Struts2.x+JFreeChart搭建框架出错（四）
解决属性定义两次之后，再次出现问题：
usage: java org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina [ -config {pathname} ] [ -nonaming ] { -help | start | stop }
2013-7-28 15:01:53 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.27 using APR version 1.4.6.
2013-7-28 15:01:53 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener initializeSSL
信息: OpenSSL successfully initialized (OpenSSL 1.0.1d 5 Feb 2013)
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8080"]
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 920 ms
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.41
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:MyEclipseapache-tomcat-7.0.41webappsdocs
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:MyEclipseapache-tomcat-7.0.41webappsexamples
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: contextInitialized()
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: SessionListener: contextInitialized()
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: attributeAdded('org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache', 'org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache@1a3ca10')
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:MyEclipseapache-tomcat-7.0.41webappshost-manager
2013-7-28 15:01:54 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:MyEclipseapache-tomcat-7.0.41webappsJFreeChart
2013-7-28 15:01:55 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:MyEclipseapache-tomcat-7.0.41webappsmanager
2013-7-28 15:01:55 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:MyEclipseapache-tomcat-7.0.41webappsROOT
2013-7-28 15:01:55 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:MyEclipseapache-tomcat-7.0.41webappsvotesystem
2013-7-28 15:01:57 com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener contextInitialized
信息: Initializing Sun's JavaServer Faces implementation (1.2_04-b07-FCS) for context '/votesystem'
2013-7-28 15:01:58 com.sun.faces.spi.InjectionProviderFactory createInstance
信息: JSF1048: PostConstruct/PreDestroy annotations present. ManagedBeans methods marked with these annotations will have said annotations processed.
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-plugin.xml]
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts.xml]
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManagerFactory)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.CollectionConverter)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.ArrayConverter)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DateConverter)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.NumberConverter)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.StringConverter)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionPropertiesProcessor)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionFileProcessor)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionAnnotationProcessor)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.LocaleProvider)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (jakarta) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.components.UrlRenderer)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ActionValidatorManager)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStackFactory)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionContextFactory)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StaticContentLoader)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.UnknownHandlerManager)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.views.util.UrlHelper)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.TextParser)
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Loading global messages from [testmessages]
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Loading global messages from [testmessages2]
2013-7-28 15:01:59 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger error
严重: Dispatcher initialization failed
Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.41/webapps/votesystem/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:7:77
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:446)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:490)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:281)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:262)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4746)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5399)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1113)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1671)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: Error building results for action chartResult in namespace - action - file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.41/webapps/votesystem/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:7:77
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:437)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:552)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:292)
at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:112)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:250)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)
... 20 more
Caused by: There is no result type defined for type 'chart' mapped with name 'success'. Did you mean 'chart'? - result - file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.41/webapps/votesystem/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:49
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.buildResults(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:721)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:435)
... 25 more
2013-7-28 15:01:59 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart
严重: Exception starting filter struts2
Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.41/webapps/votesystem/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:7:77
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:502)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:281)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:262)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4746)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5399)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1113)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1671)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.41/webapps/votesystem/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:7:77
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:446)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:490)
... 18 more
Caused by: Error building results for action chartResult in namespace - action - file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.41/webapps/votesystem/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:7:77
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:437)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:552)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:292)
at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:112)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:250)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)
... 20 more
Caused by: There is no result type defined for type 'chart' mapped with name 'success'. Did you mean 'chart'? - result - file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.41/webapps/votesystem/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:49
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.buildResults(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:721)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:435)
... 25 more
2013-7-28 15:01:59 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Error filterStart
2013-7-28 15:01:59 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Context [/votesystem] startup failed due to previous errors
2013-7-28 15:01:59 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader checkThreadLocalMapForLeaks
严重: The web application [/votesystem] created a ThreadLocal with key of type [com.sun.faces.util.Util$1] (value [com.sun.faces.util.Util$1@90288e]) and a value of type [java.util.HashMap] (value [{com.sun.faces.patternCache={ = }}]) but failed to remove it when the web application was stopped. Threads are going to be renewed over time to try and avoid a probable memory leak.
2013-7-28 15:01:59 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8080"]
2013-7-28 15:01:59 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
2013-7-28 15:01:59 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 5234 ms原因如下：
struts.xml配置
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">
<action name="chartResult" class="com.you.action.ChartResultAction">
<result name="success" type="chart">
<param name="width">800</param>
<param name="height">600</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
改为：
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="struts2" extends="jfreechart-default">
<action name="chartResult" class="com.you.action.ChartResultAction">
<result name="success" type="chart">
<param name="width">800</param>
<param name="height">600</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
关键之处是：struts.xml配置中extends