在ORACLE中实现SELECT TOP N

1.ORACLE实现SELECT TOP N

   由于ORACLE不支持SELECT TOP句,所以在ORACLE常是用ORDER BYROWNUM合来实现SELECT TOP N查询

  简单实现方法如下所示:

      SELECT 列名1...列名n FROM

        (SELECT 列名1...列名n FROM 表名 ORDER BY 列名1...列名n)

       WHERE ROWNUM <= N(抽出记录数)

      ORDER BY ROWNUM ASC

   下面个例子简单说明一下。

  客表customer(id,name)有如下数据:

      ID NAME

       01 first

       02 Second

       03 third

       04 forth

       05 fifth

       06 sixth

       07 seventh

       08 eighth

       09 ninth

       10 tenth

       11 last

   NAME的字母抽出前三个客的SQL句如下所示:

      SELECT * FROM

        (SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER ORDER BY NAME)

       WHERE ROWNUM <= 3

       ORDER BY ROWNUM ASC

   

      ID NAME

       08 eighth

       05 fifth

       01 first

2.TOP N纪录中抽出第MM <= N)条记录

  在得到了TOP N的数据之后,了抽出N记录中的第M记录,我可以考ROWNUM着手。知道,ROWNUM记录表中数据号的一个藏子段,所以可以在得到TOP N记录候同抽出记录ROWNUM,然后再从N记录中抽取记录编M记录,即使我希望得到的果。

  从上面的分析可以很容易得到下面的SQL句。

      SELECT 列名1...列名n FROM

         (

         SELECT ROWNUM RECNO, 列名1...列名nFROM

           (SELECT 列名1...列名n FROM 表名 ORDER BY 列名1...列名n)

         WHERE ROWNUM <= N(抽出记录数)

       ORDER BY ROWNUM ASC

         )

       WHERE RECNO = MM <= N

  以上表的数据,那得到以NAME的字母排序的第二个客的信息的SQL应该这样写:

       SELECT ID, NAME FROM

         (

          SELECT ROWNUM RECNO, ID, NAME FROM

            (SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER ORDER BY NAME)

             WHERE ROWNUM <= 3

             ORDER BY ROWNUM ASC )

           WHERE RECNO = 2

     则为

       ID NAME

        05 fifth

3.抽出按某方式排序的记录集中的第N记录

   2明中,当M = N候,即标题讲果。实际上,2的做法在里面N>M的部分的数据是基本上不会用到的,我们仅仅明方便而采用。

   如上所述,SQL应为

       SELECT 列名1...列名n FROM

         (

          SELECT ROWNUM RECNO, 列名1...列名nFROM

            (SELECT 列名1...列名n FROM 表名 ORDER BY 列名1...列名n)

             WHERE ROWNUM <= N(抽出记录数)

          ORDER BY ROWNUM ASC

         )

         WHERE RECNO = N

     2中的例子的SQL则为

        SELECT ID, NAME FROM

          (

           SELECT ROWNUM RECNO, ID, NAME FROM

             (SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER ORDER BY NAME)

           WHERE ROWNUM <= 2

           ORDER BY ROWNUM ASC

          )

          WHERE RECNO = 2

     

       ID NAME

        05 fifth

4.抽出按某方式排序的记录集中的第M记录开始的X记录

       3里所仅仅是抽取一条记录的情况,当我需要抽取多条记录候,此2中的N的取值应该是在N >= (M + X - 1)个范内,当经济的取就是取等好的候了的候了。当然最后的抽取条件也不是RECNO = N了,应该RECNO BETWEEN M AND (M + X - 1)了,所以随之而来的SQL则为

       SELECT 列名1...列名n FROM

        (

         SELECT ROWNUM RECNO, 列名1...列名nFROM

          (

          SELECT 列名1...列名n FROM 表名 ORDER BY 列名1...列名n)

          WHERE ROWNUM <= N N >= (M + X - 1)

        ORDER BY ROWNUM ASC

          )

         WHERE RECNO BETWEEN M AND (M + X - 1)

    以上面的数据例,抽取NAME的字母的第2记录开始的3记录SQL

       SELECT ID, NAME FROM

         (

          SELECT ROWNUM RECNO, ID, NAME FROM

            (SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER ORDER BY NAME)

          WHERE ROWNUM <= (2 + 3 - 1)

          ORDER BY ROWNUM ASC

         )

         WHERE RECNO BETWEEN 2 AND (2 + 3 - 1)

     果如下:

       ID NAME

        05 fifth

        01 first

        04 forth

    以此,再展的,做成存储过程,将记录数以及抽取记录参数,就可以实现抽取数据。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jamin/p/1237212.html