这里总结出两种方式测试restful
① RestTemplate
② MockMvc
1、Users.class
package com.testRestful.model;
import lombok.Data;
/**
* @author
* @date 2018/6/25
*/
@Data
public class Users {
private String id;
private String userName;
private String password;
private String age;
private String email;
}
2.UserService.class
package com.testRestful.service;
import com.testRestful.model.Users;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserService {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
public List<Users> getAll() {
List<Users> list = new ArrayList<>();
Users users = new Users();
users.setId("001");
users.setUserName("xxxxx");
users.setAge("20");
users.setEmail("1232@qq.com");
Users users1 = new Users();
users1.setId("002");
users1.setUserName("qqqq");
users1.setAge("18");
users1.setEmail("1232@qq.com");
list.add(users);
list.add(users1);
return list;
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Users getUserById(String id) {
Users users = new Users();
users.setId(id);
users.setUserName("xxxxx");
users.setAge("20");
users.setEmail("1232@qq.com");
return users;
}
/**
* 根据id删除用户
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Users deleteUserById(String id) {
//执行删除操作
Users users = new Users();
users.setId(id);
users.setUserName("该用户是删除的用户");
users.setAge("20");
users.setEmail("1232@qq.com");
return users;
}
/**
* 根据id修改用户
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Users editUserById(String id) {
//执行修改操作
Users users = new Users();
users.setId(id);
users.setUserName("该用户是修改的用户");
users.setAge("20");
users.setEmail("1232@qq.com");
return users;
}
/**
* 保存用户
* @param users
* @return
*/
public Users save(Users users) {
//执行保存操作
return users;
}
}
3. UserController.class
package com.testRestful.controller;
import com.testRestful.model.Users;
import com.testRestful.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "users",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public List<Users> getAll() {
List<Users> users = userService.getAll();
return users;
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户通过占位符GET方式(restTemplate使用的方法)
* @param id
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "users/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Users getUserById(@PathVariable(name = "id") String id) {
return userService.getUserById(id);
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户通过占位符GET方式(mockMvc使用的方法)
* @param id
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "getusers",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Users getUsers(String id) {
return userService.getUserById(id);
}
/**
* 根据id删除用户
* @param id
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "users/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
public Users deleteUserById(@PathVariable(name = "id") String id) {
System.out.println("请求的参数为:" + id);
return userService.deleteUserById(id);
}
/**
* 根据id修改用户
* @param id
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "users/{id}",method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public Users editUserById(@PathVariable(name = "id") String id) {
System.out.println("请求的参数为:" + id);
return userService.editUserById(id);
}
/**
* 保存用户(restTemplate使用的方法)
* @param users
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "save",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Users save(@RequestBody Users users) {
return userService.save(users);
}
/**
* 保存用户(mockMvc使用的方法)
* @param users
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "saveAdd",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Users saveAdd(Users users) {
return userService.save(users);
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户通过传参POST方式
* @param id
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "getUserByIdRePost",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Users getUserByIdRePost(@RequestBody String id) {
return userService.getUserById(id);
}
}
4.RestTemplate测试方法
总结RestTemplate
①GET getForEntity和getForObject只能通过url占位符进行传参
②DELETE delete
③PUT put
④POST postForEntity和postForObject可以进行传参但是controller参数要通过@RequestBody注解才能获取
Users getUserByIdRePost(@RequestBody String id)
Users save(@RequestBody Users users)
package com.testRestful.test;
import com.testRestful.model.Users;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author luoxianwei
* @date 2018/6/22
*
* 总结RestTemplate
* ①GET getForEntity和getForObject只能通过url占位符进行传参
* ②DELETE delete
* ③PUT put
* ④POST postForEntity和postForObject可以进行传参但是controller参数要通过@RequestBody注解才能获取
* Users getUserByIdRePost(@RequestBody String id)
* Users save(@RequestBody Users users)
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TestRestTemplate {
public static final RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
/**
* 查询所有用户
*/
@Test
public void getAll() {
ResponseEntity<List> responseEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8083/users", List.class);
List list = responseEntity.getBody();
System.out.println("getForEntity请求回来的值是:" + list.toString());
List lists = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8083/users", List.class);
System.out.println("getForObject请求回来的值是:" + lists.toString());
}
/**
* ①根据id查询用户通过占位符GET方式
*/
@Test
public void getUserById() {
ResponseEntity<Users> responseEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8083/users/22222222222", Users.class);
System.out.println("getForEntity请求回来的对象是:" + responseEntity.getBody());
Users user = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8083/users/001", Users.class);
System.out.println("getForObject请求回来的对象是:" + user);
}
/**
* ②根据id查询用户通过传参
* 1.getForEntity(String url,Class responseType,Object...urlVariables):
* 该方法提供了三个参数,其中url为请求的地址,responseType为请求响应体body的包装类型,urlVariables为url中的参数绑定。
* GET请求的参数绑定通常使用url中拼接的方式,比如http://USER-SERVICE/user?name=did我们可以像这样自已将参数拼接到url中,
* 但更好的方法是在url中使用占位符并配合urlVariables参数实现GET请求的参数绑定,
* 比如url定义为htip://USER-SERVICE/user?name={1},然后可以这样来调用:
* getForEntity("http://USER-SERVICE/user?name={1}",String.class,"didi")'其中第三个参数didi会替换url中的{1}占位符。
* <p>
* 这里需要注意的是,由于urlVariables参数是一个数组,所以它的顺序会对应url中占位符定义的数字顺序。
*/
@Test
public void getUserById2() {
String id = "22222222222";
ResponseEntity<Users> responseEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8083/users/{id}", Users.class, id);
ResponseEntity<Users> responseEntity1 = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8083/users/{1}", Users.class, id);
System.out.println("getForEntity请求回来的对象是①:" + responseEntity.getBody());
System.out.println("getForEntity请求回来的对象是②:" + responseEntity1.getBody());
Users user = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8083/users/{id}", Users.class, id);
System.out.println("getForObject请求回来的对象是:" + user);
}
/**
* ③根据id查询用户通过使用map封装参数
* 2.getForEntity(String url,Class responseType,Map urlVariables):
* 该方法提供的参数中,只有urlVariables的参数类型与上面的方法不同。这里使用了Map类型,所以使用该方法进行参数绑定时需要在占位符中指定Map中参
* 数的key值,比如url定义为http://USER-SERVICE/user?name={name),在Map类型的urlVariables中,我们就需要put一个key为name的参数来绑
* 定url中{name}占位符的值,比如:
*/
@Test
public void getUserByIdMap() {
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("id", "666666666");
ResponseEntity<Users> responseEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8083/users/{id}", Users.class, map);
System.out.println("getForEntity请求回来的对象是:" + responseEntity.getBody());
Users user = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8083/users/{id}", Users.class, map);
System.out.println("getForObject请求回来的对象是:" + user);
}
/**
* 根据id删除用户
*/
@Test
public void deleteUserById() {
restTemplate.delete("http://localhost:8083/users/001");
System.out.println("delete方法没有返回值");
}
/**
* 根据id修改用户
*/
@Test
public void editUserById() {
restTemplate.put("http://localhost:8083/users/003", String.class);
System.out.println("put方法没有返回值");
}
/**
* 保存用户
*/
@Test
public void save() {
Users users = new Users();
users.setId("888");
users.setUserName("xxxxx");
users.setAge("20");
users.setEmail("1232@qq.com");
ResponseEntity<Users> responseEntity = restTemplate.postForEntity("http://localhost:8083/save", users, Users.class);
Users users1 = responseEntity.getBody();
System.out.println("postForEntity保存的对象为:" + users1);
Users users2 = restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8083/save", users, Users.class);
System.out.println("postForObject保存的对象为:" + users2);
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户通过传参POST方式
*/
@Test
public void getUserByIdRePost() {
String id = "9999999";
ResponseEntity<Users> responseEntity = restTemplate.postForEntity("http://localhost:8083/getUserByIdRePost", id, Users.class);
Users users1 = responseEntity.getBody();
System.out.println("postForEntity根据id查询用户通过传参获得对象为:" + users1);
Users users2 = restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8083/getUserByIdRePost", id, Users.class);
System.out.println("postForObject根据id查询用户通过传参获得对象为:" + users2);
}
}
5.MockMvc测试方法
package com.testRestful.test;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
@Configuration
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TestRestMockMvc {
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Before
public void setup() {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}
/**
* 测试获得一个对象①
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testDetailUser() throws Exception {
ResultActions resultActions = mockMvc.perform(get("/users/c240da50-013b-4b3d-8c46-77976e288497")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8));
MockHttpServletResponse response = resultActions.andReturn().getResponse();
String contentAsString = response.getContentAsString();
System.out.println("获取的对象为:" + contentAsString);
}
/**
* 测试获得一个对象②
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testDetailUser2() throws Exception {
ResultActions resultActions = mockMvc.perform(get("/getusers").param("id","00232")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8));
MockHttpServletResponse response = resultActions.andReturn().getResponse();
String contentAsString = response.getContentAsString();
System.out.println("获取的对象为:" + contentAsString);
}
/**
* 测试删除一个对象
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testDeleteUser() throws Exception {
ResultActions resultActions = mockMvc.perform(delete("/users/c240da50-013b-4b3d-8c46-77976e288497")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8));
MockHttpServletResponse response = resultActions.andReturn().getResponse();
String contentAsString = response.getContentAsString();
System.out.println("删除一个对象为:" + contentAsString);
}
/**
* 测试修改一个对象
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testPutUser() throws Exception {
ResultActions resultActions = mockMvc.perform(put("/users/c240da50-013b-4b3d-8c46-77976e288497")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8));
MockHttpServletResponse response = resultActions.andReturn().getResponse();
String contentAsString = response.getContentAsString();
System.out.println("修改一个对象为:" + contentAsString);
}
/**
* 测试添加一个对象
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testPostUser() throws Exception {
ResultActions resultActions = mockMvc.perform(post("/saveAdd").param("userName", "test").param("age", "18")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8));
MockHttpServletResponse response = resultActions.andReturn().getResponse();
String contentAsString = response.getContentAsString();
System.out.println("添加一个对象为:" + contentAsString);
}
/**
* 测试获得所有对象
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testGetAllUser() throws Exception {
ResultActions resultActions = mockMvc.perform(get("/users")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8));
MockHttpServletResponse response = resultActions.andReturn().getResponse();
String contentAsString = response.getContentAsString();
System.out.println("获得所有对象为:" + contentAsString);
}
}