- 检查数据库表结构是否一致,不一致更新,一致忽略 -->
		<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property><!-- 本地事务(jdbc事务) -->
		
		<!-- 引入映射文件 -->
		<mapping resource="hbm/Student.hbm.xml"/>
	</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

4.Student.java

package org.hibernate.model;

import java.util.Date;

public class Student {

	private long sid; // 学号
	private String sname; // 姓名
	private String gender; // 性别
	private Date birthday; // 出生日期
	private String address;// 地址

	public Student(long sid, String sname, String gender, Date birthday, String address) {
		super();
		this.sid = sid;
		this.sname = sname;
		this.gender = gender;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		this.address = address;
	}

	public long getSid() {
		return sid;
	}

	public void setSid(long sid) {
		this.sid = sid;
	}

	public String getSname() {
		return sname;
	}

	public void setSname(String sname) {
		this.sname = sname;
	}

	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}

	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

}

5.Student.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<hibernate-mapping>

	<class name="org.hibernate.model.Student" table="STUDENT">
		<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Long">
			<column name="SID"/>
			<generator class="assigned"/><!-- 自定义主键 -->
		</id>	
		<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String">
			<column name="SNAME"/>
		</property>
		<property name="gender" type="java.lang.String">
			<column name="GENDER"/>
		</property>
		<property name="birthday" type="java.util.Date">
			<column name="BIRTHDAY"/>
		</property>
		<property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
			<column name="ADDRESS"/>
		</property>
	</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

6.HibernateTest.java

package org.hibernate.test;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.jdbc.Work;
import org.hibernate.model.Student;
import org.junit.Test;

public class HibernateTest {

	@Test
	public void testOpenSession() {
		
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();// 获取配置对象
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();// 获取SessionFactory对象
		Session session1 = sessionFactory.openSession();// 获取Session对象
		Session session2 = sessionFactory.openSession();// 获取Session对象
		boolean result = session1 == session2;
		if (result) {
			System.out.println("openSession使用现有的session对象");
		} else {
			System.out.println("openSession每次都创建新的session对象");
		}
		
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testGetCurrentSession() {
		
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();// 获取配置对象
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();// 获取SessionFactory对象
		Session session1 = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();// 获取Session对象
		Session session2 = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();// 获取Session对象
		boolean result = session1 == session2;
		if (result) {
			System.out.println("getCurrentSession使用现有的session对象");
		} else {
			System.out.println("getCurrentSession每次都创建新的session对象");
		}
		
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSaveStudentWithOpenSession() {
	
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();// 获取配置对象
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();// 获取SessionFactory对象
		
		Session session1 = sessionFactory.openSession();// 获取Session对象
		Transaction transaction = session1.beginTransaction();// 开启事务
		Student student = new Student(1, "张三", "男", new Date(), "北京");// 创建Student对象
		session1.doWork(new Work() {
			
			public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
				
				System.out.println("connection hashCode: " + connection.hashCode());
				
			}
		});
		session1.save(student);// 保存对象
		transaction.commit();
		System.out.println(session1);

		Session session2 = sessionFactory.openSession();// 获取Session对象
		transaction = session2.beginTransaction();// 开启事务
		student = new Student(2, "李四", "男", new Date(), "上海");// 创建Student对象
		session2.doWork(new Work() {
			
			public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
				
				System.out.println("connection hashCode: " + connection.hashCode());
				
			}
		});
		session2.save(student);// 保存对象
		transaction.commit();
		System.out.println(session2);
		
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSaveStudentWithGetCurrentSession() {
	
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();// 获取配置对象
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();// 获取SessionFactory对象
		Session session1 = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();// 获取Session对象
		
		Transaction transaction = session1.beginTransaction();// 开启事务
		Student student = new Student(1, "张三", "男", new Date(), "北京");// 创建Student对象
		session1.doWork(new Work() {
			
			public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
				
				System.out.println("connection hashcode: " + connection.hashCode());
				
			}
		});
		session1.save(student);// 保存对象
		transaction.commit();// 提交事务
		System.out.println(session1);
		
		Session session2 = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();// 获取Session对象
		transaction = session2.beginTransaction();// 开启事务
		student = new Student(2, "李四", "男", new Date(), "上海");// 创建Student对象
		session2.doWork(new Work() {
			
			public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
				
				System.out.println("connection hashcode: " + connection.hashCode());
				
			}
		});
		session2.save(student);// 保存对象
		transaction.commit();// 提交事务
		System.out.println(session2);
		
	}
	
}

7.效果预览

  7.1 执行testOpenSession()方法(通过openSession方法两次获取的session不一致,所以openSession每次都创建新的session对象)

  7.2 执行testGetCurrentSession()方法(通过getCurrentSession方法两次获取的session一致,所以getCurrentSession使用现有的session对象)

  7.3 执行testSaveStudentWithOpenSession()方法(两个session的哈希值是一样的,但是session都没有关闭;说明openSession不会自动关闭session,但是事务提交之后会自动关闭数据连接,因此第二个session使用的是第一个session关闭的数据库连接)

  7.4 执行testSaveStudentWithGetCurrentSession()方法(两个session的哈希值是一样的,session都关闭了;说明getCurrentSession在事务提交后会自动关闭session,关闭数据连接,因此第二个session使用的是第一个session关闭的数据库连接)

9.总结

  参考视频中说openSession获取的session不手动释放session,也就不会释放数据库连接。但是测试发现,openSession获取的session不会自动释放session,但是事务提交后会自动释放数据库连接。个人感觉只要提交事务后数据库连接都会被释放,session若是通过openSession获取的需手动关闭,若是通过getCurrentSession获取的则会在事务提交后自动释放

参考:http://www.imooc.com/learn/396

   http://blog.csdn.net/skiof007/article/details/10960027

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jinjiyese153/p/6903739.html