ios 地图的坐标系转换调用手机的系统及三方地图

坐标转换

一、坐标简介
目前国内主流坐标系类型主要有三种：WGS84、GCJ02、BD09；
1.WGS84：为一种大地坐标系，也是目前广泛使用的GPS全球卫星定位系统使用的坐标系，如：iOS系统自带地图坐标。

GCJ02：是由中国国家测绘局制订的地理信息系统的坐标系统，是由WGS84坐标系经加密后的坐标系，如：高德地图、google地图、soso地图、aliyun地图、mapabc地图和amap地图所用坐标
BD09：百度坐标系，在GCJ02坐标系基础上再次加密。其中BD09ll表示百度经纬度坐标，BD09mc表示百度墨卡托米制坐标，如：百度地图所用坐标

二、一般项目集成的sdk都支持别的坐标转成自己的坐标，如百度地图支持WGS84和GCJ02转BD09ll，也支持BD09ll转GCJ02，但是 $color{red}{不支持BD09ll转WGS84}$ ，下面就主要介绍一下GCJ02和BD09ll转WGS84

二、BD09ll转GCJ02

/**
 百度坐标转高德坐标

 @param glat 纬度
 @param glon 经度
 @return 数组【转换后的纬度，转换后的经度】
 */
+ (NSArray *)bd09llToGCJLat:(double)glat lon:(double)glon {
    double X_PI = M_PI * 3000.0 / 180.0;
    double x = glon - 0.0065;
    double y = glat - 0.006;
    double z = sqrt(x * x + y * y) - 0.00002 * sin(y * X_PI);
    double theta = atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * cos(x * X_PI);
    double lat = z * sin(theta);
    double lon = z * cos(theta);
    NSArray *latlon = @[[NSNumber numberWithDouble:lat],[NSNumber numberWithDouble:lon]];
    
    return latlon;
}

三、GCJ02转WGS84（只支持国内）

/**
 高德坐标转系统自带坐标

 @param array 数组 需要转换的坐标【纬度，经度】
 @return 数组【转换后的纬度，转换后的经度】
 */
+ (NSArray *)gcjToWGS:(NSArray *)array {
    double lat = [array.firstObject doubleValue];
    double lon = [array.lastObject doubleValue];
    if ([self outOfChinalat:lat lon:lon]){
        return @[[NSNumber numberWithDouble:lat],[NSNumber numberWithDouble:lon]];
    }
    NSArray *latlon = [self deltalat:lat lon:lon];
    return latlon;
}

+ (BOOL)outOfChinalat:(double)lat lon:(double)lon {
    if (lon < 72.004 || lon > 137.8347)
        return true;
    if (lat < 0.8293 || lat > 55.8271)
        return true;
    return false;
}

+ (NSArray *)deltalat:(double)wgLat lon:(double)wgLon {
    double OFFSET = 0.00669342162296594323;
    double AXIS = 6378245.0;
    
    double dLat = [self transformLatx:(wgLon - 105.0) lon:(wgLat - 35.0)];
    double dLon = [self transformLonx:(wgLon - 105.0) lon:(wgLat - 35.0)];
    double radLat = wgLat / 180.0 * M_PI;
    double magic = sin(radLat);
    magic = 1 - OFFSET * magic * magic;
    double sqrtMagic = sqrt(magic);
    dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((AXIS * (1 - OFFSET)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * M_PI);
    dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (AXIS / sqrtMagic * cos(radLat) * M_PI);
    return @[[NSNumber numberWithDouble:(wgLat - dLat)],[NSNumber numberWithDouble:(wgLon - dLon)]];
}

+ (double)transformLatx:(double)x lon:(double)y {
    double ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * sqrt(abs(x));
    ret += (20.0 * sin(6.0 * x * M_PI) + 20.0 * sin(2.0 * x * M_PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
    ret += (20.0 * sin(y * M_PI) + 40.0 * sin(y / 3.0 * M_PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
    ret += (160.0 * sin(y / 12.0 * M_PI) + 320 * sin(y * M_PI / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
    return ret;
}

+ (double)transformLonx:(double)x lon:(double)y {
    double ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * sqrt(abs(x));
    ret += (20.0 * sin(6.0 * x * M_PI) + 20.0 * sin(2.0 * x * M_PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
    ret += (20.0 * sin(x * M_PI) + 40.0 * sin(x / 3.0 * M_PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
    ret += (150.0 * sin(x / 12.0 * M_PI) + 300.0 * sin(x / 30.0 * M_PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
    return ret;
}

四、BD09ll转WGS84，目前的做法是先将BD09ll坐标转成GCJ02坐标，然后再转成WGS84坐标。

五、经实测，转换后的坐标 $color{red}{误差小与1米}$ ，另GCJ02坐标转WGS84坐标有一个更精确的算法，不过里面设计到了递归。

------------------------------打开地图的方式---------------------

//手机自带地图

//当前位置

MKMapItem *mylocation = [MKMapItemmapItemForCurrentLocation];

//前面填写纬度

CLLocationCoordinate2D coords2 =CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(cell.model.coordinate.latitude, cell.model.coordinate.longitude);

//目的地的位置

MKMapItem *toLocation = [[MKMapItemalloc] initWithPlacemark:[[MKPlacemarkalloc] initWithCoordinate:coords2addressDictionary:nil]];

toLocation.name =cell.model.title;

NSArray *items = [NSArrayarrayWithObjects:mylocation, toLocation,nil];

NSDictionary *options =@{ MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeKey:MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeDriving,MKLaunchOptionsMapTypeKey: [NSNumbernumberWithInteger:MKMapTypeStandard],MKLaunchOptionsShowsTrafficKey:@YES};

//打开苹果自身地图应用，并呈现特定的item

[MKMapItemopenMapsWithItems:items launchOptions:options];

//百度地图

if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"baidumap://"]]) {//判断是否安装了百度地图APP
NSString *urlString = [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"baidumap://map/marker?location=%f,%f&title=%@&content=%@&src=webapp.marker.yourCompanyName.yourAppName",cell.model.coordinate.latitude,cell.model.coordinate.longitude,cell.stroeNameLab.text,cell.stroeAddressLab.text] stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]];

}else{}

//高德地图

NSString *urlString = [[NSStringstringWithFormat:@"iosamap://navi?sourceApplication=%@&backScheme=%@&lat=%f&lon=%f&dev=0&style=2",cell.model.title,@"baidumap",cell.model.coordinate.latitude, cell.model.coordinate.longitude]stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

[[UIApplicationsharedApplication] openURL:[NSURLURLWithString:urlString]];

----------------------

//跳到地图导航

- ( void ) btnPermanentAddressClick

{

NSString * appName = @ "自己的app名字" ;

NSString * urlScheme = @ "自己的urlScheme" ;

UIAlertController * alert = [ UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle : @ "选择地图" message : nil preferredStyle : UIAlertControllerStyleActionSheet ] ;

UIAlertAction * appleMap = [ UIAlertAction actionWithTitle : @ "苹果地图" style : UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler : ^ ( UIAlertAction * action ) {

if ( [ [ UIApplication sharedApplication ] canOpenURL : [ NSURL URLWithString : @ "baidumap://" ] ] )

{

//地理编码器

CLGeocoder * geocoder = [ [ CLGeocoder alloc ] init ] ;

[ geocoder geocodeAddressString : @ "上海嘉定区伊宁路2000号" completionHandler : ^ ( NSArray < CLPlacemark * > * _Nullable placemarks , NSError * _Nullable error ) {

for ( CLPlacemark * placemark in placemarks ) {

//坐标(经纬度)

CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = placemark . location . coordinate ;

MKMapItem * currentLocation = [ MKMapItem mapItemForCurrentLocation ] ;

MKMapItem * toLocation = [ [ MKMapItem alloc ] initWithPlacemark : [ [ MKPlacemark alloc ] initWithCoordinate : coordinate addressDictionary : nil ] ] ;

[ MKMapItem openMapsWithItems : @ [ currentLocation , toLocation ]

launchOptions : @ { MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeKey : MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeDriving ,

MKLaunchOptionsShowsTrafficKey : [ NSNumber numberWithBool : YES ] } ] ;

}

} ] ;

} else {

[ NXPopAlertViewLabel showMessage : @ "您的手机没有安装苹果地图" ] ;

}

} ] ;

UIAlertAction * baiduMap = [ UIAlertAction actionWithTitle : @ "百度地图" style : UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler : ^ ( UIAlertAction * action ) {

if ( [ [ UIApplication sharedApplication ] canOpenURL : [ NSURL URLWithString : @ "baidumap://" ] ] )

{

//地理编码器

CLGeocoder * geocoder = [ [ CLGeocoder alloc ] init ] ;

[ geocoder geocodeAddressString : @ "上海嘉定区伊宁路2000号" completionHandler : ^ ( NSArray < CLPlacemark * > * _Nullable placemarks , NSError * _Nullable error ) {

for ( CLPlacemark * placemark in placemarks ) {

//坐标(经纬度)

CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = placemark . location . coordinate ;

NSString * urlString = [ [ NSString stringWithFormat : @ "baidumap://map/direction?origin={{我的位置}}&destination=latlng:%f,%f|name=目的地&mode=driving&coord_type=gcj02" , coordinate . latitude , coordinate . longitude ] stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters : [ NSCharacterSet URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet ] ] ;

[ [ UIApplication sharedApplication ] openURL : [ NSURL URLWithString : urlString ] options : @ { } completionHandler : nil ] ;

}

} ] ;

} else {

[ NXPopAlertViewLabel showMessage : @ "您的手机没有安装百度地图" ] ;

}

} ] ;

UIAlertAction * gaodeMap = [ UIAlertAction actionWithTitle : @ "高德地图" style : UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler : ^ ( UIAlertAction * action ) {

if ( [ [ UIApplication sharedApplication ] canOpenURL : [ NSURL URLWithString : @ "iosamap://" ] ] )

{

//地理编码器

CLGeocoder * geocoder = [ [ CLGeocoder alloc ] init ] ;

[ geocoder geocodeAddressString : @ "上海嘉定区伊宁路2000号" completionHandler : ^ ( NSArray < CLPlacemark * > * _Nullable placemarks , NSError * _Nullable error ) {

for ( CLPlacemark * placemark in placemarks ) {

//坐标(经纬度)

CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = placemark . location . coordinate ;

NSString * urlString = [ [ NSString stringWithFormat : @ "iosamap://navi?sourceApplication=%@&backScheme=%@&lat=%f&lon=%f&dev=0&style=2" , appName , urlScheme , coordinate . latitude , coordinate . longitude ] stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters : [ NSCharacterSet URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet ] ] ;

[ [ UIApplication sharedApplication ] openURL : [ NSURL URLWithString : urlString ] options : @ { } completionHandler : nil ] ;

}

} ] ;

} else {

[ NXPopAlertViewLabel showMessage : @ "您的手机没有安装高德地图" ] ;

}

} ] ;

UIAlertAction * gugeMap = [ UIAlertAction actionWithTitle : @ "谷歌地图" style : UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler : ^ ( UIAlertAction * action ) {

if ( [ [ UIApplication sharedApplication ] canOpenURL : [ NSURL URLWithString : @ "comgooglemaps://" ] ] )

{

//地理编码器

CLGeocoder * geocoder = [ [ CLGeocoder alloc ] init ] ;

[ geocoder geocodeAddressString : @ "上海嘉定区伊宁路2000号" completionHandler : ^ ( NSArray < CLPlacemark * > * _Nullable placemarks , NSError * _Nullable error ) {

for ( CLPlacemark * placemark in placemarks ) {

//坐标(经纬度)

CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = placemark . location . coordinate ;

NSString * urlString = [ [ NSString stringWithFormat : @ "comgooglemaps://?x-source=%@&x-success=%@&saddr=&daddr=%f,%f&directionsmode=driving" , appName , urlScheme , coordinate . latitude , coordinate . longitude ] stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters : [ NSCharacterSet URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet ] ] ;

[ [ UIApplication sharedApplication ] openURL : [ NSURL URLWithString : urlString ] options : @ { } completionHandler : nil ] ;

}

} ] ;

} else {

[ NXPopAlertViewLabel showMessage : @ "您的手机没有安装谷歌地图" ] ;

}

} ] ;

UIAlertAction * cancel = [ UIAlertAction actionWithTitle : @ "取消" style : UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler : ^ ( UIAlertAction * action ) {

} ] ;

[ alert addAction : appleMap ] ;

[ alert addAction : baiduMap ] ;

[ alert addAction : gaodeMap ] ;

[ alert addAction : gugeMap ] ;

[ alert addAction : cancel ] ;

[ self presentViewController : alert animated : YES completion : ^ {

} ] ;

}

参考链接

https://www.cnblogs.com/huahua0809/p/5235670.html

https://blog.csdn.net/autom_lishun/article/details/54092420

https://www.jianshu.com/p/b7fa7253bc1b

https://www.jianshu.com/p/ee83aed42d6d

https://www.jianshu.com/p/27dbe24e8771

ios 地图的坐标系转换 调用手机的系统及三方地图

ios 地图的坐标系转换调用手机的系统及三方地图