IO操作

作用:读写设备上数据、硬盘文件、内存、键盘、网络等。

分类:

  数据走向:输入流、输出流

  数据类型:字符流(文本数据Reader或者Writer结尾)  

       字节流(所有类型Stream结尾)

  1个字节 = 8位二进制  字节是存储信息单位,计量单位

  字符:抽象的一个符号

  字符集:编码,ANSI编码标准

  字节流->字符

  FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("text.txt");

  byte inpyt[] = new byte[21];

  fis.read(input);

  String inputString = new String(input,"UTF-8");

  fis.close();

  字符->字节流

  FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("text.txt");

  String outString = "";

  byte output[] = outString.getBytes("UTF-8");

  fos.write(output);

  fos.close();

  文件拷贝:

  FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("a.gif");

  FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("b.gif");

  byte input[] = new byte[50];

  while(fis.read(input)!=-1){fos.write(input);}

  fis.close();

  fos.close();

  缓冲区加速度:

  FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("");

  BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);

  FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("");

  BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);

  byte input[] = new byte[100];

  while(bis.read(input)!=-1){bos.write(input);}

  bis.close();

  fis.close();

  bos.close();

  fos.close();

  系统时间返回的是1970年到现在的毫秒数。

  优化速度:1、缓冲区大小。2、字节数组的大小。

  

  使用字符流:

  FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("");

  InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis,"UTF-8");

  FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("");

  OutputStreamWriter osw=new OutputStreamWriter(fos);

  char input[] = new char[100];

  while(isr.read(input)!=-1){int l=0;while((l=isr.read(input))!=-1){osw.write(input,0,l)}}

  osw.close();

  fos.close();

  isr.close();

  fis.close();

  字符流缓冲:

  FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("");

  InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis,"UTF-8");

  BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

  FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("");

  OutputStreamWriter osw=new OutputStreamWriter(fos);  //PrintWriter换行输出

  BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(osw);

  char input[] = new char[100];

  while(input = br.readLine!=null){br.write(input);}

  br.close();

  bw.flush();

  bw.close();

  osw.close();

  fos.close();

  isr.close();

  fis.close();

  文件的读写(纯文本):

  FileReader fr = new FileReader("");

  BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr);

  RandomAccessFile:

  RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file,"rw");

  raf.seek((block-1)*l);->指针

  raf.write();

 

  FileUtiles对file的操作特别方便:

  File fie = new File("");

  String input  = FileUtiles.readFileToString(file,"");

  FileUtiles.copyFile(file1,file2); 

  

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hzwcoming/p/4655376.html