[js]nodejs初探http/url/fs模块

难怪我没学会, 因为我的套路有问题. 错误点, 1,大而全 2,不注重思路

学习要领: 

1, 小而精
2, 重思路(总结)
nodejs特点:
    1.node提供了js的运行环境, 一般将node运行在服务端, 丰富了各种模块,jsplus
    2.大量的工具库
    3.事件驱动&异步IO,谷歌v8引擎

全局js对象是windows,而node环境下全局js对象是global

express 基于nodejs的web框架: Fast, unopinionated, minimalist web framework for Node.js

node命令参数

参考

npm install module-name -save 自动把模块和版本号添加到dependencies部分,新版本的node可以省略这个参数
npm install module-name -save-dve 自动把模块和版本号添加到devdependencies部分

-S, --save: Package will appear in your dependencies.新版本node的可以省略
-D, --save-dev: Package will appear in your devDependencies.
-O, --save-optional: Package will appear in your optionalDependencies.

还有一个设置代理, 公司里会用到(因为有网络限制)

下载长期支持版
    https://nodejs.org/en/

npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org

创建文件模板:

<template>
    <div></div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        data() {
            return {}
        },
        methods: {},
        computed: {},
        componets: {}
    }
</script>
<style scoped>

</style>

解决webstorm卡顿问题

cd s1
npm init -y  # 默认是ISC协议, 一般是MIT协议,自由可更改,永久免费
npm install vue axios bootstrap
- repl环境: 即交互环境

read-eval-print loop '读取--求值--输出' 循环

思路:

1.创建服务器,访问
2,区分path和query
3,返回指定html, fs模块
4,返回任意html
5.根据后缀设置content-type

// 思路: 接收请求 -- 获取后缀 -- 设置content-type -- 响应


url里的path和query的区别

url里的path和query-http和url模块

var http = require("http"),
    url = require("url"),
    fs = require("fs");


s1 = http.createServer(function (req, res) {
    // res.write("<h1>hello yifei</h1>");
    // res.end();
    var urlObj = url.parse(req.url, true),
        pathname = urlObj['pathname'], //path
        query = urlObj['query']; //?后面的参数 {}类型
    console.log(pathname);
    console.log(query);
    res.end();//终结请求
});


s1.listen(1234, function () {
    console.log("http://127.0.0.1:1234/getdata/?name=maotai&age=22");
});

结果

fs模块: 返回网页

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>test</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/base.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户登录</h1>
<form action="/add.html" method="get">
    <p>用户: <input type="text" name="username"></p>
    <p>密码: <input type="text" name="password"></p>
    <p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

css/base.css

body{
    background-color: #0086b3;
}

node代码

var http = require('http'),
    url = require('url'),
    fs = require('fs');


s1 = http.createServer(function (req, res) {
    var urlObj = url.parse(req.url, true),
        pathname = urlObj['pathname'],
        query = urlObj['query'];
    console.log(pathname, query);
    if (pathname === "/index.html") {
        var con = fs.readFileSync("./index.html"); //读取html,返回
        res.end(con);
        return;
    }
    if (pathname === "/css/base.css") { //index.html里会调用css
        con = fs.readFileSync("./css/base.css","utf-8");
        res.end(con);
        return;
    }
});

s1.listen("1234", function () {
    console.log("http://127.0.0.1:1234/index.html");
});

根据pathname返回不通的url

最简陋的实现(如果html不存在会报错)

var http = require("http"),
    url = require("url"),
    fs = require("fs");


s1 = http.createServer(function (req, res) {
    var urlObj = url.parse(req.url),
        pathname = urlObj['pathname'],
        query = urlObj['query'];

    pathname = "." + pathname;
    var con = fs.readFileSync(pathname); //根据pathname返回不同的url
    res.end(con);
    return; //代表终结
});

s1.listen(1234, function () {
    console.log("http://127.0.0.1:1234/index.html")
});

处理错误

var http = require("http"),
    url = require("url"),
    fs = require("fs");


s1 = http.createServer(function (req, res) {
    var urlObj = url.parse(req.url),
        pathname = urlObj['pathname'],
        query = urlObj['query'];
    try {
        var con = fs.readFileSync('.'+pathname);
        res.end(con);

    } catch (e) {
        res.end("request file is not fonund!")
    }
    return;
});

s1.listen(1234, function () {
    console.log("http://127.0.0.1:1234/index.html")
});

处理mime

每一种资源文件都有自己的标识类型. 浏览器按照提供的MIME(content-type)类型渲染页面

什么是MIME,及conetent-type

即不通类型不同的显示,如html css

谷歌浏览器会智能处理一些类型.

// 思路: 接收请求 -- 获取后缀 -- 设置content-type -- 响应


var http = require('http'),
    url = require('url'),
    fs = require('fs');


s1 = http.createServer(function (req, res) {
    var urlObj = url.parse(req.url),
        pathname = urlObj['pathname'],
        query = urlObj['query'];
    var reg = /.(HTML|CSS|JS|JSON|TXT|ICO)/i;

    var suffixMIME = 'text/plain';
    if (reg.test(pathname)) {
        var suffix = reg.exec(pathname)[1].toUpperCase();
        switch (suffix) {
            case "HTML":
                suffixMIME = 'text/html';
                break;
            case "JS":
                suffixMIME = 'text/javascript';
                break;
            case "CSS":
                suffixMIME = 'text/css';
                break;
            case "JSON":
                suffixMIME = 'application/json';
                break;
            case "ICO":
                suffixMIME = 'application/octet-stream';
                break;
        }
    }

    try {
        con = fs.readFileSync('.' + pathname);
        res.writeHead(200, {'content-type': suffixMIME + ';charset=utf-8'});
        res.end(con);
    } catch (e) {
        res.writeHead(404, {'content-type': 'text/plain;charset=utf-8'});
        res.end("file not found")
    }
});

s1.listen(1234, function () {
    console.log("http://127.0.0.1:1234/index.html");
});

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/iiiiiher/p/8406467.html